Flashcards in Nervous system Deck (144)
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2
The 'NERVOUS SYSTEM' is separated into 2 'MAJOR SYSTEMS'. What are they?
1. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
2. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
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The 'CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM' contains what 2 major organs?
1. BRAIN
2. SPINAL CORD
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The 'BRAIN' is separated into 2 different types of 'MATTER'.
What are the they?
1. GRAY MATTER
2. WHITE MATTER
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'GRAY MATTER' in the 'CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM' is defined as what?
GRAY MATTER = NERVE CELL BODIES
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'WHITE MATTER' in the 'CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM' is defined as what?
WHITE MATTER = MYELINATED AXONS
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Where is the 'NERVE TRACT' located? In what 'MAJOR NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPONENT'?
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
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The 'NERVE TRACT' which is located in the 'CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM'. Is defined as what?
GROUP OF NERVE FIBERS WITHIN THE 'CNS' THAT HAVE A COMMON ORIGIN/DESTINATION.
(ASCENDING/DESCENDING)
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Where is the 'NERVE TRACT' located?
ONLY IN THE 'CNS'
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The 'NUCLEUS' in regards to the 'CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM' is defined as what?
NUCLEUS = CLUSTER OF 'NERVE CELL BODIES'
*ONLY IN THE 'CNS'
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What is the 'PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM' (PNS) defined as?
(*2 Things)
NERVOUS TISSUE OUTSIDE THE:
1. 'BRAIN'
2. 'SPINAL CORD'
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How many pairs of 'CRANIAL NERVES' are there in the 'PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
12 PAIRS
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How many pairs of 'SPINAL NERVES' are there in the 'PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
31 PAIRS
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In the 'PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM', what is a 'NERVE' defined as?
GROUP OF NERVE FIBERS WITH COMMON ORIGIN/DESTINATION.
1. AFFERENT (SENSORY)
2. EFFERENT (MOTOR)
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'PERIPHERAL SYSTEM NERVES' are separated into 2 types. What are they?
1. AFFERENT (SENSORY)
2. EFFERENT (MOTOR)
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What is a 'GANGLION' defined as? Where is it located?
CLUSTER OF NERVE CELL BODIES
ONLY IN THE 'PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM'
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What is the 'AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM' composed of?
What 2 divisions is it separated into?
COMPOSED OF SPECIFIC STRUCTURES IN THE 'CNS' and 'PNS'.
1. SYMPATHETIC DIVISION
2. PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION
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What are the 2 'STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS' of the 'NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
1. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
2. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
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What are the 2 'FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS' of the 'NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
1. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS)
2. SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (SKELETAL SYSTEM)
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What are the 4 'PRINCIPAL FUNCTIONS' of the 'NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
1. ORIENTATION
2. COORDINATION
3. ASSIMILATION
4. PROGRAMMING
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What is 'CEREBRAL PALSY' and what are the 4 symptoms of it?
ABNORMAL PATHOLOGY OF THE BRAIN
1. PARALYSIS
2. LACK OF COORDINATION
3. MOTOR/SENSORY DYSFUNCTIONS
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What is a 'COMA' defined as?
DEGREE OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS
RESULT MAY BE FROM A MANY NUMBER OF DIFFERENT CAUSES.
23
There are 5 steps taking during a 'NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION'. What are they?
1. MENTAL STATUS/SPEECH
2. CRANIAL NERVES
3. THE MOTOR SYSTEM
4. THE SENSORY SYSTEM
5. REFLEXES
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Someone diagnosed with 'PARAPLEGIA' has what?
PERMANENT PARALYSIS OF 'BOTH' LEGS DUE TO INJURY OR DISEASE OF THE 'SPINAL CORD'
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Someone diagnosed with 'QUADRIPLEGIA' has what?
PERMANENT PARALYSIS OF ARMS 'AND' LEGS DUE TO 'SPINAL CORD' INJURY OR DISEASE.
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What is a 'NEURON' also known as in the 'NERVOUS SYSTEM' terminology?
(*There are 2 names)
1. NERVE CELL
2. NERVE FIBER
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What is a 'NEURON' defined as in the 'NERVOUS SYSTEM'?
STRUCTURAL/FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE 'NERVOUS SYSTEM'
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What is the main function of a 'NEURON'?
CONDUCT IMPULSES TOWARD/AWAY FROM THE 'CELL BODY'
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What are the 3 components to a 'NEURON'?
1. CELL BODY
2. DENDRITES
3. AXONS
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What is the 'CELL BODY' of a 'NEURON' defined as?
What does it contain? (5 things)
ENLARGED PORTION OF THE NEURON
CONTAINS:
1. NUCLEUS
2. NISSL BODIES (ROUGH ER)
3. NEUROFIBRILS (PROTEIN)
4. OTHER ORGANELLES
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