Neoplasms

Question 1

Hallmarks of malignant transformation

Answer 1

Anaplasia
Enlarged nuclei and cells
Large prominent nucleoli
Increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio
Hyperchromatism
Pleomorphism
Dyskeratosis
Increased mitotic activity
Abnormal mitotic figures
Loss of polarity
Drop shaped reteridges
Dysplasia

Question 2

Destruction of bone giving MOTH EATEN radiolucency with ill defined margins

Answer 2

Malignant lesions radiographically

Question 3

Most common type of oral cancer

Answer 3

SCC

Question 4

Most reliable histo criteria for diagnosis of oral SCC

Answer 4

INVASION

Question 5

Clinical features of SCC

Answer 5

Indurated ulcers with rolled borders
Exophytic - fungating, papillary and verruciform)
Endophytic - invasive
Leukoplakia
Erythroplakia
Mixed red and white
Loosening of teeth
Parasthesia

Question 6

Most common intraoral site for SCC

Answer 6

posterior lateral border of tongue

Question 7

Syndrome associated with SCC of tongue

Answer 7

Plummer vinson syndrome

Question 8

Metastasis of SCC of lower lip

Answer 8

Submental and lymph nodes

Question 9

Metastasis of SCC of tongue

Answer 9

Ipsilateral Lymphnodes of the neck
Submandibular
Jugulodiagstric

Question 10

Second most common intraoral site of SCC

Answer 10

Floor of the mouth

Question 11

SCC of floor of the mouth metastatic location

Answer 11

Submandibular lymphnodes bilaterally
Most commonly occurs in the ant segment on either side of the midline near the orifices of the salivary glands

Question 12

SCC of buccal mucosa

Answer 12

Along the plane of occlusion
More common in mandible
Posterior

Question 13

Least common site of SCC

Answer 13

Nasopharynx

Question 14

causes of oropharyngeal SCC

Answer 14

Exposure to carcinogens
HPV type 16 and 18

Question 15

Oropharyngeal carcinoma favoured sites?

Answer 15

Soft palate
Base if tongue
Tonsillar region
Post pharyngeal wall

Question 16

Metastases to the jaws most commonly originate from primary carcinoma

Answer 16

Adenocarcinoma of breast
Kidney
Colon
Prostate
Thyroid gland

Question 17

Type of spread of carcinoma to the jaw?

Answer 17

Hematogenous route

Question 18

Metastatic jaw lesions in oral cavity?

Answer 18

Most common site angle/body of mandible
Bone pain
Loose teeth
Lip parasthesia
Bone swelling
Gingival mass
Pathologic fracture

Question 19

Most common site for metastatic jaw lesion for oral soft tissues

Answer 19

Gingiva
Tongue

Question 20

Low grade variant of oral SCC

Answer 20

Verrucous carcinoma

Question 21

Whitish diffuse
Well demarcated
Asymptomatic
Thick plaque with papillary or verruciform surface projection in mandibular vestibule
Buccal mucosa gingiva tongue and hard palate

Answer 21

Verrucous carcinoma

Question 22

Most common skin cancer

Answer 22

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 23

Features of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 23

Affects white adults
Males
Excessive exposure to the sun or to xrays
Non healing indurated chronic ulcer on the nose

Question 24

Surgery for basal cell carcinoma

Answer 24

MOHS micrographic surgery

Question 25

Deadliest form of skin cancer

Answer 25

Melanoma Involving melanocytes

Question 26

Common site for melanoma intraorally

Answer 26

Palate Maxillary gingiva Alveolar ridge

Question 27

Types of melanoma

Answer 27

Superficial - most common, flat irregular shape Nodular melanoma - raised area, poor prognosis Lentigo maligna melanoma - hutchinson freckle, sun damaged skin on the face neck arms Acral lentiginous melanoma - most common form of melanoma in blacks and oral cavity - genetic mutations

Question 28

A B C D E of melanoma

Answer 28

A - asymmetry B - border irregularity C- color variation D - diameter of greater than 1/4 inch E - evolving

Question 29

Patient is presented with pigmented lesion on palate that has changed in size and colour over time has irregular borders and asymmetrical

Answer 29

Melanoma

Question 30

Carcinoma occurs rarely intraorally

Answer 30

BASAL cell carcinoma

Question 31

Least common carcinoma

Answer 31

Melanoma

Question 32

Most fatal carcinoma

Answer 32

Melanoma

Question 33

Disease of abnormal plasma cells that most often build up in the bone marrow

Answer 33

Multiple myeloma

Question 34

Commonest site for multiple myeloma intraorally

Answer 34

Molar ramus

Question 35

Swelling pain loose teeth parasthesia PUNCHED OUT radiolucency on the lateral skull radiograph

Answer 35

Multiple myeloma Plasma cell myeloma

Question 36

Localised form of multiple myeloma

Answer 36

Plasmocytoma

Question 37

Waldeyers ring

Answer 37

Ring of lymphatic tissue formed by the 2 palatine tonsils Pharyngeal tonsil Lingual tonsils

Question 38

Types of lymphoma

Answer 38

Hodgkins Non hodgkins Burkitts

Question 39

Malignancy of B lymphocytes characterized by the presence of REED STERNBERG CELLS

Answer 39

Hodgkins lymphoma

Question 40

Painless mass or firm rubbery non tender cervical and supraclavicular lymphnodes followed by weightloss fever night sweats and pruritis

Answer 40

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 41

Large group of lympho prolifertive disorders classified as of B cell or T cell origin Mainly B lymphocytes

Answer 41

Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 42

Common intraoral site for non hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 42

Buccal vestibule Post hard palate Gingiva

Question 43

Causative agent for burkitts lymphoma

Answer 43

Epstein barr virus

Question 44

High grade malignancy of B lymphocytes origin which is very aggressive and grows rapidly to CNS

Answer 44

Burkitts lymphoma

Question 45

Forms of burkitt lymphoma

Answer 45

Classic endemic - involves maxilla post segment in young males Sporadic - abdominal mass Immuneodeficiency associated burkitt lymphoma - allografts HIV congenital

Question 46

Oral manisfestations of burkitt lymphoma

Answer 46

Facial swelling Proptosjs Tooth mobility Premature exfoliation Hemorrhagic soft tissue nodular masses

Question 47

Starry sky pattern

Answer 47

Burkitts lymphoma

Question 48

Most common primary bone tumors

Answer 48

Osteosarcoma

Question 49

Intraoral sites for osteosarcoma

Answer 49

Mandible : body of the mandible Maxilla - alveolar ridge and antrum

Question 50

Symmetrical widening of the PDL space Radiopaque and radiolucent or mixed ill defined borders SUN BURST app of periosteal Root resorption

Answer 50

Osteosarcoma

Question 51

Round cell sarcoma

Answer 51

Ewing sarcoma

Question 52

Onion skin pattern

Answer 52

Periosteal reaction seen in Ewings sarcoma Osteomyelitis

Question 53

Malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells characterized by vascular proliferation commonly found in AIDs associated with human herpes 8

Answer 53

Kaposis sarcoma

Question 54

Common site intraorally for kaposi sarcoma

Answer 54

Palate Gingiva Buccal mucosa