Periodontics Flashcards by Gavin Kallabat

What are the 4 components of the Periodontium?

***BOARDS***

Alveolar bone, PDL, Cementum and Gingiva

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______ is generally considered the initiating factor in periodontal disease.

***BOARDS***

Microbial plaque

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Discuss Periodontal Disease in regards to each of the following:

What is the initiating factor in periodontal disease? ***BOARDS***
Periodontal health = ?
Gingivitis = ?
Periodontitis = ?

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What is the Pathogenesis in regards to Periodontal Disease? (3)

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Occlusal wear from functioning contacts with opposing teeth is referred to as:

A. Erosion

B. Abrasion

C. Attrition

D. Abfraction

E. Hypersensitivity

***BOARDS 4 SURE***

C. Attrition

Attrition = tooth-tooth

Abrasion = tooth-crown

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Loss of tooth structure by mechanical wear is referred to as:

A. Erosion

B. Abrasion

C. Attrition

D. Abfraction

E. Hypersensitivity

***BOARDS 4 SURE***

B. Abrasion

Attrition = tooth-tooth

Abrasion = crown-tooth

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Which of the following is a result of exposure of dentinal tubules in root surfaces?

A. Erosion

B. Abrasion

C. Attrition

D. Abfraction

E. Hypersensitivity

***BOARDS 4 SURE***

E. Hypersensitivity

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Which of the following is caused by acidic foods/beverages or gastric acid?

A. Erosion

B. Abrasion

C. Attrition

D. Abfraction

E. Hypersensitivity

***BOARDS 4 SURE***

A. Erosion

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Loss of tooth structure in cervical areas due to tooth flexure is referred to as:

A. Erosion

B. Abrasion

C. Attrition

D. Abfraction

E. Hypersensitivity

***BOARDS 4 SURE***

D. Abfraction

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Which of the following is measured from CEJ to the base of the pocket?

A. Probing pocket depth (PPD)

B. Clinical attachment loss (CAL)

C. Bleeding on probing (BOP)

B. Clinical attachment loss (CAL)

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Which of the following is measured from the gingival margin to the base of the pocket?

A. Probing pocket depth (PPD)

B. Clinical attachment loss (CAL)

C. Bleeding on probing (BOP)

A. Probing pocket depth (PPD)

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Which of the following is the best measure of inflammation in periodontal tissue?

A. Probing pocket depth (PPD)

B. Clinical attachment loss (CAL)

C. Bleeding on probing (BOP)

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If the Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) is 4mm and there is 2mm of recession, what is the clinical attachment loss?

If the Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) is 6mm and there is 0mm of recession, what is the clinical attachment loss?

If the Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) is 9mm and there is there 3mm of gingiva above the CEJ, what is the clinical attachment loss?

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Discuss Periodontal Exam in regards to each of the following:

Gingival recession = ?
Alveolar bone loss = ?
Suppuration = ?
Mobility = ?
Furcation = ?

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Review the Oral Exam slide in regards to each of the following:

Home care = ?
Inflammation = ?
Destruction of periodontal tissues = ?

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What does the Miller Classification classify?

Mobility

Miller = Mobility

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Which of the following Miller classifications would be given if there is moderately more than normal mobility (1mm or less)?

A. Class 0

B. Class 1

C. Class 2

D. Class 3

C. Class 2

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A tooth with a mobility greater than 1mm and can be vertically depressed in socket is which of the following Miller Classifications?

A. Class 0

B. Class 1

C. Class 2

D. Class 3

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Discuss Furcation in regards to each of the following:

Furcation = ?
Furcation involvement = ?
What are the 4 factors that can predispose a tooth to Furcation involvement?

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What does Hamp Classification determine the level of?

Furcation

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What instrument is used to measure Furcation?

Nabers probe

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Which of the following Hamp classifications is associated with horizontal Furcation involvement (less than 3mm)?

A. Class 0

B. Class 1

C. Class 2

D. Class 3

B. Class 1

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Which of the following Hamp classifications is associated with horizontal Furcation involvement > 3mm (greater than 3mm)?

A. Class 0

B. Class 1

C. Class 2

D. Class 3

C. Class 2

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Which of the following Hamp classifications is associated with through-and-through Furcation involvement?

A. Class 0

B. Class 1

C. Class 2

D. Class 3

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What does the Glickman Classification tell you?

Furcation

Pocket formation into the FLUTE (incipient) falls under the Glickman Classification of \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

A. Class 1

Pocket formation into the FURCA (cul-de-sack) falls under the Glickman Classification of \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

B. Class 2

A through-and-through Furcation lesion falls under the Glickman Classification of \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

C. Class 3

A through-and-through Furcation lesion that you can see through falls under the Glickman Classification of \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

D. Class 4

Discuss **Alveolar Bone Loss** in regards to each of the following: * The normal distance from the CEJ to alveolar crest is how many mm? * Crest should be _____ to the line connecting CEJs of adjacent teeth. * Horizontal bone loss = ? * Vertical or angular bone loss = ?

A **3 wall infrabony defect** is known as which of the following? A. Hemiseptal B. Crater C. Trough D. Circumferential **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. Trough

A **1 wall infrabony defect** is known as which of the following? A. Hemiseptal B. Crater C. Trough D. Circumferential **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Hemiseptal

A **4 wall infrabony defect** is known as which of the following? A. Hemiseptal B. Crater C. Trough D. Circumferential **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. Circumferential

Which of the following is the most common infrabony defect? A. Hemiseptal B. Crater C. Trough D. Circumferential \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\*

B. Crater (2 wall defect)

Which of the following is known as a **Trough**? A. 1 wall infrabony defect B. 2 wall infrabony defect C. 3 wall infrabony defect D. 4 wall infrabony defect **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. 3 wall infrabony defect

Which of the following is known as a **Crater**? A. 1 wall infrabony defect B. 2 wall infrabony defect C. 3 wall infrabony defect D. 4 wall infrabony defect **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. 2 wall infrabony defect

Which of the following Miller Classifications (recession) is described as interdental bone or soft tissue loss or tooth malpositioning that is so severe that root coverage is not anticipated? A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

D. Class 4

Which of the following Miller Classifications (recession) is described as marginal tissue recession **not extending to the mucogingival junction**? A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

A. Class 1

Which of the following Miller Classifications (recession) is described as marginal tissue recession extending to or beyond the mucogingival junction **w/ no bone or soft tissue loss**? A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

B. Class 2

Which of the following Miller Classifications (recession) is described as marginal tissue recession extending to or beyond the mucogingival junction w/ bone or soft tissue loss that **prevents total root coverage**? A. Class 1 B. Class 2 C. Class 3 D. Class 4

C. Class 3

What are the 3 C's of Gingivitis?

Discuss Plaque-Induced Gingival Disease in regards to each of the following: * Most common * Result of interaction between ________ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * What are the 3 things that can modify it?

Discuss Plaque-Induced Gingival Disease in regards to each of the following: * Modified by **systemic factors** * what are the 2 systemic factors? * Modified by what **3 medications**? \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\* * Modified by what type of deficiency?

What are the 4 medications that have effects on the gingiva? "CDC"

* Calcium channel blockers, Dilantin and cyclosporine can induce gingival enlargement * Oral contraceptives

Discuss Non-Plaque-Induced Gingival Disease in regards to each of the following: * What are the 4 things that causes non-plaque-induced gingival disease? * **\_\_\_\_\_\_ = non-hemorrhagic and firm \*\*\*KNOW\*\*\***

**Non-plaque-induced gingival disease** is caused by all of the following EXCEPT: A. Malnutrition B. Infections C. Trauma D. Allergy E. Hereditary gingival fibromatosis

A. Malnutrition

Discuss Periodontal Disease **Severity** in regards to CAL: * Slight = \_\_\_\_mm CAL * Moderate = \_\_\_\_\_\_mm CAL * Severe = \_\_\_\_\_mmCAL

Discuss Periodontal Disease Distribution in regards to each of the following: * Localized = ? * Generalized = ?

Discuss the Type of Periodontal disease in regards to each of the following: * Chronic periodontitis * **Microbial deposits _____ with extent of destruction** * Aggressive periodontitis * **Microbial deposits _____ with extent of destruction**

Discuss **Necrotizing** (ANUG, ANUP) in regards to Periodontal Disease: * What are the 4 symptoms of Necrotizing periodontitis ? * What are the 3 predisposing factors?

Review Periodontal Disease in regards to each of the following: * Distribution * Severity * Type * Disease

Discuss the composition of Dental Plaque in regards to each of the following: * Supragingival plaque = **(aerobic or anaerobic?)** * Tooth = (gram + or gram -?) * Outer surface of plaque = (gram + or gram -?) * Subgingival = **(aerobic or anaerobic?)** * Tooth = (gram + or gram -?) * Epithelium = (gram + or gram -?)

Discuss the Composition of Dental Plaque in regards to each of the following: * Organic constitutes = (4)? * Inorganic constitutes = (4)? * **Supragingival components derive from \_\_\_\_\_.** * **Subgingival components derive from \_\_\_\_\_\_.**

Discuss the **FIRST** step in dental plaque formation: * _____ formation * How quickly does this occur? * What does it consist of?

Discuss the **SECOND** step in dental plaque formation: * What occurs in the 2nd step? * how fast does this occur? * Initial adhesion is due to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * Firm attachment is due to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Discuss the THIRD step of dental plaque formation: * What occurs in the 3rd step? * How fast does this occur? * Firmly attached primary colonizers provide new receptors fo r attachment of other bacteria in a process called \_\_\_\_\_\_. * As bacteria grow and the biofilm matures, there is a shift from _______ to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Discuss the Phases of Specific Bacteria in the formation of dental plaque: * Make sure to pay attention to the slide on the other side of this notecard.

Discuss Biofilm in regards to each of the following: * **\_\_\_\_\_\_ run though the plaque mass permitting the passage of nutrients.** * **\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to communication among bacteria in biofilm to encourage growth of beneficial species and discourage growth of competing species.** * Biofilm bacteria are _________ than planktonic or free-swimming bacteria.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to communication among bacteria in biofilm to encourage growth of beneficial species and discourage growth of competing species.

Quorum sensing

Review the different Microbial Complexes of dental plaque:

Which of the following is associated with BOP and deeper pockets? A. Red complex B. Orange complex

A. Red complex

All of the following are associated with the Red Complex EXCEPT: A. P. gingivalis B. T. denticola C. Fusobacterium D. T. forsythia **\*\*\*GAURENTEED BOARDS Q\*\*\***

C. Fusobacterium

What are the 3 bacteria associated with the Red Complex? \*\*\*GAURENTEED BOARDS Q\*\*\*

P. gingivalis, T. Denticola and T. forsythia

All of the following are associated with the **Orange Complex** EXCEPT: A. P. intermedia B. P. gingivalis C. Fusobacterium D. Campyobacter rectus **\*\*\*GAURENTEED BOARDS Q\*\*\***

B. P. gingivalis

What are the 3 bacteria associated with the Organge Complex? **\*\*\*GAURENTEED BOARDS\*\*\***

**Fusobacteria, P. intermedia, and Campylobacter rectus**

Discuss the **Plaque Hypothesis** in regards to each of the following: * **Non-specific = ?** * **Specific = ?** * **Ecological = ?**

Which of the following is associated with **Pregnancy gingivitis**? A. P. Gingivalis B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans C. T. Denticola D. T. Forsythia E. P. Intermedia **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

E. P. Intermedia A. actinomycetemcomitans = Aggressive periodontitis P. gingivalis = Chronic periodontitis T. denticola = ANUG/ANUP P. intermedia = Pregnancy gingivitis

Which of the following is associated with **ANUG/ANUP**? A. P. Gingivalis B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans C. T. Denticola D. T. Forsythia E. P. Intermedia **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. T. Denticola A. actinomycetemcomitans = Aggressive periodontitis P. gingivalis = Chronic periodontitis T. denticola = ANUG/ANUP P. intermedia = Pregnancy gingivitis

Which of the following is associated with **Agressive periodontitis**? A. P. Gingivalis B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans C. T. Denticola D. T. Forsythia E. P. Intermedia **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans A. actinomycetemcomitans = Aggressive periodontitis P. gingivalis = Chronic periodontitis T. denticola = ANUG/ANUP P. intermedia = Pregnancy gingivitis

Which of the following is associated with **Chronic periodontitis**? A. P. Gingivalis B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans C. T. Denticola D. T. Forsythia E. P. Intermedia **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. P. Gingivalis A. actinomycetemcomitans = Aggressive periodontitis P. gingivalis = Chronic periodontitis T. denticola = ANUG/ANUP P. intermedia = Pregnancy gingivitis

Which of the following bacteria contains protease that cleaves immunoglobulins and complement factors? A. P. Gingivalis B. A. Actinomycetemcomitans C. T. Denticola D. T. Forsythia E. P. Intermedia **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. T. Forsythia A. actinomycetemcomitans = Aggressive periodontitis P. gingivalis = Chronic periodontitis T. denticola = ANUG/ANUP P. intermedia = Pregnancy gingivitis

Which of the following is a motile, gram-negative rod with polar flagellum? A. C. rectus B. F. nucleatum C. P. intermedia D. T. forsythia

A. C. rectus

Which of the following bacteria is a non motile, gram-negative rod that induces apoptosis of leukocytes and release of tissue-damaging substances from leukocytes? A. C. rectus B. F. nucleatum C. P. intermedia D. T. forsythia

B. F. nucleatum

Which of the following bacteria is associated with **implants?** A. Actinmyces B. S. mutans C. S. salivarius D. Pseudomonas and Staph

D. Pseudomonas and Staph

Which of the following bacteria is associated with **coronal caries**? A. Actinmyces B. S. mutans C. S. salivarius D. Pseudomonas and Staph

B. S. mutans

Which of the following bacteria is associated with _healthy gingiva_ and **root caries**? A. Actinmyces B. S. mutans C. S. salivarius D. Pseudomonas and Staph

A. Actinmyces

Which of the following bacteria is the most common oral bacteria and resides on the tongue? A. Actinmyces B. S. mutans C. S. salivarius D. Pseudomonas and Staph

C. S. salivarius

Discuss **Calculus** in regards to each of the following: * What is calculus? * Precipitation of mineral salts into plaque usually occurs within _____ days. * Although calculus does not serve as a mechanical irritant to gingival tissues, it is always covered with a layer of _______ which serves as the primary irritant. * **Supragingival calculus = ?** * **Subgingival calculus = ?** * How can calculus be detected?

Discuss **Materia Alba** in regards to each of the following: * What is it? * Easily displaced with \_\_\_\_\_.

A **brown** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH

A **dark brown and black** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. Tobacco

A **orange** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH

A **black** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron

A **Yellow-brown** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Usually on anterior teeth, poor OH B. Drinking dark colored beverages, poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. CHX and stannous fluoride

A **Green and yellow** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Occupational exposure of metallic dust B. Chromogenic bacteria and poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Chromogenic bacteria and poor OH

A **Bluish-green** extrinsic stain may indicate which of the following? A. Occupational exposure of metallic dust B. Chromogenic bacteria and poor OH C. Tobacco D. CHX and stannous fluoride E. Thin lines on cervical third, found in healthy mouths, consumption of iron **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Occupational exposure of metallic dust

Discuss **Malocclusion** in regards to each of the following: * _____ can contribute to plaque retentive areas * Prominent roots and teeth associated w/ high frena often experience gingival \_\_\_\_\_. * Mesial drift or extrusion associated with missing teeth can lead to food impact ion and _______ retention.

Discuss faulty restoration in regards to each of the following: * Overhangs, open margins, rough surfaces, open contacts can all create an environment conucive to _______ retention. * **Overcontoured restorations are _____ for gingival health than undercontoured restorations. \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Subgingival margins, even when not faulty, are associated with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, gingival inflammation and deeper pockets.

Discuss Appliances in regards to gingival health: * RPDs may result in increased mobility of abutment teeth and increased \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * Orthodontic therapy has also been shown to increase ______ and can create excessive forces on the periodontium * Periodontal health must be established before initiating _______ therapy. * Oral jewelry can also result in \_\_\_\_\_, _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_.

Discuss Self-Inflicted Injury in regards to each of the following: * Aggressive horizontal brushing can cause ______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_. * Improper use of toothpicks and fingernail bitting can damage \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Review Neutrophils in regards to periodontal health: * ____ line of defense. * Defective neutrophil chemotaxis leads to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Which of the following is associated with **IgE**? A. Neutrophils B. Eosinophils C. Macrophages D. Mast cells E. Lymphocytes **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. Mast cells

Which of the following are Antigen-presenting cells that regulate immune response via cytokine release (like IL-8)? A. Neutrophils B. Eosinophils C. Macrophages D. Mast cells E. Lymphocytes

C. Macrophages

Discuss Lymphocytes in regards to each of the following: * B cells become ________ and make \_\_\_\_\_. * T helper cells (CD4) help in \_\_\_\_\_. * T cytotoxic cells (CD8) kill \_\_\_\_\_. * NK cells are T cells that can recognize and kill _____ and _____ cells.

Which of the following pro inflammatory mediators is responsible for **collagen destruction**? A. IL-1 B. IL-6 C. PGE2 D. TNFa E. MMPs

E. MMPs MMPs = matrix metallic proteinase

All of the following are Anti-inflammatory Mediators EXCEPT: A. IL-6 B. IL-4 C. IL-10 D. TIMPs E. All of the above are Anti-inflammatory mediators

A. IL-6

List all 3 of the Anti-inflammatory Mediators:

IL-4, IL-10 and TIMPs

Which of the following Proinflammatory Mediators is associated with **bone resorption**? A. IL-1 B. IL-6 C. PGE2 D. TNFa E. MMPs

A. IL-1

Discuss each of the following Stages in regards to Pathogenesis of Gingivitis: * Stage 1 = ? * Stage 2 = ? * Stage 3 = ? * Stage 4 = ?

Discuss Short term and long term goals in regards to periodontal disease:

Discuss the Preliminary Phase (0) of periodontal disease:

Discuss the non-surgical phase of periodontal disease: * _____ control and \_\_\_\_\_. * **Periodontal re-evaluation = should occur how long after completing of phase 1? \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Discuss the Surgical phase of periodontal disease: * Reduce or eliminate \_\_\_\_\_\_, correct \_\_\_\_\_\_, regenerate ______ or place \_\_\_\_\_\_.

Discuss the Restorative Phase in regards to periodontal disease:

Which of the following should occur **4-8 weeks** after SRPs? A. Perio maintenance B. Perio re-evaluation \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\*

B. Perio re-evaluation

Which of the following should occur **3 months** after SRPs? A. Perio maintenance B. Perio re-evaluation \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\*

A. Perio maintenance

Discuss each of the following phases in regards to periodontal disease: * (0) Preliminary phase = ? * (1) Non-surgical phase = ? * (2) Surgical phase = ? * (3) Restorative phase = ? * (4) Maintenance Phase = ?

Unchangeable background characteristics, increases likelihood of disease (gender, genetics): A. Risk factor B. Risk determinant C. Risk indicator D. Risk marker or predictor **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Risk determinant

Quantitative association with disease (previous history, attachment level): A. Risk factor B. Risk determinant C. Risk indicator D. Risk marker or predictor **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. Risk marker or predictor

Not causally associated with the disease (stress, osteoporosis may influence periodontal disease): A. Risk factor B. Risk determinant C. Risk indicator D. Risk marker or predictor **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. Risk indicator

Causally associated with the disease (smoking leads to periodontal disease): A. Risk factor B. Risk determinant C. Risk indicator D. Risk marker or predictor **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Risk factor

All of the following are Risk Factors for periodontal disease EXCEPT: A. Smoking B. Diabetes C. Osteoporosis D. Pathogenic bacteria E. Microbial tooth deposits

C. Osteoporosis

All of the following are Risk Determinants for periodontal disease EXCEPT: A. Genetics B. Stress C. Age D. Gender E. Socioeconomic status

B. Stress

All of the following are Risk Indicators for periodontal disease EXCEPT: A. HIV/AIDS B. Osteoporosis C. Infrequent dental visits D. Smoking E. Stress

D. Smoking

All of the following are Risk Markers for periodontal disease EXCEPT: A. Previous history of periodontal disease B. Microbial tooth deposits C. CAL D. BOP E. All of the above are Risk Markers for periodontal disease

B. Microbial tooth deposits

What is a prognosis?

Review each of the following regarding periodontal disease: * Prognosis * Clincial factors * Systemic factors * Local factors * Anatomic factors * Prosthetic and Restorative factors

**\_\_\_\_\_ is the most important factor in determining the prognosis of periodontal disease.** \*\*\*PROBABLY ONLY Q YOULL GET ON PROGNOSIS FOR BOARDS\*\*\*

**CAL**

Discuss scaling and root planing:

Which of the following is used on **Tenacious Calculus**? A. Sickle Scalers B. Cutettes C. Ultrasonic Scalers

C. Ultrasonic Scalers

Which of the following is used on for **Subgingival calculus**? A. Sickle Scalers B. Cutettes C. Ultrasonic Scalers

B. Cutettes

Which of the following is used on for **Supragingival calculus**? A. Sickle Scalers B. Cutettes C. Ultrasonic Scalers

A. Sickle Scalers

Which of the following Curettes is used on **anterior teeth only**? A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4 B. Gracey 5-6 C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10 D. Gracey 11-12 E. Gracey 13-14 **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4

Which of the following Curettes is used on **Posterior Mesial surfaces**? A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4 B. Gracey 5-6 C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10 D. Gracey 11-12 E. Gracey 13-14 **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. Gracey 11-12

Which of the following Curettes is used on **Posterior teeth Distal surfaces**? A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4 B. Gracey 5-6 C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10 D. Gracey 11-12 E. Gracey 13-14 **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

E. Gracey 13-14

Which of the following Curettes is used on **anteriors and premolars**? A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4 B. Gracey 5-6 C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10 D. Gracey 11-12 E. Gracey 13-14 **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Gracey 5-6

Which of the following Curettes is used on **Posteriors, facial and lingual**? A. Gracey 1-2 and 3-4 B. Gracey 5-6 C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10 D. Gracey 11-12 E. Gracey 13-14 **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. Gracey 7-8 and 9-10

Which of the following has two cutting edges and is **Semicircle** in cross section? A. Sickle Scalers B. Universal curettes C. Gracey curettes

B. Universal curettes

Which of the following has **two** cutting edges and is **Triangle in cross section**? A. Sickle Scalers B. Universal curettes C. Gracey curettes

A. Sickle Scalers

Which of the following has **one** cutting edges and is **semicircle in cross section**? A. Sickle Scalers B. Universal curettes C. Gracey curettes

C. Gracey curettes

Which of the following ultrasonic scalers vibrate in an **elliptical pattern** (rounded)? A. Magnetostictive ultrasonic B. Piezoelectric ultrasonic

A. Magnetostictive ultrasonic

Which of the following ultrasonic scalers vibrate in a linear pattern? A. Magnetostictive ultrasonic B. Piezoelectric ultrasonic

A. Magnetostictive ultrasonic

Which of the following strokes should be used when **Scaling**? A. Light feeling stroke used with probes and explorers B. Short, strong pull stroke to remove hard deposits C. Light to moderate pull stroke used for final smoothing D. Light intermittent strokes with tip parallel to the tooth surface and in constant motion **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Short, strong pull stroke to remove hard deposits

When using an **ultrasonic** you should be using which of the following strokes? A. Light feeling stroke used with probes and explorers B. Short, strong pull stroke to remove hard deposits C. Light to moderate pull stroke used for final smoothing D. Light intermittent strokes with tip parallel to the tooth surface and in constant motion **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

D. Light intermittent strokes with tip parallel to the tooth surface and in constant motion

When root planing you want to \_\_\_\_\_ A. Light feeling stroke used with probes and explorers B. Short, strong pull stroke to remove hard deposits C. Light to moderate pull stroke used for final smoothing D. Light intermittent strokes with tip parallel to the tooth surface and in constant motion **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. Light to moderate pull stroke used for final smoothing

When doing **Exploratory** strokes you should \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Light feeling stroke B. Short, strong pull stroke to remove hard deposits C. Light to moderate pull stroke used for final smoothing D. Light intermittent strokes with tip parallel to the tooth surface and in constant motion **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Light feeling stroke used with probes and explorers

Discuss each of the following: * Prophy cup and brush * Prophy jet

Discuss Flap Design in regards to each of the following: * \_\_\_\_wide/narrow\_\_\_\_ base to ensure adequate blood supply. * Incision \_\_\_\_\_\_, not over bony defects or eminences. * _____ corners. * Vertical releases at \_\_\_\_\_. * Avoid _____ structures. * Post-operative plaque control is the _______ after periodontal surgery. **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Which of the following involves the gingiva/mucosa, submucosa, and **periosteum**? A. Split or partial thickness flap B. Full thickness flap

B. Full thickness flap

Which of the following is used for mucogingicval surgery? A. Split or partial thickness flap B. Full thickness flap

A. Split or partial thickness flap

Which of the following is used for **Osseous surgery and periodontal regeneration** to permit primary closure as well as in apically repositioned flaps? A. Split or partial thickness flap B. Full thickness flap

B. Full thickness flap

Whenever alveolar bone is exposed like in full thickness flaps, expect about ____ of bone resorption and remodeling. A. 1mm B. 2mm C. 3mm D. 4mm

A. 1mm

Discuss Papilla preservation flap in regards to each of the following: * Conventional flap = ? * Papilla preservation flap = ?

Which of the following is described as though **base of pocket to alveolar crest** in regards to full thickness flaps? A. Internal or reverse bevel B. Sulcular or crevicular incision C. Interdental or interproximal incision

B. Sulcular or crevicular incision

Which of the following is described as about **1mm from the gingival margin, removes pocket lining yet conserves outer gingiva** in regards to full thickness flaps? A. Internal or reverse bevel B. Sulcular or crevicular incision C. Interdental or interproximal incision

A. Internal or reverse bevel

Which of the following is described as removes the collar of tissue around the tooth you created with the first two incision in regards to full thickness flaps? A. Internal or reverse bevel B. Sulcular or crevicular incision C. Interdental or interproximal incision

C. Interdental or interproximal incision

Discuss Full Thickness Flaps in regards to each of the following: * What are the 3 horizontal incisions? * Internal or reverse bevel = ? * Sulcular or crevicular incision = ? * Interdental or interproximal incision = ? * Modified Widman flap = ? * Apically repositioned flap = ?

Discuss Periodontal Pack in regards to each of the following: * Usually consists of \_\_\_\_\_. * Leave in place for ____ week(s). * Why are packs placed? * **Packs do ____ enhance healing \*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Discuss Gingival Surgery in regards to each of the following: * Gingivectomy = ? * Gingivoplasty = ?

Discuss Distal Wedge gingival surgery in regards to each of the following: * What is Distal Wedge gingival surgery? * Maxillary = ? * Mandiular = ? **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

Which of the following mucogingival surgeries is done for **root coverage**? A. Free gingival graft B. Connective tissue graft C. Fenectomy D. Frenotomy E. Vestibuloplasty **\*\*\*BOARDS 4 SURE\*\*\***

B. Connective tissue graft

Which of the following mucogingival surgeries is done to **widen band of keratinized tissue**? A. Free gingival graft B. Connective tissue graft C. Fenectomy D. Frenotomy E. Vestibuloplasty **\*\*\*BOARDS 4 SURE\*\*\***

A. Free gingival graft

Discuss Free Gingival Graft in regards to each of the following: * Minimum width? * Attached gingiva helps \_\_\_\_\_. * Ideal thickness of graft is \_\_\_\_\_mm * A "free" graft by definition is transplanted without a nourishing blood supply so it must undergo \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Discuss Connective Tissue Graft in regards to each of the following: * Harvest the inner connective tissue only and not the \_\_\_\_\_\_. * Donor sites should always have enough \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * ____ is the most common donor site for both FGG and CTG.

Discuss Osseous Surgery in regards to each of the following: * Visualization of bony architecture allows clinician to determine \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * Positive architecture = ? * Flat architecture = ? * Negative architecture = ?

Discuss Osseous Surgery in regards to each of the following: * **Ostectomy = ?** * **Osteotomy = ?** * After ostectomy, peaks of bone often remain at the line angles called ______ which predispose to periodontal pockets in these areas.

Discuss Clinical Crown Lengthening:

Clinical Crown lengthening is a form of ostectomy that is done to gain ferrul. Gingivectomy is done to accomplish clinical crown lengthening.

Discuss the Mechanisms of Healing after surgery in regards to each of the following: * Regeneration = ? * Repair = ? * Reattachment = ? * New attachment = ?

Which of the following is defined as not completely restoring architecture and function, involving healing by scar or formation of long JE? A. Regeneration B. Repair C. Reattachment D. New attachment

B. Repair

Which of the following is defined as the reunion of epithelial and connective tissue with root surface after incision or injury? A. Regeneration B. Repair C. Reattachment D. New attachment

C. Reattachment

Which of the following is defined as completely restoring architecture and function? A. Regeneration B. Repair C. Reattachment D. New attachment

A. Regeneration

Which of the following is defined as embedding of new PDL fibers into new cementum that has been previously deprived of its original attachment? A. Regeneration B. Repair C. Reattachment D. New attachment

D. New attachment

Discuss **Periodontal Regeneration** in regards to each of the following: * Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) = regenerates what 3 things? * Barrier membrane? * Bone graft? * Biologic agent? * 3 B's?

Discuss Wound Healing in regards to each of the following: * These cells populate a wound area during the healing process from fastest to slowest: * Epithelial cells * CT cells * PDL cells * Bone cells

Discuss Root Surface Treatment: * Chelating agents like _____ and ______ can expose the collagen fibrils through demineralization and may improve new attachment.

Which of the following bone grafts is form another human, usually a cadaver? A. Autograft B. Allograft C. Xenograft D. Alloplast

B. Allograft

Which of the following bone grafts is synthetic or inorganic? A. Autograft B. Allograft C. Xenograft D. Alloplast

D. Alloplast

Which of the following bone grafts is from yourself? A. Autograft B. Allograft C. Xenograft D. Alloplast

A. Autograft

Which of the following bone grafts is from another animal, usually a cow? A. Autograft B. Allograft C. Xenograft D. Alloplast

C. Xenograft

Which of the following convert neighboring progenitor cells into osteoblast? A. Osteoconductive B. Osteoinductive C. Osteogenic

B. Osteoinductive

Which of the following make bone? A. Osteoconductive B. Osteoinductive C. Osteogenic

C. Osteogenic

Which of the following is a scaffold? A. Osteoconductive B. Osteoinductive C. Osteogenic

A. Osteoconductive

Which of the following is considered the best because it has all three (osteoconductive, osteoinductive and osteogenic)? A. Autograft B. Allograft C. Xenograft D. Alloplast

A. Autograft

Review Additive and Subtractive periodontal surgeries:

Which of the following is **regeneration** indicated? A. 1 and 2 wall defects B. 3 and 4 wall defects C. Hamp class II D. Miller class I

B. 3 and 4 wall defects

Which of the following is **resection** indicated? A. 1 and 2 wall defects B. 3 and 4 wall defects C. Hamp class II D. Miller class I

A. 1 and 2 wall defects

Which of the following is **ideal for regenerating infrabony defects**? A. 1 and 2 wall defects B. 3 and 4 wall defects C. Hamp class II D. Miller class I E. Deep narrow 3-wall

E. Deep narrow 3-wall

Which of the following is ideal for **regenerating Furcation defects**? A. 1 and 2 wall defects B. 3 and 4 wall defects C. Hamp class II D. Miller class I E. Deep narrow 3-wall

C. Hamp class II

Which of the following is ideal for **regenerating recession defects**? A. Miller class 3 B. Miller class 2 C. Hamp class II D. Miller class I E. Deep narrow 3-wall

D. Miller class I

Discuss antibiotics in regards to Periodontitis: * Antibiotics aim to decrease _______ in the periodontal pocket. * Should only be used as an adjunct to _______ during phase 1. * Only use antibiotics for _______ and _______ periodontitis. * What two types of antibiotics should not be given at the same time?

Which antibiotic concentrate in GCF?

Tetracyclines

What is the most effective perio tx in regards to antibiotics?

Amoxicillin (500mg TID) + Metronidazole (250mg TID) for 14 days * Duration is more important than dose - the longer the better * Avoid alcohol w/ MTZ

Discuss **Local Delivery Antibiotics** (LDA) in regards to each of the following: * When are LDAs indicated? * What are the 3 LDAs?

Which of the following Local Antibiotics in the brand name for **Chlorhexidine gluconate**? A. Arrestin B. Atridox C. PerioChip **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

C. PerioChip

Which of the following Local Antibiotics in the brand name for **Minocycline**? A. Arrestin B. Atridox C. PerioChip **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

A. Arrestin

Which of the following Local Antibiotics in the brand name for Doxycycline? A. Arrestin B. Atridox C. PerioChip **\*\*\*BOARDS\*\*\***

B. Atridox Arrest**_in_** = M**_in_**oclycline Atri**_dox_** = **_Dox_**ycycline Perio**_Ch_**ip = **_Ch_**lorhexidine gluconate

Discuss **Host Modulation Therapy** in regards to Periodontitis: * Host modulation therapy aims to ________ of the host immune response * Should only be used as an adjunct to ______ during phase 1. * **\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Periodontits** * What drugs are in this category?

Which of the following Host Modulation Therapies **inhibit osteoclasts**? A. NSAIDs B. Bisphosphonates C. Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline (SSD) D. Emdogain E. PDGF

B. Bisphosphonates

Which of the following Host Modulation Therapies **inhibits MMPs** (collagenases)? ## Footnote A. NSAIDs B. Bisphosphonates C. Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline (SSD) D. Emdogain E. PDGF

C. Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline (SSD)

Which of the following Host Modulation Therapies **inhibit prostaglandins**? ## Footnote A. NSAIDs B. Bisphosphonates C. Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline (SSD) D. Emdogain E. PDGF

A. NSAIDs

Discuss **Locally** Administered Host-Modifying Agents in regards to each of the following: * What do these surgical adjuncts do? * Emdogain = ? * PDGF = ?

Discuss **Occlusal Correction** in regards to periodontal disease: * Sometimes the root of the problem is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * Traumatic occlusion = ?

Which of the following is caused by normal occlusal forces on a **Reduced Periodontium**? A. Primary occlusal trauma B. Secondary occlusal trauma C. Fremitus D. All of the above

B. Secondary occlusal trauma

Which of the following is caused by normal occlusal forces on a **Normal Periodontium**? ## Footnote A. Primary occlusal trauma B. Secondary occlusal trauma C. Fremitus D. All of the above

A. Primary occlusal trauma

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the vibration of teeth upon closing.

**Fremitus**

Discuss Occlusal Therapy in regards to periodontitis: * Occlusal therapy should be delayed until after ______ is resolved. * Occlusal adjustment (coronoplasty) = ? * Interocclusal appliance (bite guard) = ?

Discuss **Splinting** in regards to periodontitis: * Improving patient comfort and function by \_\_\_\_\_\_. * Not indicated for ______ or ______ unless it bothers the patient.

Discuss Furcation Correction in regards to periodontitis: * Sometimes a furcation involvement makes _________ near impossible * Furcation Plasty = ? * Tunneling = ? * Root Amputation/ Root Resection = ? * Hemisection/Premolarization = ?

Discuss Toothbrushing in regards to each of the following: * **Bass method** = ? * _______ brushes do not tend to traumatize gingival tissues * How often do you need to replace your tooth brush?

Sulcular brushing where bristles are placed at gingival margin at a 45 degree angle to the tooth, the bristles extend about 0.5mm subgingivally to effectively disrupt plaque buildup in the cervical area. This method of toothbrushing is referred to as \_\_\_\_\_\_.

**Bass method**

Discuss **Flossing** in regards to each of the following: * Curve floss into a \_\_\_\_\_shape against the side of the tooth * Rub the floss gently up and down along the side of each tooth * Dont forget to floss \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Waterpiks are designed to flush out gross food debris and ________ on the gingiva, NOT ______ on the tooth surface.

Periodontits (chronic) is most prevalent in which of the following? A. Hispanic females B. African males C. Hispanic males D. Asian males E. African females **\*\*\*GAURENTEED BOARD Q\*\*\***

B. African males

Discuss each of the following in regards to periodontitis: * Perio Re-evaluation should be how long after phase 1 non-surgical therapy? * Perio Maintenance should be every ______ for the first year.

Periodontics Flashcards

(205 cards)