Orthodontics

Question 1

(T/F)

Body parts closer to the cranium grow slower and later than body parts further from the cranium.

Answer 1

False

Correct answer: body parts closer to cranium grow faster and earlier than body parts further away

Question 2

Which of the following grows first?

A. Maxilla
B. Mandible

Answer 2

A. Maxilla

Question 3

According to human growth curves, the velocity curve ____.

A. Tracks actual height each year
B. Tracks the change in height each yeat
C. Is the primary diagnostic tool of dentist
D. Answer choice C is for sure wrong

Answer 3

B. Tracks the change in height each yeat

Question 4

The average peak growth for girls is _______.

A. 10yrs old
B. 12yrs old
C. 14yrs old
D. 16yrs old

Answer 4

B. 12yrs old

Question 5

The average peak growth for boys is _______.

A. 10yrs old
B. 12yrs old
C. 14yrs old
D. 16yrs old

Answer 5

C. 14yrs old

Question 6

Which of the following is the best diagnostic tool (indicator) for growth timing?

A. Chronilogic age
B. Dental age
C. Skeletal age
D. Biologic age

Answer 6

D. Biologic age

Question 7

Which of the following is the site of growth that has the ability to control its own growth?

A. Growth Site
B. Growth Center

Answer 7

B. Growth Center

Question 8

What are the two major nodes of bone growth?

Answer 8

Endochondral and Intramembranous

Question 9

All of the following are true regarding Endochondral growth EXCEPT:

A. Is growth from the inside
B. Increases in diamter
C. Under more genetic control
D. All of the above are true

Answer 9

B. Increases in diamter

Question 10

All of the following are true regarding Intramembranous growth EXCEPT:

A. Growth from the inside
B. Increase in diameter
C. Influenced more by environmental forces
D. All of the above

Answer 10

A. Growth from the inside

Question 11

What are the 3 growth theories?

• Harry Sicher
• James Scott
• Melvin Moss

Answer 11

Question 12

Which of the following is associated with Midface deficiency?

A. Treacher Collins syndrome

B. Hemifacial microsomia

C. Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

D. Cleft palate

Answer 12

C. Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

Question 13

Which of the following is associated with Underdeveloped mandible?

A. Treacher Collins syndrome

B. Hemifacial microsomia

C. Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

D. Cleft palate

Answer 13

A. Treacher Collins syndrome

Question 14

Which of the following is associated with Ear and mandibular ramus are deficient on affected side?

A. Treacher Collins syndrome

B. Hemifacial microsomia

C. Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)

D. Cleft palate

Answer 14

B. Hemifacial microsomia

Question 15

The Condyles of the mandible exhibit which of the following?

A. Endochondrial ossification

B. Intramembranous ossification

Answer 15

A. Endochondrial ossification

Question 16

The maxilla exhibits which of the following?

A. Endochondrial ossification

B. Intramembranous ossification

Answer 16

B. Intramembranous ossification

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Review Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in regards to each of the following:

• Caused by exposure to high levels of ______ during early development.
• Tetratogen = ?
• CNS problems
• _________ deficiency.
• Cleft. ______.

Answer 18

Question 19

Discuss Treacher Collins Syndrome in regards to each of the following:

• What’s another name for this?
• What are the 4 main symptoms associated with Treacher Collins Syndrome?

Answer 19

Question 20

Discuss Hemifacial Microsomia in regards to each of the following:

• Loss of _____ cells during migration.
• _____ and ______ are deficient on the affected side.

Answer 20

Question 21

All of the following are true regarding Down Syndrome EXCEPT:

A. Nondisjunction that leads to extra chromosome 21

B. Midface deficiency

C. Upslanted palpebral fissures

D. Increased caries risk

E. Increased periodontal disease risk

Answer 21

D. Increased caries risk

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Discuss Pierre Robin Sequence in regards to each of the following:

• What are the 4 main signs/symptoms?

Answer 23

Question 24

Discuss Crouzon Syndrome in regards to each of the following:

• What are the 5 signs/symptoms?

Answer 24

Question 25

Discuss **Apert Syndrome** in regards to each of the following: * What is another name for this? * What are the 5 signs/symptoms?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is Hurler and Hunter Syndrome (how can you remember this)?

Answer 26

Question 27

Which of the following is associated w/ **Syndactyly**? A. Hurler and Hunter Syndrome B. Apert Syndrome C. Crouzon Syndrome D. Pierre Robin Sequence E. Down syndrome

Answer 27

B. Apert Syndrome

Question 28

Which of the following is associated w/ a build up of **glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)** due to an enzyme deficiency? A. Hurler and Hunter Syndrome B. Apert Syndrome C. Crouzon Syndrome D. Pierre Robin Sequence E. Down syndrome

Answer 28

A. Hurler and Hunter Syndrome

Question 29

**Hypertelorism** (widely separated eyes) is associated w/ which of the following? A. Hurler and Hunter Syndrome B. Apert Syndrome C. Crouzon Syndrome D. Pierre Robin Sequence E. Down syndrome

Answer 29

C. Crouzon Syndrome

Question 30

Permanent tooth buds are ______ and apical to primary teeth.

Answer 30

Lingual

Question 31

**Early** **mesial shift** of 1st molars to close _______ at around age 6: A. Primate space B. Leeway space **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 31

A. Primate space

Question 32

**Late mesial shift** of 2nd molars to close _______ at around age 12: A. Primate space B. Leeway space **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 32

B. Leeway space

Question 33

A **distal step** in primary 1st molars will most likely lead to which of the following? A. Class II B. End-End C. Class I D. Class III

Answer 33

A. Class II

Question 34

A **Mesial step** in primary 1st molars will most likely lead to which of the following? A. Class II B. End-End C. Class I D. Class III

Answer 34

C. Class I

Question 35

A Flush terminal plane in primary 1st molars will most likely lead to which of the following? A. Class II B. End-End C. Class I D. Class III

Answer 35

B. End-End

Question 36

Which of the following uses a **reference table**? A. Tanaka-Johnson B. Moyer's **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 36

B. Moyer's

Question 37

Review each of the following: * Tanaka-Johnston * Moyer's **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 37

Question 38

Which of the following plugs in the sum width of mandibular incisors into an equation? A. Tanaka-Johnson B. Moyer's **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 38

A. Tanaka-Johnson

Question 39

Tanaka-Johnston and Moyer's use the sum of the width of what teeth to determine spaces? A. Maxillary incisors B. Maxillary molars C. Mandibular incisors D. Mandibular molars **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 39

C. Mandibular incisors

Question 40

Late lower incisor crowding is due to _________ and lower lip pressure:

Answer 40

Question 41

Which of the following **_decreases_** during transition from mixed to permanent dentition? A. Intercanine width B. Intermolar width C. Arch length D. Arch perimeter **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 41

C. Arch length

Question 42

Which of the following _increases_ as permanent teeth erupt than _stabilizes_ after eruption of canines? A. Intercanine width B. Intermolar width C. Arch length D. Arch perimeter **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 42

A. Intercanine width

Question 43

Which of the following _increases_ in upper and _decreases_ in lower during transition from mixed to permanent dentition? A. Intercanine width B. Intermolar width C. Arch length D. Arch perimeter **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 43

D. Arch perimeter

Question 44

Which of the following increases as molars erupt then stabilize? A. Intercanine width B. Intermolar width C. Arch length D. Arch perimeter **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 44

B. Intermolar width

Question 45

**Intercanine width** _______ as permanent teeth erupt than stabilizes after eruption of canines? A. Increases B. Decreases **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 45

A. Increases

Question 46

**Intermolar width** _______ as molars erupt then stabilize. A. Increases B. Decreases **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 46

A. Increases

Question 47

Arch length ______ during transition from mixed to permanent dentition. A. Increases B. Decreases **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 47

B. Decreases

Question 48

Arch perimeter ______ in **upper** and _______ in **lower** during transition from mixed to permanent dentition. A. Increases, decreases B. Decreases, increases C. Increases, increases D. Decreases, decreases **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 48

A. Increases, decreases

Question 49

Which of the following refers to beautiful teeth? A. Microesthetics B. Miniestthetics C. Macroesthetics

Answer 49

A. Microesthetics

Question 50

Which of the following refers to beautiful smile? A. Microesthetics B. Miniesthetics C. Macroesthetics

Answer 50

B. Miniesthetics

Question 51

Which of the following refers to beautiful face? A. Microesthetics B. Miniestthetics C. Macroesthetics

Answer 51

C. Macroesthetics

Question 52

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Question 53

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Question 54

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Question 55

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Question 56

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Question 57

Which of the following skeletal classifications is associated w/ a **convex** facial profile? A. Class I B. Class II C. Class III

Answer 57

C. Class III Con**_V_**ex = **_V_**anessa

Question 58

**Anterior Divergent** is associated with which of the following? A. Class I B. Class II C. Class III

Answer 58

C. Class III

Question 59

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Question 60

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Question 61

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Question 63

An **ANB of 4 degrees** is associated w/ which of the following? A. Class I (normal) B. Class II C. Class III **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 63

B. Class II Anything over 2 IS class II

Question 64

An **ANB of 0 degrees** is associated w/ which of the following? A. Class I (normal) B. Class II C. Class III **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 64

C. Class III **Anything over 2 is Class II**

Question 65

An **ANB of 2 degrees** is associated w/ which of the following? A. Class I (normal) B. Class II C. Class III **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 65

A. Class I (normal)

Question 66

Answer 66

Question 67

In orthodontics and the biology of tooth movement, the **compression** side of a tooth is associated with which of the following? A. Osteoclasts B. Osteoblasts

Answer 67

A. Osteoclasts **_C_**ompression = Osteo**_C_**lasts

Question 68

Answer 68

Question 69

Which of the following is associated w/ light force in regards to orthodontics? A. Frontal or direct resorption B. Undermining or indirect resorption

Answer 69

A. Frontal or direct resorption

Question 70

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Question 71

Answer 71

Intrusion = 10g Uncontrolled tipping, rotation, extrusion = 50g Controlled tipping, root torque = 75g Bodily movement = 100g

Question 72

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Question 73

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Question 74

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Question 75

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Question 76

Moment (M_F) is the tendency of a force to cause a body to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. (Orthodontics)

Answer 76

Rotate MOMENT = ROTATION

Question 77

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Question 79

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Question 80

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Question 81

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Question 82

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Question 83

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Question 84

What is the order of increasing strength and stiffness in regards to each of the following: * TMA, SS, NiTi **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 84

Question 85

Increasing _______ increases strength and stiffness but decreases range. A. Diameter B. Length **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 85

A. Diameter

Question 86

Increasing _______ increases range but decreases strength and stiffness. A. Diameter B. Length **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 86

B. Length

Question 87

\_\_\_\_\_ wires is stronger and stiffer than _____ wires. A. Round, square B. Square, round **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 87

B. Square, round

Question 88

\_\_\_\_\_\_ is stronger and stiffer than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Beam, cantilever B. Cantilever, beam **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 88

A. Beam, cantilever

Question 89

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Question 90

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Question 91

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Question 92

Posterior crossbite should only be treated if there is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 92

Functional shift

Question 93

What is the tx for a posterior crossbite?

Answer 93

Palatal expansion (quad helix, Haas, Hyrax)

Question 94

What is the tx for an skeletal class III (underbite)?

Answer 94

Reverse pull head gear

Question 95

Answer 95

Question 96

What is Kurol's Rule?

Answer 96

Question 97

Severe crowding is defined as \_\_\_\_\_mm of crowding. What is tx for severe crowding?

Answer 97

\> 8mm; tx = **serial extraction**

Question 98

Moderate crowding is defined as greater than or equal to _______ of crowding. Tx for moderate crowding includes _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 98

Question 99

A patient comes in an has 8mm of crowding, what is the correct tx for this patient? A. Lip bumper B. LLHA C. Serial extraction

Answer 99

C. Serial extraction

Question 100

A patient comes in an has **7mm** of crowding, what is the correct tx for this patient? A. Lip bumper B. LLHA C. Serial extraction

Answer 100

A. Lip bumper B. LLHA

Question 101

Answer 101

Question 102

Which of the following is used to correct a **skeletal class III**? (Select all that apply) A. High-pull headgear B. Cervical-pull headgear C. J-hook headgear D. Reverse-pull headgear E. Chin cup

Answer 102

D. Reverse-pull headgear E. Chin cup

Question 103

Which of the following is used to correct a **skeletal class II**? (Select all that apply) A. High-pull headgear B. Cervical-pull headgear C. J-hook headgear D. Reverse-pull headgear E. Chin cup

Answer 103

A. High-pull headgear B. Cervical-pull headgear

Question 104

Which of the following is for retraction of **canines** (and incisors)? (Select all that apply) A. High-pull headgear B. Cervical-pull headgear C. J-hook headgear D. Reverse-pull headgear E. Chin cup

Answer 104

**C. J-hook headgear**

Question 105

Review each of the functional appliances in regards to ortho: * Bionator * Activator * Twin block * MARA * Herbst

Answer 105

Question 106

Review each of the following clas II corrector appliances: * Forsus * Pendulum

Answer 106

Question 107

Review each of the following **Palatal Expanders** in regards to ortho: * Schwarz appliance * W-arch * Quad helix * Hyrax appliance * Haas appliance * Transpalatal arch

Answer 107

Question 108

Review each of the following Mixed Dentition Appliances in regards to ortho: * Nance * LLHA * Lip bumper

Answer 108

Question 109

Review Aligners and Braces in regards to Ortho:

Answer 109

Question 110

Review the indications/contraindications for Extraction in regards to Ortho:

Answer 110

Question 111

Question 112

Answer 112

Question 113

Review **Hawley Retainers** (upper and lower) in regards to ortho:

Answer 113

Question 114

Discuss **Lingual Bonded Retainers** in regards to ortho:

Answer 114

Question 115

Review each of the following in regards to ortho: * Class II Relapse * Class III Relapse

Answer 115

Question 116

Which of the following is the tx for a **Deep Bite Relapse**? (select all that apply) A. Upper modified Hawley w/ anterior bite plate B. Upper modified Hawley w/ posterior bite blocks C. Vacuum-formed retainers

Answer 116

A. Upper modified Hawley w/ anterior bite plate

Question 117

Which of the following is the tx for an **Open Bite Relapse**? (select all that apply) A. Upper modified Hawley w/ anterior bite plate B. Upper modified Hawley w/ posterior bite blocks C. Vacuum-formed retainers

Answer 117

B. Upper modified Hawley w/ posterior bite blocks C. Vacuum-formed retainers

Question 118

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Question 119

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to move chin in all three directions. **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 119

Question 120

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Question 121

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Question 122

What is the most common Post-op complication in regards to **BSSO** surgery: **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 122

Question 123

Discuss General Anesthesia in regards to each of the following: * Alectasis can lead to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * Pneumatosis intestinalis can also lead to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 123

**FEVER** **"if a question asks what is the cause of a fever, pick Alectasis or Pneumatosis if you see either as an answer choice"**

Question 124

If a question asks which of the following is the cause of a fever, what 2 answer choices is correct? **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 124

**Alectasis or Pneumatosis**

Question 125

**What is Alectasis and what systemic issue can it cause?** **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 125

Question 126

**What is _Pneumatosis intestinalis_ and what systemic issue can it cause?** **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Answer 126