NAGE COPY Flashcards by Yomi Laws

Give some details of the degenerate nature of the genetic code, include examples of the extremes in your answer

pg 27

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Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the processes involved in transcribing a eukaryotic gene.

pg 13

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What is RNA Processing?

pg 15

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Summarise the elongation step of translation

pg 30

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1)Summarise what takes place in nucleic acid hybridisation

pg 38

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Describe and explain the details of the initiation step of translation

pg 28

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Describe the process for the separation of DNA fragments

pg 37

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Describe the Anatomy of a Gene

pg 15

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Describe the features of the signal sequences

pg 33

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Describe what non-coding RNAs are and give the details of examples of such.

pg 20

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Describe what is meant by a “Transcription factor”

pg 12

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Describe the action of Transfer RNA

pg 28

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Explain the relationship between DNA and Genes, and describe the function of genes

pg 11

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2)Describe and explain the details of the termination step of translation

pg 31

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Distinguish “sense” and “anti-sense” DNA template strands.

pg 15

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1)Summarise the termination step of translation

pg 31

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Give an Example of a type of mutation in splice sites featuring in ahuman disease

pg 19

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Why is it referred to as a basal transcription complex

pg 13

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Describe the Mechanism by which Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases work

pg 28

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Describe and explain the whole process of translation

pg 29-32

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Other than adding dNTPs to the 3’ end what is the other role of DNA polymerase

pg 9

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Give the details of what takes place in RNA interference

pg 23

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Recall the Structure of a typical mRNA

pg 27

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Explain why siRNAs are suitable to be used as therapies for genes we do not want to be expressed

pg 24

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escribe an EXAMPLE of Post-Translational Modification - INSULIN

pg 36

1. **_List the major functional classes of RNA and the classes of RNA polymerases involved in synthesising each of these._**

pg 12

**_Describe the Post-transcriptional modification of the gene after splicing_**

pg 18

**_Name examples of post-translational modification, and explain a quality that it increases_**

pg 36

## Footnote **_Describe the experimental evidence for the function of Micro RNAs_**

pg 25

**_Describe how MRNA is read_**

pg 28

**Recall details of how problems with Micro RNAs can lead to Human Disease**

pg 26

_Compare siRNAs with miRNAs_

pg 21

## Footnote **_Explain examples of the uses of hybridisation(not sure of this part)_**

pg 39

1. **_Define “Transcription” and summarise the process including some detail on the type of proteins and/or sequences involved_**

pg 12

_Explain two methods through which transcription factors wor_

pg 14

Give examples of various hybridisation techniques and the type of nucleic acids they include

pg 39

_Summarise the details of the human Genome_

pg 11

1. **_Describe what is meant by a “gene promoter”_**

pg 12

_Give EXAMPLES of Microarray Applications_:

pg 42

Describe Applications of PCR

pg 41

**_How can miRNA be used in bioinformatics_**

pg 26

_Describe Gene Regulation in Human Disease_

pg 14

_Describe the importance of DICER_

pg 24

**_Describe what a DNA (Oligonucleotide) Microarrays is_**

pg 41

Summarise the initiation step of translation

pg 28

**_2)Describe and explain the details of the elongation step of translation_**

pg 30

Explain the C-value paradox

**_Summarise the cell cycle_**

pg 9

_2) Describe the function of restriction endonucleases_

pg 37

## Footnote **_Describe the process of Protein Synthesis on rER_**

pg 34

Describe the Sequence of events in mRNA splicing

pg 16

**_Describe how Antisense RNA can be used as a tool to block mRNA function_**

pg 23

**_Give the details of miRNA Transcription and Processing_**

pg 25

_IN the context of other parts of nucleic acid analysis, describe what takes place in hybridisation_

pg 38

_Recall Factors affecting Transcription Factor Expression_

pg 14

_What is the relationship between the transciption complex and RNA polymerase II_

pg 13

_Give examples of antibiotic and state their mechanisms_

pg 33

**_Give an exemplification of the Importance of Analysing Nucleic Acids_**

pg 37

Exaplain Melting Temperature and Hybridisation Stringency, and the factors that affect it

pg 40

**_Describe the PCR Primer Design_**

pg 41

## Footnote **_Explain the relationship between Antibiotics and Protein Synthesis_**

pg 33

1. **_Describe the basic differences between DNA and RNA_**

pg 11

**_escribe how the process of Polymerase Chain Reaction is carried out_**

pg 41

_Describe Gene Expression in eukaryotic organisms_

pg 11

**_1)Describe the process of cell based DNA Cloning_**

pg 37

_Describe how efficiency is improved in translation_

pg 33

_What is the main method used by transcription factors in their function_

pg 13