Overview of Aging

Question 1

Geriatrics

Answer 1

The branch of medicine concerned with the medical problems and care of the aged

Question 2

Geras

Answer 2

Old age

Question 3

Iatrikos

Answer 3

Healing

Question 4

Gerontology

Answer 4

The scientific study of the biological, psychological and social aspects of aging

Question 5

Current percent of pop above 65 years

Answer 5

14.5%

Question 6

Projected 2050 percent of pop above 65 years

Answer 6

21%

Question 7

Functional classification of age groups - Young Adult

Answer 7

20-39
1st half of working life
90-100% function

Question 8

Functional classification of age groups - Middle Age

Answer 8

40-64
2nd half of working life
10-30% dec function

Question 9

Functional classification of age groups - Old Age

Answer 9

65-74
Immediate post retirement period
Significant loss of function but maintain homeostasis

Question 10

Functional classification of age groups - Very Old Age

Answer 10

75-84
Likely impairment of function for ADLs
General potential for relative independence

Question 11

Functional classification of age groups - Oldest Old Age

Answer 11

85+
High incidence of need for help with ADLs
High risk for nursing or institutional care assistance

Question 12

Key demographics - Population over 65 current is 1 in __ 2030?

Answer 12

Current = 1 in 8
2030 = 1 in 5

Question 13

Key demographics - marital status

Answer 13

Women outlive men at all ages
75% of men live with spouse
40% women

Question 14

Key demographics - poverty

Answer 14

9% of elderly in poverty
8% live within 125% poverty level
1 in 5 are at or near poverty
Women = 2X rate of men

Question 15

Health Care - what percent of non institutionalized individuals over 65 years rate health as good to excellent

Answer 15

40%

Question 16

Health Care - how many have chronic condition

Answer 16

More than 1/2

Question 17

Health Care - what percentage over 65 have some kind of disability

Answer 17

37%

Question 18

Health Care - Visits to physician per year

Answer 18

6. 8 over 65

3. 8 under 65

Question 19

in 2014 how many over 65 required long term care

Answer 19

9 million

Question 20

Annual cost of private room in SNF is

Answer 20

73,000

Question 21

Ageist attitudes of healthcare professionals

Answer 21

Neg attitudes toward older adults
Need to justify why medical needs were not addressed
Feelings of frustration about demands
Feelings of helplessness from lack of cure
Inc awareness of ones own mortality

Question 22

Social roles

Answer 22

Retirement - daily recognition to limited recognition
Caregiver
Grandparents raising grandchildren
All with fixed income

Question 23

Those with adequate social connections have what percentage greater likelihood of longevity

Answer 23

50%

Question 24

Cultural perspectives - Vietnamese

Answer 24

elder is authority

Question 25

Cultural perspectives - Athabascan Indian Culture in Alaksa

Answer 25

Elder is burden

Question 26

Cultural perspectives - US

Answer 26

Individualism

Question 27

Cultural perspectives - Hispanic

Answer 27

Close family relationship

Question 28

Social Relationships

Answer 28

Desire and engage in social relationships | Computers and social media

Question 29

Aging couple - by 85 yo ___ women for every ___ men

Answer 29

100 women for every 54 men

Question 30

Aging parent

Answer 30

Continue to provide emotional, physical and financial support Finger pointing may occur Adults(children) in sandwich role Grandparents welcome interaction

Question 31

Advocacy groups

Answer 31

AARP Gray Panthers - fighting ageism Senior Service America

Question 32

Health promotion and disease prevention

Answer 32

Healthy people 2020

Question 33

Healthy people 2020 goals

Answer 33

Attain high equality, longer lives free of dx Achieve health equity Create social environment that promote good health Promote quality of life

Question 34

Exercise

Answer 34

Use it or lose it Maintain fitness, stimulate mind, establish social contact... Exercise should emphasize strength, flexibility, and endurance

Question 35

Stress Management

Answer 35

``` Exercise Diet Mm relaxation Mediation Deep breathing Visualization desensitization Biofeedback ```

Question 36

Substance Abuse

Answer 36

Alcohol, recreational drugs and medication absorbed at higher levels - lean body mass, polypharmacy

Question 37

Economics

Answer 37

Changes in financial status or financial aid security

Question 38

Life span

Answer 38

Length of life (birth to death)

Question 39

Longevity

Answer 39

Number of years of life

Question 40

Mean longevity USA

Answer 40

Life expectancy 76 yrs ideal is 85 yrs 95% die between 77-93

Question 41

Max longevity

Answer 41

Max life span | 110-120 yrs

Question 42

Intrinsic Factors

Answer 42

Primary determinants of possible life span + life expectancy Genetic code Heredity

Question 43

Extrinsic Factors

Answer 43

Factors that modify the genetically endowed life span Non-genetic factors Environmental influences Social, psychological, environmental factors

Question 44

Causes of death

Answer 44

Trauma or Accidents Disease Eugeric Death

Question 45

Trauma or Accidents - Cause of Death

Answer 45

Major cause in young | Numbers influenced by values of society

Question 46

Disease - Cause of Death

Answer 46

Older body less tolerant Numbers influenced by knowledge and technology Pathogeria = disease of the old

Question 47

Eugeric Death - Cause of Death

Answer 47

Death due to no specific pathology Not caused by trauma, accident, or disease Inability to maintain homeostasis

Question 48

Chronic Dx leading to death

Answer 48

23% of deaths from chronic disease are from sedentary lifestyles OA, CAD, COPD, Stroke, PVD, Depression, Parkinsons, RA

Question 49

Universal Manifestations of Aging - Anatomical Changes

Answer 49

``` Thinning and graying of hair Deterioration of teeth Body weight loss and redistribution Loss of nerve cells Loss of mm mass Inc cellular inclusion of aging pigments ```

Question 50

Universal Manifestations of Aging - Physiological Changes

Answer 50

Decline in motor activity Reproductive senescence Impaired homeostasis