Flashcards in neuro exam Deck (22):
1
characteristics of pain and temperature sensory nerves
- small and slow
- many unmyelinated
- synapse with spinothalamic tract
2
characteristics of nerves for well localized touch and pressure, and conscious proprioception
- large
- heavily myelinated
- dorsal column, medial lemniscus
3
nerves for unconscious proprioception
- muscle stretch (spindles)
- tension (tendon organ)
- heavily myelinated
- contribute to reflexes and go to cerebellum
4
how does polyneuropathy present in a sensory exam?
stocking and glove
5
hemianesthesia indicates damage to...
spinal tracts, thalamus, cortex
6
what is brown-sequard syndrome?
hemisection of spinal cord affecting dorsal column/medial lemniscus sensory tracts and the corticospinal motor tracts
7
suspended or "vest like" loss of sensory function indicates
intramedullary lesion
8
dorsal great toe nerve root
L5
9
lateral heel nerve root
S1
10
below medial knee nerve root
L4
11
near thumb nerve root
C6
12
middle finger never root
C7
13
small digit nerve root
C8
14
in general, damage to single nerve roots....
does not cause sensory loss, due to overlap
15
where is the affected area in the brain when experiencing tactile agnosia
- sensory association area
- parietal lobe
16
motor function scale
1-5
1 - no contraction
2 - contraction but no movement
3 - movement but only barely against gravity
4 - movement against gravity and some resistance
5 - normal
17
two types of reflexes
- myotatic (deep tendon) - increased with upper motor neuron damage
- superficial - require upper motor neurons to be intact (normal plantar, cremaster, abdominal)
18
what does it mean when babinski is present?
- upgoing toes
- upper motor neuron damage
19
what is muscle spasticity? what does it indicate?
- does not give way
- upper motor neuron damage
20
what is muscle rigidity? what does it indicate?
- inflexibility or stiffness that gives way
- extrapyramidal dysfunction
21
what does muscle flaccidity indicate?
- lower motor neuron damage
22