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Oral Pathology > Neoplasms > Flashcards

Neoplasms Flashcards

1
Q

Hallmarks of malignant transformation

A

Anaplasia
Enlarged nuclei and cells
Large prominent nucleoli
Increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio
Hyperchromatism
Pleomorphism
Dyskeratosis
Increased mitotic activity
Abnormal mitotic figures
Loss of polarity
Drop shaped reteridges
Dysplasia

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2
Q

Destruction of bone giving MOTH EATEN radiolucency with ill defined margins

A

Malignant lesions radiographically

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3
Q

Most common type of oral cancer

A

SCC

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4
Q

Most reliable histo criteria for diagnosis of oral SCC

A

INVASION

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5
Q

Clinical features of SCC

A

Indurated ulcers with rolled borders
Exophytic - fungating, papillary and verruciform)
Endophytic - invasive
Leukoplakia
Erythroplakia
Mixed red and white
Loosening of teeth
Parasthesia

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6
Q

Most common intraoral site for SCC

A

posterior lateral border of tongue

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7
Q

Syndrome associated with SCC of tongue

A

Plummer vinson syndrome

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8
Q

Metastasis of SCC of lower lip

A

Submental and lymph nodes

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9
Q

Metastasis of SCC of tongue

A

Ipsilateral Lymphnodes of the neck
Submandibular
Jugulodiagstric

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10
Q

Second most common intraoral site of SCC

A

Floor of the mouth

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11
Q

SCC of floor of the mouth metastatic location

A

Submandibular lymphnodes bilaterally
Most commonly occurs in the ant segment on either side of the midline near the orifices of the salivary glands

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12
Q

SCC of buccal mucosa

A

Along the plane of occlusion
More common in mandible
Posterior

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13
Q

Least common site of SCC

A

Nasopharynx

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14
Q

causes of oropharyngeal SCC

A

Exposure to carcinogens
HPV type 16 and 18

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15
Q

Oropharyngeal carcinoma favoured sites?

A

Soft palate
Base if tongue
Tonsillar region
Post pharyngeal wall

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16
Q

Metastases to the jaws most commonly originate from primary carcinoma

A

Adenocarcinoma of breast
Kidney
Colon
Prostate
Thyroid gland

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17
Q

Type of spread of carcinoma to the jaw?

A

Hematogenous route

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18
Q

Metastatic jaw lesions in oral cavity?

A

Most common site angle/body of mandible
Bone pain
Loose teeth
Lip parasthesia
Bone swelling
Gingival mass
Pathologic fracture

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19
Q

Most common site for metastatic jaw lesion for oral soft tissues

A

Gingiva
Tongue

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20
Q

Low grade variant of oral SCC

A

Verrucous carcinoma

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21
Q

Whitish diffuse
Well demarcated
Asymptomatic
Thick plaque with papillary or verruciform surface projection in mandibular vestibule
Buccal mucosa gingiva tongue and hard palate

A

Verrucous carcinoma

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22
Q

Most common skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

23
Q

Features of basal cell carcinoma

A

Affects white adults
Males
Excessive exposure to the sun or to xrays
Non healing indurated chronic ulcer on the nose

24
Q

Surgery for basal cell carcinoma

A

MOHS micrographic surgery

25
Q

Deadliest form of skin cancer

A

Melanoma
Involving melanocytes

26
Q

Common site for melanoma intraorally

A

Palate
Maxillary gingiva
Alveolar ridge

27
Q

Types of melanoma

A

Superficial - most common, flat irregular shape

Nodular melanoma - raised area, poor prognosis

Lentigo maligna melanoma - hutchinson freckle, sun damaged skin on the face neck arms

Acral lentiginous melanoma - most common form of melanoma in blacks and oral cavity - genetic mutations

28
Q

A B C D E of melanoma

A

A - asymmetry

B - border irregularity

C- color variation

D - diameter of greater than 1/4 inch

E - evolving

29
Q

Patient is presented with pigmented lesion on palate that has changed in size and colour over time has irregular borders and asymmetrical

A

Melanoma

30
Q

Carcinoma occurs rarely intraorally

A

BASAL cell carcinoma

31
Q

Least common carcinoma

A

Melanoma

32
Q

Most fatal carcinoma

A

Melanoma

33
Q

Disease of abnormal plasma cells that most often build up in the bone marrow

A

Multiple myeloma

34
Q

Commonest site for multiple myeloma intraorally

A

Molar ramus

35
Q

Swelling pain loose teeth parasthesia PUNCHED OUT radiolucency on the lateral skull radiograph

A

Multiple myeloma
Plasma cell myeloma

36
Q

Localised form of multiple myeloma

A

Plasmocytoma

37
Q

Waldeyers ring

A

Ring of lymphatic tissue formed by the 2 palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lingual tonsils

38
Q

Types of lymphoma

A

Hodgkins
Non hodgkins
Burkitts

39
Q

Malignancy of B lymphocytes characterized by the presence of REED STERNBERG CELLS

A

Hodgkins lymphoma

40
Q

Painless mass or firm rubbery non tender cervical and supraclavicular lymphnodes followed by weightloss fever night sweats and pruritis

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

41
Q

Large group of lympho prolifertive disorders classified as of B cell or T cell origin
Mainly B lymphocytes

A

Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma

42
Q

Common intraoral site for non hodgkin lymphoma

A

Buccal vestibule
Post hard palate
Gingiva

43
Q

Causative agent for burkitts lymphoma

A

Epstein barr virus

44
Q

High grade malignancy of B lymphocytes origin which is very aggressive and grows rapidly to CNS

A

Burkitts lymphoma

45
Q

Forms of burkitt lymphoma

A

Classic endemic - involves maxilla post segment in young males

Sporadic - abdominal mass

Immuneodeficiency associated burkitt lymphoma - allografts HIV congenital

46
Q

Oral manisfestations of burkitt lymphoma

A

Facial swelling
Proptosjs
Tooth mobility
Premature exfoliation
Hemorrhagic soft tissue nodular masses

47
Q

Starry sky pattern

A

Burkitts lymphoma

48
Q

Most common primary bone tumors

A

Osteosarcoma

49
Q

Intraoral sites for osteosarcoma

A

Mandible : body of the mandible
Maxilla - alveolar ridge and antrum

50
Q

Symmetrical widening of the PDL space
Radiopaque and radiolucent or mixed ill defined borders
SUN BURST app of periosteal
Root resorption

A

Osteosarcoma

51
Q

Round cell sarcoma

A

Ewing sarcoma

52
Q

Onion skin pattern

A

Periosteal reaction seen in
Ewings sarcoma
Osteomyelitis

53
Q

Malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells characterized by vascular proliferation commonly found in AIDs associated with human herpes 8

A

Kaposis sarcoma

54
Q

Common site intraorally for kaposi sarcoma

A

Palate
Gingiva
Buccal mucosa

Oral Pathology (16 decks)

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