Nervous System Exam 2

Question 1

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord (protected by the skull and spinal column)

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 2

cranial and spinal nerves (somatic) and autonomic nervous system

Question 3

Where do cranial nerves originate?

Answer 3

in the brain

Question 4

Where do spinal nerves originate?

Answer 4

in the spinal cord

Question 5

Where do nerves come out of from the brain to the spinal cord?

Answer 5

the magnum foreamen

Question 6

Forebrain/cerebral hemisphere

Answer 6

outer gray matter (neocortex) and inner white matter of the brain

Question 7

What does the neocortex deal with?

Answer 7

memory and consciousness

Question 8

What does the olfactory bulb deal with?

Answer 8

sense of smell

Question 9

Where is the olfactory bulb located?

Answer 9

forebrain

Question 10

Midbrain/Mesencephalon

Answer 10

visual, auditory, and some olfactory information
-controls the hindbrain sensors

Question 11

Hindbrain is made up of:

Answer 11

the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata

Question 12

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 12

coordinates and regulates motor activities

Question 13

What does the medulla oblongata and pons control?

Answer 13

breathing and linked to emotional and behavioral responses

Question 14

What are the two branches of the somatic nervous system?

Answer 14

motor (efferent) and sensory (afferent)

Question 15

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 15

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 16

What are the two branches of the PNS?

Answer 16

somatic and autonomic

Question 17

Proprioception

Answer 17

your body knows where you are in perspective to the world (ex: clumsy people lack proprioception)

Question 18

What side of the body does the right side of the brain control?

Answer 18

the left side

Question 19

What side of the body does the left side of the brain control?

Answer 19

the right side

Question 20

Sensory nerves

Answer 20

bring info to the brain

Question 21

Motor nerves

Answer 21

brings info from the brain out to the body

Question 22

Can nerves be both sensory and motor?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

Is the olfactory nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 23

sensory

Question 24

Olfactory nerve function

Answer 24

sense of smell

Question 25

Is the optic nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 25

sensory

Question 26

Optic nerve function

Answer 26

vision

Question 27

Is the oculomotor nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 27

motor

Question 28

Oculomotor nerve function

Answer 28

moves eye

Question 29

Is the trochlear nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 29

motor

Question 30

Trochlear nerve function

Answer 30

eye movement

Question 31

Is the trigeminal nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 31

both

Question 32

Trigeminal nerve function

Answer 32

moves lower jaw/lip (herpes virus hides in this ganglia)

Question 33

Is the abducent nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 33

motor

Question 34

Abducent nerve function

Answer 34

abducts the eye

Question 35

Is the facial nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 35

both

Question 36

Is the vestibulocochlear nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 36

sensory

Question 37

Facial nerve function

Answer 37

facial expressions and some taste

Question 38

Vestibulocochlear nerve function

Answer 38

hearing

Question 39

Is the glossopharyngeal nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 39

both

Question 40

Glossopharyngeal nerve function

Answer 40

move pharynx and larynx

Question 41

Is the vagus nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 41

both

Question 42

Vagus nerve function

Answer 42

-basil activities (slows HR, helps with digestions) -activated by acetylcholine

Question 43

Is the spinal accessory nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 43

motor

Question 44

Spinal accessory nerve function

Answer 44

movement of head and neck

Question 45

Is the hypoglossal nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 45

motor

Question 46

Hypoglossal nerve function

Answer 46

movement of tongue

Question 47

What is the spinal cord made up of?

Answer 47

bundles of nerve fibers

Question 48

What is the spinal cords function?

Answer 48

carry messages to and from the brain (the link between the brain and PNS)

Question 49

Where does the spinal cord start/medulla oblongata end?

Answer 49

at the foramen magnum

Question 50

Where does the spinal cord end?

Answer 50

at the sacrum

Question 51

Where is white matter on the spinal cord?

Answer 51

on the outside

Question 52

Where is grey matter on the spinal cord?

Answer 52

on the inside (opposite of brain)

Question 53

What encases the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 53

meninges (3 layers)

Question 54

What helps cushion the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 54

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 55

Dura mater

Answer 55

outermost meninx layer -fibrous consistency

Question 56

Arachnoid

Answer 56

intermediate meninx layer -a little rougher than Pia mater but not as rough as dura mater

Question 57

Subarachnoid space

Answer 57

in between arachnoid and pia mater -contains CSF

Question 58

Pia mater

Answer 58

thinnest meninx layer -closest to brain or spinal cord -very sensitive

Question 59

Meningitis

Answer 59

infection of one of the meninges

Question 60

Epidural

Answer 60

injected into the dura mater

Question 61

CSF

Answer 61

-cushions the brain and spinal cord -gives nutrients to the nervous system

Question 62

Somatic nerves

Answer 62

voluntary (skeletal) movement

Question 63

Sensory (afferent) nerves

Answer 63

messages sent from the body (muscles) to the brain

Question 64

Motor nerves (efferent)

Answer 64

messages sent from the brain to the body (muscles)

Question 65

Autonomic nerves

Answer 65

controls the body's involuntary activities -HR -gut movements -sweating -etc

Question 66

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 66

involved with flight or fight responses -increased HR -increased BP -dry mouth -sweat -dilated pupils -dilated bronchioles -slows gut movements -contracts anal/bladder sphincter

Question 67

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 67

involved with basil functions -"rest and digest" -basil HR -basil RR -gland secretions -etc.

Question 68

Spinal cord segment formula

Answer 68

C6 T18 L6 S5 Cd15-21

Question 69

How does a spinal cord injury heal?

Answer 69

only caudal to the site of the injury