Nucleic Acid Protien Synthesis

Question 1

Nucleic acid

Answer 1

DNA and RNA

Question 2

Amino Acids

Answer 2

Really small things that make up a polypeptide

Question 3

What is a polynucleotide

Answer 3

A bunch of nucleotides put in a line, DNA and RNA!

Question 4

Parts of a nucleotide

Answer 4

Phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 5

What is the nucleoside?

Answer 5

The side of the nucleotide without the phosphate (the sugar and the nitrogenous base)

Question 6

Pyrimidines vs Purines, how many rings?

Answer 6

Pyrimidine: 1

Purine: 2

Question 7

Which are the Pyrimidines

Answer 7

Cytosine (C) and Thymine(T)/Uracil(U)

Question 8

Which pyrimidine is in DNA?

Answer 8

Thymine (T)

Question 9

Which pyrimidine is in RNA?

Answer 9

Uracil (U)

Question 10

Which sugar is in DNA?

Answer 10

Deoxyribose (H in 2’)

Question 11

Which sugar is in RNA?

Answer 11

Ribose (OH in 2’)

Question 12

What is the backbone of DNA/RNA?

Answer 12

Sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 13

The two polynucleotides (The strands of DNA) run…

Answer 13

Antiparallel

Question 14

Which are the purines?

Answer 14

Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)

Question 15

What is the shape DNA takes?

Answer 15

Double helix

Question 16

What are all the nitrogenous bases?

Answer 16

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil, Adenine, Guanine

Question 17

What are Chargaff’s rules?

Answer 17

1. DNA base composition varies between species
2. For DNA, the amout of A and T bases match, and the amount of G and C match

Question 18

What does it mean that DNA replication is ‘semiconservative’?

Answer 18

The two strands of DNA seperate and act as a template for their new partner (complimentary) strand. Each parental strand is now paired with a daughter strand.

Question 19

Helicase

Answer 19

Untwist DNA at the replication forks and separate the parental strands

Question 20

Single-strans binding protien

Answer 20

Stabilizes the unwound parental strands

Question 21

Primase

Answer 21

Synthesizes RNA primers, using the parental DNA as a template

Question 22

What ar the segments of lagging strands called?

Answer 22

Okazaki fragments

Question 23

During DNA replication, what adds nucleotides to the new strands

Answer 23

DNA polymerase III (3)

Question 24

What follows behind a DNA polymerase III?

Answer 24

Sliding clamp

Question 25

In DNA replication, what replaces the RNA primers (the anchors)?

Answer 25

DNA polymerase I (1)

Question 26

DNA Ligase function

Answer 26

Connects all the Okazaki fragments I to one continuous strand

Question 27

Topoisomerase function

Answer 27

Breaks, swivels, and rejoin DNA strans to relieve tension from unwinding