Neuro Flashcards
primary vs secondary HA
primary HAs are recurrent and benign. Secondary is new onset and life threatening
What HA is frequency and bilateral and most common HA
tension HA
What HA is unilateral, aura, recurrent, associated with periods.
migraine
You are thinking migraine, but you find focal neurological findings, what must be ruled out?
stroke
patient can’t stay still, male patient, horrible pain, tearing, sweating, ptosis and miosis, all symptoms are unilateral, what type of HA
Cluster
thunder clamp HA
subarachnoid
tx for HA
dopamine agonist (
route to giving medications for HA
IV is faster than IM, IM is faster than oral
treat for HA
O2(higher concentration the better) or intranasal lidocaine
HA preventions
Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, Antihypertensives
Ischemic stroke is what color on CT
black
hemorrhagic stroke is what color on CT
white
What type of stroke is known for headache?
hemorrhagic
sudden onset of L arm, what artery
right side middle cerebral artery
sudden onset of L leg, what artery
right side anterior cerebral artery
treatment for hemorrhagic stroke
ABC, lower BP, reverse anticoagulopathy, Lower ICP.
how do you lower ICP with hemorrhagic stroke
mannitol, hyperventilation, burr hole
ischemic stroke management
ABC, Fibrinolysis (break up clots), Lower ICP
general stroke management (ischemic)
head of bed at 30 degrees, NPO, bed rails up, ASA, (allow BP to be a little high in ischemic stroke), no hypotonic fluids, control fever, control blood sugar, stop from getting blood clots.
what are the five Ds of a posterior stroke?
Dizziness (vertigo)
- Diplopia
- Dysarthria
- Dysphagia
- Dysmetria
one side of the face and the opposite side of the body if affects. where is the stroke?
posterior circulation / vertebral/basilar system
A patient presents with the ability to produce fluent speech, though the words and sentence structures do not make sense. In which of the following areas of the brain is the defect occurring?
Wernicke’s aphasia (’Receptive aphasia’) occurs when the area of the brain that organizes speech is affected. The patient retains the ability to produce speech, but is unable to organize it into comprehensive language.
patient presents with loss of the left visual field in each eye. What is the most likely location for the lesion
Lesions in the right optic tract will cause a left homonymous hemianopsia.
most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage
aneurysm due to HTN