Reproductive Systems Flashcards
Reproduction: Fragmentation
Asexual
Parent plant separated into parts that develop into new individuals
Examples: Onions and sponges
Reproduction: Parthenogenesis
Asexual
Animals(?)
One parent makes seeds or new individuals without fertilization
Example: Whiptail Lizards
Reproduction: Apomixis
Asexual
Plants
Production of seeds without fertilization, clones of parents
Example: Dandelions
Reproduction: Budding
Asexual
New individuals grow from outgrowths on parents. Either detach or stay joined
Example: Cindarians
Reproduction: Fission
Separates parents into two individuals about the same size
(Mitosis but gigantic!)
Sexual reproduction pros and cons
Pros: Diversity, possible to remove bad genes, seed dormancy allows them to wait for better conditions
Cons: Less daughters, Longer to develop, Requires more energy (finding mate, producing males)
Asexual reproduction pros and cons
Pros: Adapted for stable environment, quick reproduction, offspring may be more mature, no need for a mate
Cons: No genetic variation, can’t adapt
Special organ/cell where gametes are formed in plants
Gametangia
Female gametangia
Archegonia
Male gametangia
Antheridia
Spores are produces in…
Sporangia
Plant haploid life cycle that creates gametes
Gametophyte
Heterospory
Has both megaspores and microspores
____spores give rise to female gametophytes
Megaspores
____spores give rise to male gametophytes
Microspores
