Nerve Tissue- Lecture 9/23/21

Question 1

Neurons

Answer 1

Nerve cells

Question 2

Afferent

Answer 2

Taking something in towards the cell body

Question 3

Efferent

Answer 3

Out towards the destination

Question 4

Single neuron pathways

Answer 4

Sensory and motor nerves

Question 5

Axon hillock

Answer 5

Region between cell body and axon where action potential is initiated

Question 6

Dendrites

Answer 6

Many per motor neuron, sensory neurons do not have any

Question 7

Motor neuron location

Answer 7

Ventral horn

Question 8

Sensory nerve cell body location

Answer 8

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 9

Two neuron systems

Answer 9

Autonomic motor nerves, one cell body in CNS and one in peripheral ganglia

Question 10

Endoneurium

Answer 10

Connective tissues surrounding each individual nerve

Question 11

Perineurium

Answer 11

Surrounds fascicles of nerves, form blood nerve barrier

Question 12

Epineurium

Answer 12

Surrounds the nerve

Question 13

Peripheral nerve appearance in longitudinal section

Answer 13

Appears to be wavy

Question 14

Schwann cells

Answer 14

Surround every axon, myelinates motor and sensory, does not myelinate autonomic

Question 15

Myelin sheath

Answer 15

Surrounds motor and sensory axons, with the Schwann cell membrane

Question 16

Pseudounipolar neurons

Answer 16

Have one axon that splits to different directions

Question 17

Example of pseudounipolar neurons

Answer 17

Sensory nerves

Question 18

Bipolar neurons

Answer 18

Have one long dendrites and one long axon

Question 19

Examples of bipolar neurons

Answer 19

Sensory nerves and sensory organs, specifically olfactory and retina

Question 20

Multipolar nerves

Answer 20

One long axon and many dendrites coming off of it

Question 21

Examples of multipolar nerves

Answer 21

Somatic motor and visceral motoe

Question 22

Location of sensory nerve cell body

Answer 22

Dorsal root ganglia

Question 23

Blood-nerve barrier

Answer 23

Created by the perineurium, have tight junctions and gap junctions to restrict entry of leukocytes

Question 24

Neurolemma

Answer 24

Schwann cell cytoplasm

Question 25

Neurokeratin

Answer 25

Residual protein components in the myelin sheath following lipid extraction

Question 26

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 26

Area in between Schwann cells, lots of Na+ channels,

Question 27

Saltatory conduction

Answer 27

Signal transduction in neurons that “hop” from one node of ranvier to the next

Question 28

Schmidt-Lanterman incisures

Answer 28

Vertical spaces in the myelin that allow for communication

Question 29

Ganglia

Answer 29

Clusters of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

Question 30

How to tell between sensory and autonomic ganglia

Answer 30

Sensory: Central nucleus with ring of satellite cells completely surrounding it Autonomic: Eccentric nucleus with dispersed satellite cells

Question 31

Enteric ganglia

Answer 31

Enteric plexus that can either be submucosa or surmucosa