Neuroanatomy- CNS hindbrain

Question 1

what brain structures does the hindbrain/rhombencephalon consist of?

Answer 1

cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons

Question 2

the medulla oblongata and pons of the hindbrain are also components of the __ and control the body’s __ __

Answer 2

brainstem; vital functions

Question 3

what are the general functions of the cerebellum

Answer 3

movement coordination and maintaining balance

Question 4

what subdivision of the hindbrain is the cerebellum apart of?

Answer 4

metencephalon

Question 5

where is the cerebellum located?

Answer 5

at the posterior brain below the occipitals

Question 6

what is the cerebellum separated from the cerebrum by?

Answer 6

tentorium

Question 7

the tentorium separates the __ from the __

Answer 7

cerebellum from the cerebrum

Question 8

what functions (4) is the cerebellum responsible for?

Answer 8

fine tuning of movement
maintaining posture and balance through control of muscle tone and positioning of the extremities in space
controls the ability to perform rapid, alternating movements

Question 9

what brain structure is responsible for the fine tuning of movement?

Answer 9

cerebellum

Question 10

what brain structure is responsible for the ability to perform rapid, alternating movements?

Answer 10

cerebellum

Question 11

what brain structure is responsible for maintaining posture and balance through control of muscle tone and joint positioning in space?

Answer 11

cerebellum

Question 12

the cerebellum consists of..

Answer 12

2 hemispheres of gray matter that is divided into the anterior, posterior an flocculonodular lobes

Question 13

the cerebellum consists of __ matter

Answer 13

gray matter

Question 14

name the three lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 14

anterior
posterior
flocculonodular

Question 15

the __ ventricle lies anterior to the 3 lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 15

fourth

Question 16

damage to one side of the cerebellum will produce __ impairment to the body

Answer 16

ipsilateral

Question 17

depending on the area, what kind of impairments (8) can a cerebellar lesion produce?

Answer 17

ataxia
nystagumus
tremor
hypermetria
poor coordination
postural reflex deficits
balance deficits
equilibrium deficits

Question 18

hypermetria

Answer 18

neurological condition characterized by overshooting the intended target during voluntary movement

Question 19

lesion to what brain structure may result in ataxia, tremor, poor coordination and/or hypermetria?

Answer 19

cerebellum

Question 20

lesion to what brain structure may result in nystagmus?

Answer 20

cerebellum

Question 21

lesion to what brain structure may result in balance deficits, equilibrium and/or postural reflex deficits?

Answer 21

cerebellum

Question 22

what subdivision of the hindbrain is the pons apart of?

Answer 22

metencephalon

Question 23

where is the pons located?

Answer 23

below the midbrain and superior to the medulla oblongata

Question 24

what functions does the pons assist with?

Answer 24

regulation of respiratory rate
associated with orientation of the head in relation to visual and auditory stimuli

Question 25

the pons is associated with head __ in relation to __ and __ stimuli

Answer 25

orientation; visual and auditory stimuli

Question 26

what cranial nerves originate from the pons?

Answer 26

CN V-VIII

Question 27

what brain structure assists in regulation of respiratory rate and is associated with orientation of the head in relation to auditory and visual stimuli?

Answer 27

pons

Question 28

what brain structure do CN V-VIII originate from?

Answer 28

pons

Question 29

what subdivision od the hindbrain is the medulla oblongata apart of?

Answer 29

myelencephalon

Question 30

what shape is the medulla oblongata?

Answer 30

cone shaped

Question 31

what structures does the medulla oblongata connect to? and in what directions?

Answer 31

connects to the pons superiorly and the spinal cord inferiorly

Question 32

the surface of the medulla oblongata is composed of __ matter and the interior is composed of __ matter

Answer 32

white; gray

Question 33

what functions (6) is the medulla oblongata involved in?

Answer 33

autonomic nervous activity regulation of respiration regulation of heart rate control of arousal control of sleep relaying somatic sensory info from internal organs

Question 34

within the medulla oblongata, reflex centers for __, __ and __ are found

Answer 34

vomiting, coughing and sneezing

Question 35

what brain structure relays somatic sensory info from internal organs?

Answer 35

medulla oblongata

Question 36

what brain structure controls arousal and sleep?

Answer 36

medulla oblongata

Question 37

what brain structure regulates respiratory rate and heart rate as well as autonomic nervous activity?

Answer 37

medulla oblongata

Question 38

what cranial nerves originate from the medulla oblongata?

Answer 38

CN IX, X, XI, XII

Question 39

CN IX, X, XI and XII originate from what brains structure?

Answer 39

the medulla oblongata

Question 40

what brain structure has reflex centers for vomiting, coughing and sneezing?

Answer 40

medulla oblongata

Question 41

damage to motor tracks crossing within the medulla produce what type of imapairment?

Answer 41

contralateral