Oncologie Flashcards

1
Q

Longkanker risicofactoren

A

Roken, meeroken, luchtvervuiling, ioniserende straling, schadelijke stoffen, genetica, andere ziekten

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2
Q

Primaire preventie kanker

A

Niet roken

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3
Q

Secundaire preventie longkanker

A

Screening met low dose CT

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4
Q

Longkanker histologie

A

85% niet kleincellig

13% kleincellig

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5
Q

Symptomen longcarcinoom

A
Persisterend hoesten
Dyspnoe déffort
Hemoptoe
Thoracodynie
Stridor
Pneumonie
Gewichtsverlies
Heesheid
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6
Q

Pancoast syndroom

A

NSCLC in sulcus superior; ligt in longtop
Syndroom v horner
Schouder en arm pijn
Zwakte en atrofie van handspieren

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7
Q

Vena cava superior syndroom

A

Compressie tumor op VCS, stuwing.
Oedeem gelaat, armen
Gestuwde aders hals of thoraxwand

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8
Q

Diagnostisch

A

Weefseldiagnose; histologisch of cytologisch

Stadiering

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9
Q

Weefseldiagnose

A

Bronchoscopie; biopt

Echo of CT geleide biopt

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10
Q

Stadiering

A

Lymfeklierdiagnostiek

PET-ct

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11
Q

Mediastinale lymfeklierstadiering

A

EBUS-FNA –> bronchoscopie met echografie en punctie
EUS-FNA –> slokdarmechografie en puntie
Cervical

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12
Q

N stadium

A

N0; geen klieren
N1: hilaire lymfeklier
N2: mediastinaal ipsilateraal
N3: mediastinaal contralateraal of supraclaviculair

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13
Q

Metastase verspreiding

A

Hematogeen

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14
Q

Metastase voorkeurplaats

A

Bot, lever, hersenen

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15
Q

Longkanker vaak pas ontdekt in stadium

A

4 –> 50%

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16
Q

Behandeling

A

Operatie, bestralen, chemo, immuuntherapie, doelgericht

17
Q

Behandeling verschillende stadia

A

Stadium 1 en 2; chirurgie

Stadium 3: bestraling _ chemo + immunotherapie

18
Q

Palliatieve intentie type 4

A

Palliatief; systeem chemo, immuun, targeted
palliatief radio

Chemo - immuun bij PDL1 expressie < 50%
PDL1 > 50% immuuntherapie mono

19
Q

Drivermutaties longkanker

A

EGFR, KRAS

20
Q

Immuun checkpoints

A

CTLA-4
PDL-1
Bieden bescherming tegen overdreven immuunrespons
Tumoren induceren deze.
Checkpoint inhibitors halen rem van immuunsysteem af

21
Q

Kleincellig long carcinoom

A

Snelgroeiend, aggressief

Diagnose bijna altijd stadium 4

22
Q

Paraneoplastisch syndroom

A

Endocrien; hypercalciemie, cushing
Neurologisch; polyneuropathie, encepholopatie
Hematologisch; anemie, trombocytopenie
Algemeen; cachexie

23
Q

SCLC stadiering

A

1-3 –> limited disease. 1 hemithorax, en loco regionale lymfeklierne
4 –> metastasen op afstand

24
Q

Behandeling SCLC

A

Stadium 1-3 –> Chemo + radio. Respons profylactische hersenbestraling
4 –> Palliatieve chemo –> respons profylactische hersenbestraling