Northern Spain Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
What is Vino Tostado?
A
Sweet wine produced by air dried grapes in Ribeiro DO and Valdeorras
Ribeiro:
Only recommended grape varieties permitted
Min. must weight of 350 g/l
Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l
Vino Tostado: min. 6 months in oak or cherry cask and at least 3 months in bottle
Wines labelled “Barrica” must spend at least a portion of their maturation in casks no larger than 600 Liters
- Vino Tostado Blanco: Treixadura, Loureiro, Torrontés, Albariño, Godello
- Vino Tostado Tinto: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón
Valdeorras:
Vino Tostado:
Grapes must be dried for a minimum of 90 days
Max. yields: 40 liters per 100 kg grapes
2
Q
When was Bierzo DO established?
A
1989
3
Q
What are the sub-regions of Rias Baixas DO? (North to South)
A
Ribeira do Ulla Val do Salnes Soutomaior Contado do Tea O’Rosal
4
Q
What is the river of Cigales DO?
A
Pisuerga River
5
Q
What are the DO along the Duero River?
A
Ribera del Duero Rueda Toro Tierra de Zamora Arribes
6
Q
Who founded Vega Sicilia? When?
A
Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves in 1864
7
Q
What are the req for O’ Rosal sub-zone
A
must be at least 70% combined Albariño & Loureiro
8
Q
What is the max barrel size for the maturation of the Crianza / Reserva / Gran Reserva wines in Ribera? Rioja?
A
330L / 225L
9
Q
What are ABV req of Monterrei DO?
A
- White: 11% ABV for classic - White Barrica & ageing req: 11,5% ABV - Red: 11% ABV for Classic - Red Barrica + Ageing req: 12% ABV
10
Q
What are the VCIG of Castilla y Leon?
A
- Sierra de Salamanca
- Valles de Benavente
- Valtiendas
- Cebreros
11
Q
name some highly regarded villages of RdD?
A
Peñafel
Aranda del Duero
San Esteban de Gormaz
Pesquera del Duero
Quintanilla (pingus)
Roa de Duero
La Horra
Pedrosa
12
Q
What are the DO of Galicia, and their subzones where applicable? styles of wine amde in each?
A
- Rias Baixas (W/RE/Spark): min abv for Albarino is 11.3%, Blanco barrica is aged a min of 3 months in wood
- Val do Salnés/Ribeira do Ulla: min. 70% recommended white grapes
- O Rosal: min. 70% combined Albariño and Loureira
- Condado do Tea: min. 70% combined Albariño and Treixadura
-Ribeiro (w/re/tostado/spark/castes): (no subzones but makes vino tostado aged a min of 6 months in oak or cherry and 3 in bottle, see additional requirements below)
- Only recommended grape varieties permitted
- Min. must weight of 350 g/l
- Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
- Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l
- Ribeira Sacra (w/re/summ/ro) : (summum means 85% princ grapes)
- Amandi
- Chantada
- Ribeiras do Mino
- Ribeiras do Sil
- Quiroga-Bibei
- Valdeorras: (w/re/castes nobles/spark/tostado) Where varietal Godello (100%) and varietal Mencia (85%) are prominate. Castes Nobles means 85% pref grapes
- Monterrei: (w/re) Godello, Mencia, and Marenzao (Trousseau/Bastardo)
- Vall de Monterrei
- Ladera de Monterrei
13
Q
What is the first vintage of Dominio de Pingus? Who’s producing it?
A
1995 Peter Sisseck La Horra Tempranillo french oak barrel rather than US
15
Q
Can Rias Baixas DO produce some red wine? Precise the GV
A
Yes Recommended GV: Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Loureira Tinta, Sousón Authorized: Mencía, Brancellao
16
Q
Name some leading winemakers of Ribera del Duero?
A
- Vega Sicilia - Pesquera - Peter Sisseck: Dominio de Pingus - Bodega Hermano
17
Q
Where is Rias Baixas?
A
Galicia - Spain
18
Q
What is the partnership between Vega Sicilia and Rothschild family?
A
Macan: Rioja Located in San Millán
19
Q
What DO of Castilla y Leon are not moderated by the Duero River
A
Bierzo
Cigales
Terra de Leon
Arlanza (arlanza river)
20
Q
What is the climate of Rueda DO?
A
flat highland (700-800m): – long & cold winters – short springs: spring frost – dry & hot summers
21
Q
What are the ageing req for Toro DO
A
Only available for Tinto wines Crianza: 2 years, inc 6 mth in oak Reserva: 3 years, inc 12 mth in oak Gran Reserva: 5 years, inc 18 mth in oak (max 330L)
22
Q
What style of wine are produced in Rueda DO? From what GV?
A
- Blanco: min. 50% principal varieties
- Rosado: min. 50% authorized red varieties
- Tinto: exclusively from authorized varieties
- Vino Espumoso: min. 75% principal white varieties
- Vino Espumoso Rosado: min. 50% principal red varieties
- Rueda Palido (Pale): 100% combined Palomino Fino and/or Verdejo (fortified)
- Rueda Dorado (Golden): 100% combined Palomino Fino and/or Verdejo (fortified)
White Grapes:
Principal: Verdejo, Sauvignon Blanc
Authorized: Viura, Palomino Fino, Viognier, Chardonnay
Red Grapes:
Authorized: Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Garnacha Tinta, Syrah.
23
Q
What are the red GV of Monterrei DO?
A
Min 60% Recommended Red Grapes
Recommended: Mencia, Merenzao (Bastardo/Trousseau)
Authorized: Caiño Tinto, Sousón, Araúxa (Tempranillo)
26
Q
What is the climate of Ribeira Sacra DO?
A
Slightly more continental than Rias Baixas, with maritime influences
28
Q
When the Arribes DO has been established?
A
2007
29
What is the soil type of Cigales DO?
Clay base with pebbles sub-soil (similar to CdP)
30
When was the DO established in Cigales?
1991
31
What does mean VCIG in Spain?
Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica Is a step between Vino de la Tierra, and application to be DO
33
What are the DO of Castilla y Leon Autonomia?
- Arlanza DO - Arribes DO - Bierzo DO - Cigales DO - Ribera del Duero DO - Tierra de León DO - Tierra del Vino Zamora DO - Toro DO - Rueda DO
34
What are the red GV of Ribeira Sacra? percentages?
Two tinto styles
* min. 70% Mencia
* Súmmum: 85% principal grapes
Principal: Mencía, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto
Authorized: Garnacha Tintorera, Mouratón, Tempranillo
35
what is the western most DO of Castilla y Leon?
Arribes DO: along the Portuguese Border
1. Blanco: min. 60% Malvasía
2. Rosado: min. 60% recommended red varieties, plus other white and/or red varieties
3. Tinto: min. 60% recommended red varieties
Blanco:
* Recommended: Malvasía
* Authorized: Verdejo, Albilla
Tinto:
* Recommended: Juan García, Rufete, Tempranillo
* Authorized: Mencía, Garnacha
Min ABV
Blanco/Rosado/Tinto: 11.5%
Tinto Crianza/Reserva/Gran Reserva: 12.2%
36
Where is located Fariña winery?
Toro DO Dama de Toro Reserva (prestige cuvee) -- 100% Tinto de Toro
37
Where is Olivier Riviere Located?
Rioja
38
What is Dorado?
- fortified wine produced in Rueda. - - Must be aged in oak barrel for 2 years - 4 years total (showing oxidised character) Min 15% ABV 100% combined palomino fino and/or verdejo
39
What is "Castes Nobles"?
wine style from Valdeorras DO made with min 85% of recommend GV - White or red
40
Where is Ribeiro DO?
Galicia - Spain
42
What style of wine is Toro DO? GV?
Blanco: 100% authorized white grape
Rose: 100% authorized red/white grapes
Tinto: - 75% Tinto del Toro or a min 85% Garnacha
Blanco
Rec: Verdejo, Malvasia
Auth: Albillo Real, Muscat BPG
Tinto:
Recommended: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)
Authorized: Garnacha
43
# Style of wine and location of the following:
**Bierzo DO**
**Castilla y Leon** - Spain
* **Blanco**: Doña Blanca, Godello + *Malvasia, Palomino*
* **Rosado**: 70% authorized red varieties
* **Tinto**: 85% authorized red varieties plus authorized white grapes
* **Vino Clarete**: 40%-60% red grapes plus authorized white grapes, grapes do direct to press except 5 to 10% destemmed grapes which are included in fermentation.
**Authorized Grapes:**
* Blanco: Doña Blanca, Godello, Malvasía Riojana, Palomino
* Tinto: Mencía, Garnacha Tintorera, Esaldiña, and/or Merenzao
44
what is the smallest sub-region of Rias Baixas DO?
Soutomaior
45
Explain sparkling wines from Rueda?
- Made by traditional method, with 9 mth ageing OTL (On the Lees) -
1. 75% Principal white grapes for blanco and
2. 50% Principal red grapes for rosato
3. Min 9.5% ABV
4. "Gran Añada" 36 months of age on lees prior to disgorgement (starts with the 2020 vintage)
46
What are the synonyms of Mencia?
Jaen, & Fernao Pires in Portugal
47
What are the autonomias of Green Spain?
Galicia Asturias Cantabria Pais Vasco
48
What are the wine produced under the Ribeiro DO?
* Espumoso (Traditional Method) Blanco and Rosado
* Blanco & Blanco Castes
* Tinto & Tinto Castes
* Barrica Blanco & Tinto
* Vino Tostado (dried grape wine)
* Vino Tostado Blanco: Treixadura, Loureiro, Torrontés, Albariño, Godello
* Vino Tostado Tinto: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón
49
What wine are produced in Arlanza? GV? Where is it located?
Castilla Y Leon
Styles Produced:
1. Blanco
2. Rosado: 50-100% Tinta del País, plus other red or white authorized grapes
3. Tinto: 50-100% Tinta del País
Authorized Grapes:
* Blanco:
* Albilla, Viura
* Tinto:
* Recommended: Tinta del País (Tempranillo)
* Authorized: Garnacha, Mencía, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Merlot
50
What is the soil type & topography of Arribes?
Located on the bank of the Duero river, on vineyard slopes. Based on Granite and Quartz pebbles
51
Where is Toro DO?
Castilla y Leon
52
What are the communes of production to Valdeorras?
A Rúa, Larouco, O Barco, O Bolo, Petín, Rubiá, Vilamartín
55
What are the vine influences of Ribeira Sacra DO?
1. Cantabrians Mountains range
2. Miño & Sil River
3. Atlantic Ocean
56
What is the soil type of Ribeira Sacra DO?
Mainly granitic & slates based
57
What are the white GV of Valdeorras?
Preferred: Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado
Authorized: Palomino
58
What is the river influencing Monterrei DO?
Tamega River
59
When was Ribeiro upgraded to DO?
1932
60
What are the different estates of Vega Sicilia SA?
Vega Sicilia: Ribera del Duero Pintia: Toro Macan: Rioja Alion: Ribera del Duero Oremus: Tokay
61
What are the ageing req for red Rioja?
- Crianza: 24 mth total: 12 mth barrels & 12 bottle - Reserva: 36 mth total: 12 mth barrels & 24 bottle - Gran Reserva: 60 mth total: 24 barrels & 24 mth bottles
63
What is the mountain range along Ribeira Sacra DO?
Cantabrians Mountain
64
What are the white grapes of Monterrei DO?
- Recommend: Godello, Treixadura, Dona Blanca - Authorized: Albariño, Blanca de Monterrei, Loureira, Caiño Blanco
65
When was Monterrei upgrade to DO?
1996
67
Where would you find the Cordillera Catabrica?
Near valdeorras and Bierzo
68
what is the soil type in Ribeiro DO?
Slit and sandy soil
69
What are the req of Vino Tostado?
* **Additional Requirements for Vino Tostado:**
* Only recommended grape varieties permitted
* Min. must weight of 350 g/l
* Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
* Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l- 13% ABV min - Grapes must be dried for 3 mth min // Must weight: 300 g/L RS:
* Vino Tostado: min. 6 months in oak or cherry cask and at least 3 months in bottle
* Tostado: min. 20.6% potential, 13% acquired
70
What are the synonym of the Tempranillo GV?
Toro: Tinto del Toro Ribero del Duero: Tinto del Pais La Mancha: Cencibel Monterrei: Arauxa Catalunia: Ull del Llebre Protugal: Aragonez, Tinta Roriz, Aramont.
71
What style of wine are produced in Ribeira Sacra?
Tinto: min. 70% Mencia
Rosado: Min 85% Principal red Grapes
Súmmum: 85% principal grapes
Blanco Barrica & Garda
Tinto Barrica & Garda
72
When was Valdeorras DO created?
1945
73
what is the min alcohol content for red Ribera del Duero?
11,5% ABV
74
What wine are produced in Arribes? GV? Where is it located?
Castilla y Leon Blanco: 60% Malvasia min + Verdeja, Albilla Rosado / Tinto: 60% combined Juan García, Rufete & Tempranillo + Mencia & Garnacha
75
What style of wine can be produce in Monterrei DO?
White & red still wine
76
Is Rias Baixas able to produce Barrica wine on the regulations?
Yes the wine must spent 3 mth in oak barrel (no bigger than 600L)
77
When was Rueda DO approved?
1980: First recognised DO in Castilla y Leon
78
What are the wine style produced in Valdeoras?
Styles Produced:
1. Blanco
2. Tinto
3. Espumoso: Min. 85% Godello
4. Tostado: Godello and authorized red grapes
5. Varietal Godello (100% variety) and Mencía (min. 85% variety)
6. Valdeorras "Castes Nobles" (Blanco and Tinto): Min. 85% preferred varieties
7. Barrica, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva: white or red wines
_Blanco Grapes:_
* Preferred: Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado
* Authorized: Palomino
_Tinto Grapes:_
Recommended: Mencía, Tempranillo, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Ferrón
Authorized: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicante Bouschet), Gran Negro, Mouratón
79
What are the req for Contado do Tea sub-zone?
Min 70% Abariño & Treixadura combined
80
What does mean Barrica in Ribeira Sacra DO?
- white: ageing for a min of 3 mth in wood (no more than 600L each) - Red: 6 mth ageing in 600L wood barrels min
81
What does mean Rias in spanish?
estuaries Rias Baixas means: Low estuaries
82
What are the rivers located along Ribeiro DO?
Barbatino, Avia, Arnoia, Miño: Hill slopes vineyard
83
Where is Ribeira Sacra
Galicia - Spain
84
When was Rias Baixas upgrade to DO?
1988
85
Is carbonic maceration authorised in Toro DO?
Yes, often use for joven wine, base on fruit
86
What are the unofficial sub-region of Ribera del Duero?
Soria: coolest and highest Burgos: hub of the region's activities Valladolid: warmer climate Sogovia: tiny area
87
What is Viejo
Vino de la Mesa Min 36 mth ageing, wine must show an marked oxidative character
88
What is Añejo?
Vino de la Mesa Min 24 mth ageing in cask of less 600L or bottle
89
Where is Valdeorras DO?
Galicia - Spain
90
What are the alcohol range in Bierzo DO?
* Blanco: 11.5%
* Rosado/Clarete/Tinto: 12%
91
What are the sub-regions of Monterrei DO?
- Ledera de Monterrei: slopes of Monterrei - Valle de Monterrei:
92
What are the red GV of Valdeorras?
- Recommend: Mencia, Merenzao, Sousón, Muraton, Brancellao - Authorised: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicante Bouschet), Gran Negro, Tempranillo, Negreda
93
When was created the DO/DOCa system in Spain?
1988
94
What is Araúxa?
Is a synonym or Tempranillo in Monterrei DO
95
What is Súmmum? Where could you find it?
* Súmmum: 85% principal grapes / Ribeira Sacra DO
96
What are the GV req for Ribeira do Ulla & Val do Salnes?
70% combined Albariño, Loureira, Treixadura, Caiña blanca + Torrontes, Godella
97
When was Ribera del Duero DO established
1982
98
What is the soil type of Rueda DO?
Mainly alluvial plain and flood terraces on the Duero River: grey brown clay, some limestone in higher slopes
99
What is the river of Valdeorras located on?
Sil River
100
What are the sub-zones of Ribeira Sacra DO?
Amandi, Chantada, Quiroga-Bebei, Rebeira do Mino, Ribeira do Sil
101
who's producing PSI? What is it?
Peter Sisseck in Ribera del Duero Biodynamic farming created with the 2007 vintage
102
What are the ageing req for white Rioja?
* Crianza Blanco/Rosado: min. 18 months, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder may be in bottle, oak or stainless steel)
* Reserva Blanco/Rosado: min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
* Gran Reserva Blanco/Rosado: min. 4 years, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
104
What is Noble?
Vino de la Mesa: Min 18 mth ageing in cask of less than 600L or bottle
105
what are the different soil type in Rias Baixas DO?
Ribeira do Ullas: mainly alluvial - Val do Salnes / Soutomaior / O' Rosal: alluvial over a granitic base - Contado do Tea: Both Granit & slates on surface over a granitic sub-soil
106
Why is Cigales DO know for?
Rosado wine
107
What is the second label of Dominio de Pingus?
Flor de Pingus
108
What are the alcohol req in Ribeiro DO?
Vino Espumoso: 10%(9% for the base wine)
Blanco: 9.5%
Blanco Castes: 11%
Tinto: 9.5%
Tinto Castes: 11%
Barrica: 12% (Tinto and Blanco)
Tostado: min. 20.6% potential, 13% acquired
109
Who's producing Macan?
Is a partnership between Vega Sicilia SA & Benjamin de Rothschild Rioja
110
What is the grapes real for a red Ribera del Duero DO?
* Tinto: min. 95% authorized red grapes with a min. 75% Tinta del País / Tinto Fino
* **Authorized Grapes:**
* Recommended: Tinta del País / Tinto Fino (Tempranillo)
* Authorized: Garnacha, Malbec, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Albillo Mayor
111
What wine are produced in Ribera del Duero DO? GV? Where is it located?
* Blanco: min. 75% Albillo Mayor
* Rosado or Clarete: min. 50% authorized red varieties
* Tinto: min. 95% authorized red grapes with a min. 75% Tinta del País / Tinto Fino
112
What is the famous Rioja winemaker based in Rueda DO?
Marques de Riscal: - Bodega Herederos del Marques de Riscal
113
What vcig of Spain applied for DO status in (2018)? Where is it located?
Cangas / Asturias Region (Green Spain)
* Principal White Grapes: Albarín
* Secondary White Grapes: Albillo Mayor, Godello, Gewürztraminer, Moscatel de Granos Menudo (Muscat à Petits Grains), Picapoll Blanco
* Principal Red Grapes: Albarín Tinto, Carrasquín, Verdejo Negro, Mencía
* Secondary Red Grapes: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicant Bouschet), Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah
114
Where is Cangas VCIG located? When was it upgraded?
Asturias - Green Spain
115
What are the DO of the Aragon autonomia?
Somontano DO Catalayud DO Cariñena DO Campo de Borja DO
116
Where is located Somontano DO?
Aragon - Spain
117
Where is located Catalayud DO?
Aragon - Spain
118
Where is located Cariñena DO?
Aragon - Spain
119
Where is located Campa de Borja DO?
Aragon - Spain
120
Where is Pago de Aylés located? When was it upgraded?
Cariñena DO 2011
121
When was Cariñena DO grated as DO?
1932 - One of the oldest DO in Spain
122
What are the grapes allowed in Cariñena DO?
* Blanco:
* Principal: Chardonnay, Garnacha Blanca, Macabeo
* Secondary: Parallada, Moscatel de Alejandría, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo
* Tinto:
* Principal: Cariñena (Mazuela), Garnacha Tinta, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, Tempranillo
* Secondary: Juan Ibáñez, Monastrell, Vidadillo
123
What is the soil type of Cariñena DO?
**:** predominantly Miocene clay soils, with gravel, brown limestone, and slate Medium altitude: 400-800m Cierzo wind flow here
124
What is the Cierzo wind? Where would you find it?
In central Spain (Aragon mainly) Dry air from the Pyrenees mountains: cold
125
What is the main GV for the Campo de Borja DO? What style of wine?
Red wine represents 95% of the production here Garnacha is the king, along Tempranillo, CS, Merlot, Syrah & Mazuela
126
What is the synomym of Mazuelo?
Carignan: France - Languedoc Cariñana: Spain - Aragon, Samso: Catalunya
127
What are the sub-region of Navarra?
- Terra de Estrella
- Valdizarbe Baja Montaña
- Ribera Alta
- Ribera Baja
128
Name the DO Pago from Navarra?
Pago de Otazu - 2009 Pago de Arinzano - 2009 Pago de Prado de Irache Finca Bollandin - 2011
129
Where is located Pago de Otazu?
Navarra 2009
130
Name all **3 DOs** of the **Basque County** of Spain?
* **Arabako Txakolina**: *2001*
* **Bizkaiko Txakolina***: 1994*
* **Getariako Txakolina**: *1989*
131
What was the first demarcated DO of the Basque County of Spain?
When was it?
Getariako Txakolina
*Received its DO statut in 1989*
132
What is **Ojo de Gallo**?
Where is this wine a local speciality?
* This is a **Rosato wine** from the Basque county, mostly produced under the **Bizkaiko Txakolina DO**
* The final blend must a minimum of **50% Hondarrabi Beltza**
133
# Style of wine and grape varieties of the following:
**Getariako Txakolina DO**
**Bianco**: **Hondarrabi Zuri** + Hondarrabi Zelta Zerratia, Izkiriota, Riesling, chardonnay
**Tinto**: Hondarrabi Beltza
**Rosato**: minimum 50% Hondarrabi Beltza
Late harvest and Espumoso are also produced here
134
# Style of wine and grape varieties of the following:
**Bizkaiko Txakolina**
* **Bianco**: Hondarrabi Zelta, *Hondarrabi Zelta Zerratia, Izkiriota, Izkiriota Ttippia, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc*
* **Tinto**: Hondarrabi Beltza
* **Rosato**: minimum 50% Hondarrabi Beltza
* ***Late harvest and Espumoso are also produced here***
## Footnote
*Same varieties than the Arabako Txakolina DO*
135
What is the wine region across the Portuguese border along Rias Baixas?
Minho IGP Vinho Verde DOP
136
What mountain range protectors ribeiro from Atlantic influence? What rivers influence viticulture in Bierzo?
Sierra del Suido
Cua/Sil/Tremor
137
Name 2 DOs producing Verdejo based wines
Rueda and Cigalas.
Cigalas DO specs:
Blanco: min. 50% Verdejo
Rosado: min. 50% recommended red and white varietals
Tinto: min. 50% recommended red varietals
Vino Dulce: (Blanco, Rosado and Tinto): min. 50% recommended red and white varietals
Vino Espumoso: min. 50% recommended red and white varietals
***_Authorized Grapes:_***
_Blanco Recommended:_ Verdejo
_Authorized:_ Albillo, Viura, Sauvignon Blanc
_Tinto Recommended:_ Tinta del País (Tempranillo), Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Gris
_Authorized:_ Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah
138
What are the main hazards of Cigales?
Drought and spring frost
139
What are the req for Arribes vino roble?
Wine must be aged for 3 mth min in oak
140
What are the white GV of Ribeira Sacra
Blanco:
Principal: Albariño, Godello, Treixadura, Loureira, Torrontés, Dona Branca
141
What is the soil type of Valdeorras DO?
Slates, Granite, Calcareous Clay, Argilo-Ferrous, Alluvial soils
142
What is the other name of Garnacha Tintorera?
Alicante Bouschet
143
What percentage of Bierzo vines are over 60 years old?
80%
144
What is the min % of Albarino if is labelled as varietal in Rias Baixas DO?
100%: no blend
145
What are the GV for Vino Tostado?
White: Treixadura, Torrontes, Albariño, Godello Red: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón
146
For white rioja, what grapes is the vine training method ‘Double Guyot’ not allowed?
Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca
147
Gran Vino de Rueda wines must be made from at least vines from what age?
30 year old vines
148
Name 5 synonyms for tempranillo (not using Tinto/Tinta)
Araúxa
**Ull de Llebre**
Ojo de Liebre
**Cencibel**
**Aragonez**
**Tinto Fino**
**Tinta del Pais**
**Tinta Roriz**
149
Name two DOs focusing in Verdejo.
Rueda / Cigales / Leon / Toro
150
Where would you find Prieto Pecundo? Name its main blending partner.
Leon DO Raul Perez
Mencia
151
Average rainfall of Ribera del Duero
17in
152
What mountain range makes the Ribera Baja so hot and dry? What’s the most planted au region of Navarra?
Sierra del Moncayo
Ribera Alta
153
What is Carinena/Carignan called in rioja?
Mazuelo
154
Name three wineries around haro.
Lopez / La Rioja Alta / CVNE
155
What are mallas and what are they used for and where are they associated with?
The Rioja region had begun to experience fraud, prompting the application of wire cages (or *mallas*) to bottles to guarantee authenticity.
156
First Consejo Regulador est. in Spain?
Rioja
157
What two bdx winemakers are credited for bringing french oak to Rioja?
Emile Peynaud (Marqués de Cáceres) / Michel Rolland (palacios)
158
La Rioja [DOCa](https://www.guildsomm.com/research/compendium/w/spain/312/rioja-doca) in fact traverses four autonomous communities. What are they?
La Rioja, Pais Vasco, Castilla y Leon, Navarra
159
Name four things moderate and influence Riojas climate?
Cantabrian Range (protects northern side from atlantice cold winds) , Ebro, Atlantic (west side,) Mediterranean (east side,) Yerga mountains (orientale)
160
What two ebro tributaries influence La RIoja Alta?
The Oja and Najerilla / jubera/ iregua Rivers
161
Why is grenache more condusive in Orientale?
Warmer mediterranean influce coupled with the moderating elevation provided by the yerga mountains.
162
Name a producer of 100% tempranillo based in rioja
Artadi
163
Trousseau synonyms in spain (3 of them)
Name three DO's it's used in
Marenzao / Bastardo / Maturana Tinto
Rioja / Ribera Sacra / Valdeorras / Monterrei
164
Tosca Cerrada/Basta / Tosca Barajuelas / antehojuelas / Lentejuelas are the four noble sub types of what soil type?
albariza
**Tosca Cerrada/Basta** is a very tough type of albariza with a slightly more grey tint, lower chalk levels (50-60%) than the purer Antehojuelas and a cement-like solidity (hence cerrada or closed).
**Tosca Barajuelas** contains the highest amount of diatoms and around 60-70% of limestone. It shows clear horizontal layering of white lines (chalk), sometimes mixed with layers of ochre (containing hydrated iron oxide and clay). The laminated structure makes it necessary for the roots of the vines to work harder if they want to grow. This results in lower production and grapes with a thicker skin.
The **antehojuelas** subtype is a rather loose, crumbly and porous type of albariza. It is easy to work and its structure will act as a sponge to store rainwater in winter. It’s soft when wet, but it forms hard lumps when dry. **Lentejuelas** contains more limestone and a bit more sand and is generally even easier to work. These types of pure albariza typically lead to a very fresh but uncompromising wine, with a sharp finesse and often a relatively high acidity. Direct, vertical wines, if you like, and classic Finos / Manzanillas.
165
In regards to sherry, what is desfangado?
racking the wine off the tartaric deposits to clarify it before fermentation
166
Explain how the 'flor' sherry forms/survives
flor arrives to metabolize glycerin, alcohol, and volatile acids in the wine. Humid air carried on the poniente wind, a moderate temperature between 60°-70° F, an absence of fermentable sugars, and a particular level of alcoholic strength (15-15.5% abv) are prerequisites for the development of flor. As flor requires contact with oxygen, it forms a film on the surface of the wine that will protect the liquid from oxidation. The flor grows vigorously in the spring and autumn months, forming a frothy white veil over the wine’s surface; in the heat and cold of the summer and winter it thins and turns gray.
167
What are the two divergent paths wines of sherry take? how are they indicated?
Two divergent paths of biological and oxidative aging divide Sherry wines. At the conclusion of fermentation, the wine is classified: each tank is either classified as palo and marked with a vertical slash, or as gordura, marked with a circle. Wines marked as palo are fortified to 15-15.5% abv and are destined to become the more delicate Fino or Manzanilla styles. Wines marked as gordura are fortified to 17-18%—a high level of alcohol that will not permit the growth of flor—and will become Oloroso Sherries.
168
Name the three vinos de pagos added in 2022
Dehesa Peñalba - Castilla y León
Bolandin - Navarra (Ribera Baja)
Abadía-Retuerta Castilla y León - outside of RdD
169
what % of fruit must come from the stated area of a Vino de la Tierra?
Vino de la tierra is viewed as a PGI by the EU meaning that 85% of the fruit must come from the stated area
170
How long must a vcig wait to apply for DO status? Before applying for pago status how long must a producer wait?
5 years / 10 years
171
soil of rueda? is verdejo a thick skin grape?
Limestone and gravel / thick skin early budding and early/med ripening
172
what % of fruit must come from the stated municipality to claim Vino de Pueblo in rueda? Less aging for Gran Anada sparkling wines from rueda?
85% / 36mo
173
Mountain range that shields Bierzo from the Atlantic?
Serra dos Ancares - flanks off the cantabrian range
174
Explain what the following terms mean in regards to Bierzo:
Vino de Villa & Vino de Paraje:
Viña Clasificada:
Gran Viña Clasificada:
Vino de Villa & Vino de Paraje: 100% must be sourced from one of the designated municipalities, or parcels
Viña Clasificada: May be added to a single parcel, or collection of parcels within a Vino de Paraje that has been labelled as such for at least 5 years, and has been approved by a tasting panel.
Gran Viña Clasificada: Designation for a wine that has been produced as a Viña Clasificada for at least 5 years, and has been approved by a tasting panel.
175
Where would you find the vineyards of Valtuille / Las Lamas / moncerbal / El Farro (La Faraona - palacios)
VILLAFRANCA DEL
BIERZO / BENUZA / corullon
176
what area of rias baias makes the most red wine?
candado do tea
177
Three advantages of parral training in rias baixas
more air flow / more sunlight for photo synthisis / more canopy to protect against sunburn
178
soils of ribeira sacra? Best sub-zone?
Lower elevation soils of ribeira sacra are granite and the upper slopes are slate / amandi
179
valdeorras climate? soil?
moderate continental with atlantic influences / granite and Pizzara (red slate)
180
who were Domingo Garramiola Txomin and Alejandro Fernández?
Domingo Garramiola Txomin ceated Unico
who were Domingo Garramiola Txomin and Alejandro Fernández founded Tinto pasquera
181
What style of wine from the Navarra D.O. can carry the Envejecido en Roble designation?
Minimum 85% Moscatel - vino de licor 18-24 mo aging
182
What two grapes may be made as varietal wine in Valdeorras? What is the cepage of Spumante wines from Valdeorras?
Varietal Godello (100% variety) and Mencía (min. 85% variety)
Godello 85%
183
Espumoso wines from valdeorras mus he made of what percentage minimum of what grape?
85% godello (no min lees aging)
184
what is the term for sparkling wine in basque? brisado
apardunak
185
