Flashcards in Nutrition Module 8: Micronutrients Review Deck (194)
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31
What is the risk of folate deficiency in adults?
Cancer and CVD
32
What do polyglutamate folate serve as? Which kind?
Coenzyme that accept or donate 1 C units in :
1.. Catabolism or interconversion of Met, His, Ser, and Gly (esp. homocysteine to cysteine)
2. Choline synthesis and degradation
3. Serotonin and epi synthesis
+ DNA SYNTHESIS
Fully reduced tetrahydrofolate
33
What are 8 good food sources of folate?
1. Fresh dark leafy veggies
2. Legumes
3. Cereal
4. Citrus fruits
5. Organ meats
6. Yeast
7. Fortified grains
8. Flour-based foods
34
Folate: toxicity? 2
1. Masks B12 deficiency
2. Risk of tumors when taking supplements
35
What are the 9 water soluble vitamins?
1. Vitamin C
2. Folate
3. Thiamin
4. Riboflavin (B2)
5. Niacin (B3)
6. Pyridoxine (B6)
7. Cobalamin (B12)
8. Pantothenate
9. Biotin
36
Thiamin: sources? 4
1. Pork
2. Meat substitutes
3. Green peas
4. Enriched grains
37
Thiamin: functions? 3
1. Cofactor for alphaketoglutarate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, etc.
2. Neuron function
38
Thiamin: deficiency? 3
2 at risk peeps?
1. Dry Beri Beri
2. Wet Beri Beri
3. Muscle weakness
1. Alcoholics
2. Hyperemesis gravidarum (pregnancy complication)
39
What are the symptoms of Dry Beri Beri? 4
1. Neuropathy
2. Confusion
3. Confabulation
4. Demention
40
What are the symptoms of Wet Beri Beri? 2
1. Heart failure
2. Edema
41
Thiamin: toxicity? 1
None
42
Riboflavin: sources? 3
1. Milk
2. Eggs
3. Broccoli
43
Where is riboflavin absorbed?
Proximal small intestine
44
Which vitamin has a saturable transport uptake mechanism?
Riboflavin
45
How is riboflavin excreted?
Urine
46
Where is riboflavin stored? 3
1. Liver
2. Kidney
3. Muscle
47
Riboflavin: functions? 1
1. Catalyzes redox rxns
48
Riboflavin: deficiency? 9
1. Edema
2. Dermatitis
3. Angular stomatitis (inflammation of mouth mucosa)
4. Anemia
5. Niacin deficiency
6. B6 deficiency
7. Impairs folate function
8. Nasolabial seborrhea
9. Angular cheilosis and stomatitis
49
What can riboflavin deficiency result from? 3
1. Cancer
2. Diabetes
3. CVD
50
Riboflavin: toxicity? 1
None
51
Niacin: sources? 4
1. Fortified dry cereal
2. Beef
3. Eggs
4. Milk
52
Niacin: functions? 2
1. Fuel metabolism
2. Synthesis/removal of many compounds
53
What is pellagra? 6 symptoms
Common in what peeps?
Deficiency of tryptophan and niacin:
1. Weight loss
2. Diarrhea
3. Dermatitis
4. Depression
5. Dementia
6. Death
7. Scarlet-colored tongue
8. Hyperpigmented skin
Alcoholics
54
Niacin: toxicity? 5
1. Flushing
2. GI things
3. Liver dysfunction
4. Glucose intolerance
5. Ocular effects
55
Pyridoxine: sources? 6
1. Meat
2. Poultry
3. Fish
4. Corn
5. Bananes
6. Potatoes (sweet and normal)
56
Pyridoxine: functions? 2
1. Transamination of AAs
2. Cofactor for many enzymes
57
Pyridoxine: deficiency? 8
1. Slow growth
2. Cerebral/Peripheral neuron damage
3. Confusion
4. Cheilosis (dry edges of mouth)
5. Depression
6. Microcytic anemia
7. Glossitis (tongue soreness)
8. Sideroblastic anemia, anisocytosis
58
Pyridoxine: toxicity? 1
1. Sensory neuropathy
59
Cobalamin: sources? 4
1. Meat
2. Poultry
3. Dairy
4. Eggs
Only foods of animal origin
60
