OCTA 206 Exam/ Practicum 1 Flashcards by Mykia Woolridge

Movement that opens or straightens a joint (opening hands)

Extension

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Movement that bends a joint or brings the bones closer together

Flexion

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Swings the limb away from the midline

Lateral Rotation

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Joint medially rotates, the limb turns in toward the midline

Medial Rotation

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A movement of head and vertebral column along transverse plane (checking to see if a car is behind you)

Rotation

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Joint brings a limb medially toward the body’s midline (adding to body)

Adduction

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Moves a limb laterally away from the midline (carry away from body)

Abduction

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A combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

Circumduction

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Neck or vertebral column bends laterally to the side (lift head off pillow)

Lateral Flexion

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Movement bringing the radius and ulna parallel to one another (carrying bowl of soup)

Supination

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Movement when the radius crosses over the ulna (prone to spill)

Pronation

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Ankle movement letting off gas pedal

Dorsiflexion

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Ankle movement stepping on gas pedal

Plantar Flexion

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What are the 5 muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Trapezius
Lavator Scapulae
Rhomboids
Pectoralis Minor
Serratus Anterior

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A muscle of the shoulder girdle that performs downward rotation and depression?

Pectoralis Minor

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A muscle of the shoulder girdle that performs abduction(protraction) and upward rotation?

Serratus Anterior

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A muscle of the shoulder girdle that performs elevation and upward rotation?

Trapezius

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A muscle of the shoulder girdle that performs downward rotation and depression?

Rhomboids

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A muscle of the shoulder girdle that performs elevation and downward rotation?

Levator Scapulae

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The study of movement

Kinesiology

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Those forces causing movement

Kinetics

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Refers to a location or position toward the midline

Medial

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Refers to a location or position farther from the midline

Lateral

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Refers to the front of the body or the position closer to the front

Anterior (Ventral)

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Refers to the back of the body or to the position more toward the back

Posterior (Dorsal)

Refers to locations on extremities away from the trunk

Distal

Refers to locations on extremities toward the trunk

Proximal

Refers to the location of a body part that is above another or refer to the upper surface of an organ or structure

Superior

Refers to the location of a body part that is below another or refer to the lower surface of an organ or structure

Inferior

Refers to a position or structure close to the head

Cranial

Refers to a position or structure close to the feet

Caudal

Location on the surface of skin

Superficial

Location down from the top of the surface

Deep

Body position when a person is lying straight, with the face, or anterior surface, pointed upward

Supine

Body position when person is horizontal, with the face, or anterior surface, pointed downward

Prone

Refers to the other side of the body

Contralateral

Refers to the same side of the body

Ipsilateral

Movement that occurs in a straight line

Rectilinear Motion

Movement that occurs in a curved path that is not necessarily circular

Curvilinear

Movement of an object around a fixed point (axis)

Angular Motion

Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

Inversion

Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle

Eversion

The axial skeleton consists of?

Skull Vertebral Column Ribs

Where is the origin for the five muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Axial Skeleton

Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

Tendon

Connects bone to bone

Ligament

Refers to the more movable bone

Insertion

Refers to the more stable bone

Origin

A term often used to discuss the activities of the scapula and clavicle, and to a lesser degree, the sternum and ribs

Shoulder Girdle

Also called the glenohumeral joint, consists of the scapula and humerus

Shoulder joint

Landmarks of the scapula

``` Superior angle Inferior Angle Vertebral border Axillary Border Spine Coracoid Process Acromion Process Glenoid Fossa ```

Landmarks of the clavicle

Sternal End Acromial End Body

Movements of the shoulder girdle

``` Elevation Depression Abduction (Protraction) Adduction (Retraction) Upward Rotation Downward Rotation ```

What movements does the Pectoralis Minor perform?

Downward Rotation | Depression

What movements does the Serratus Anterior perform?

Protraction | Upward Rotation

What movements does the Trapezius perform?

Elevation | Upward Rotation

What movements does the Rhomboids perform?

Elevation Retraction Downward Rotation

What movements does the Levator Scapulae?

Elevation | Downward Rotation

Movements of the Gleno-humeral (Shoulder Joint)

1. Flexion, Extension, Hyperextention 2. Abbduction, Adduction 3 .Medial and Lateral Rotation 4. Horizontal Abduction and Adduction

Landmarks of the Humerus

``` Head Surgical Neck Anatomical Neck Deltoid Tuberosity Intertubular Groove Shaft Greater Tubercle Lesser Tubercle ```

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor

What is the purpose of the rotator cuff muscles?

keep good alignment between the head of the humerus and glenoid fossa

What are the muscles of the shoulder joint (gleno-humeral)?

``` Deltoid Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii ```

What movements does the deltoid perform?

Shoulder abduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation, flexion

What movements does the Pectoralis Major perform?

Shoulder adduction, Horizontal Adduction, Medial Rotation, Shoulder Flexion, Shoulder Extension

What movements does the Latissimus Dorsi perform?

Shoulder Adduction, Medial Rotation, Extension, Hyperextension

What movements does Teres Major perform?

Shoulder Adduction, Medial Rotation, Extension

What movements does Supraspinatus perform?

Shoulder Abduction

What movements does Infraspinatus perform?

Horizontal Abduction , Shoulder Lateral Rotation

What movements does Teres Minor perform?

Horizontal Abduction, Shoulder Lateral Rotation

What movements does Subscapularis perform?

Shoulder Medial Rotation

What movements does Coracobrachialis perform?

stabilizes shoulder joint (shoulder flexion)

What muscle do the axillary nerve innervate?

Deltoid Muscle

What motion occur in the frontal plane (coronal plane)?

Abduction and Adduction

What motion occur in the transverse plane (horizontal plane)?

Rotation

What motion occur in the sagittal plane?

Flexion and Extension

A plane that passes through the midline of a part (frontal, sagittal, transverse)

Cardinal Plane

The point where the three cardinal planes intersect each other

Center of gravity

Measure movement at joint

Goniometer

Reduce stress on the joints

Joint Protection

What are the joint protection principles?

* Respect for pain * Balance activity and Rest * Avoid activities which cannot be stopped * Use larger and stronger joints for activities * Avoid standing one position for long periods of time * Maintain or use your joints in good alignment

Where does all of the scapula muscles have their origin?

Axial Skeleton

All muscles of the shoulder girdle moves what bone?

Scapula

A range of motion done my ones self

Active Range of Motion (A/ROM)

A range of motion that is done by the therapist

Passive Range of Motion (P/ROM)

A range of motion when the patient does some of the movement and the therapist does the rest of the movement

Active Assistance Range of Motion (AA/ROM)

A test that test the strength of muscles 5- Normal- holds test position against max resistance 4- Good- holds test position against moderate resistance 3- Fair-Holds test position against gravity 2-Poor- Able to move through full ROM gravity eliminated 1- Trace- No visible movement

Manual Muscle Test

What is the normal range for Flexion?

180 degrees

What is the normal range for Extension?

45-60 degrees

What is the normal range for Abduction?

150 degrees