Review III Flashcards
(67 cards)
Conducting portion of respiratory system
Trachea, primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, Bronchiole, terminal bronchiole
Respiratory portion of the respiratory system
Respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sac
Trachea recognizable features (3)
C-shaped cartilage, no muscularis mucosa, submucosal glands
Intrapulmonary bronchi features (3)
Cartilage plates, smooth muscle, submucosal glands
Bronchiole features
No cartilage, no glands, no alveoli, club cells
Respiratory bronchiole features
- Openings for alveoli
Alveolar duct
Runs through alveolar sacs
Type I pneumocyte
Long and thin, provide a barrier for gas exchange
Type II alveolar cells
Secrete surfactant, corticosteroids, act as stem cells
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
When neonatal type II cells aren’t active yet, can’t secrete surfactant, collapse
Respiratory epithelium characteristics
Pseudostratified columnar ciliated with goblet cells
Mucociliary clearance
Mucus is cleared by the cilia beating in one direction
Cell types in the glomerulus (3)
- Endothelial (line capillary)
- Mesangial (support cells)
- Podocytes (Foot like processes)
Blood pressure monitoring (2)
- Arterial pressure in the afferent anteriole (juxtamedulary cells)
- Ion concentration in DCT (Macula densa)
Cell types of Juxtaglomerular apparatus (3)
- JG cells
- Macula densa
- Lacis cells
JG cell secretion
Renin
Renin pathway
renin-> cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I-> ACE cleaves to Angiotensin II-> promotes aldosterone secretion from adrenal cortex
Transitional epithelium
Urothelium, in ureters and bladder, resistant to stretching
Developmental origin of anterior pituitary
Oropharynx ectoderm
Developmental origin of posterior pituitary
Neuroectoderm
Pineal gland
Secretes melatonin in dark synthesized from tryptophan
Corpora arenecea
Brain sand, calcifications found in the pineal gland
Beta cells of the pancreas
Insulin producing
Alpha cells of the pancreas
Glucagon producing
