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Preventative Medicine > Nutrition: Childhood-Late Adulthood > Flashcards

Nutrition: Childhood-Late Adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

what micronutrients are essential in toddlers and preschoolers? (6)

A

vit A
vit C
vit E
calcium
iron
zinc

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2
Q

what is the most common nutrient deficiency in young children?

A

iron deficiency anemia

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3
Q

from toddler to preschooler, the need for which micronutrients increases? (3)

A

calcium
iron
zinc

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4
Q

what BMI percentile is considered childhood overweight?

A

85th percentile

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5
Q

what BMI percentile is considered childhood obesity?

A

95th percentile

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6
Q

what is the growth rate in school-aged children?

A

2-3 inches/year

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7
Q

what 2 micronutrients continue to remain important for school-aged children (6-13)?

A

calcium
iron

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8
Q

what is the cause of obesity in children?

A

eating too much + not enough physical activity

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9
Q

what is the recommended activity level for children, decided by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

A

at least 1 hour/day

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10
Q

what is the average increase in height in adolescents (14-18)?

A

20-25%

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11
Q

what age do growth spurts begin in adolescent girls and boys?

A

girls: 10-11
boys: 12-13

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12
Q

what is the Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) for adolescents based on? (5)

A

gender
age
height
weight
activity level

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13
Q

what 3 micronutrients are essential for adolscents?

A

calcium
iron
vit A

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14
Q

why is calcium essential is adolscents?

A

to achieve peak bone density

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15
Q

why is vit A essential in adolscents?

A

to support rapid growth and development

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16
Q

what are 3 nutrition related concerns in adolescents?

A

physical activity
eating disorders
cigs/drugs

17
Q

what is the age for young and middle adults?

A

25-49 yo

18
Q

what are the 4 primary concerns for young/middle adults?

A

health maintenance
balanced diet
physical activity
reduce risk of chronic disease

19
Q

what are some changes to the body that occur to older adults (65+)? (5)

A

decreased muscle
decreased bone density
decreased immune function
increased fat mass
impaired nutrient absorption

20
Q

what usually decreases in older adults due to reduced activity levels?

A

energy

21
Q

what can older adults consume less of? (2)

A

fiber
iron

22
Q

what micronutrient intake should be increased in older adults? (3)

A

calcium
vit D
B-complex vitamins

23
Q

what micronutrient should be maintained in older adults to optimize immune function?

A

zinc

24
Q

what can improve memory and decrease the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in older adults? (3)

A

folate
vit B12
macronutrients

Preventative Medicine (23 decks)

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