1
Q
who received the bastard of fauconberg’s submission on the 27th may 1471?
A
richard of gloucester
2
Q
whose pacification did richard of gloucester receive on the 27th may 1471?
A
the bastard of fauconberg
3
Q
how did the bastard of fauconberg submit to edward iv in may 1471?
A
richard of Gloucester received the Bastard of Fauconberg’s submission, and took his ships; Fauconberg received a pardon
4
Q
what did the bastard of fauconberg receive in return for his submission in may 1471?
A
a pardon
5
Q
where did fauconberg serve in june 1471, after his submission?
A
Fauconberg served with Gloucester in the north
6
Q
who did fauconberg serve with in june 1471, after his submission?
A
Fauconberg served with Gloucester in the north
7
Q
what happened to the bastard of fauconberg after his submission in may 1471?
A
- 10 Jun 1471: Fauconberg served with Gloucester in the north
- Sep 1471: Fauconberg executed, probably by Gloucester, and his head was set on London Bridge looking towards Kent
8
Q
what happened to the bastard of fauconberg after serving with gloucester in the north?
A
Sep 1471: Fauconberg executed, probably by Gloucester, and his head was set on London Bridge looking towards Kent
9
Q
who were Spicing and Quint?
A
petty captains from Essex who had led the attack on the gates of London
10
Q
what happened to Spicing and Quint?
A
beheaded
11
Q
why were Spicing and Quint beheaded?
A
they had led the attack on the gates of London
12
Q
who was Nicholas Faunt?
A
the rebel mayor of canterbury
13
Q
what happened to nicholas faunt?
A
hung, drawn, and quartered
14
Q
how did edward iv deal with rebel garrison of Calais in july 1471?
A
- Hastings took over as Captain of Calais from Earl Rivers
- Pardoned Warwick’s followers, Wrottesley and Gate, and paid the garrison’s wages, easily securing submission
- Richard Whetehill and John Blount reappointed as captains of Guines and Hammes in the Calais Pale
15
Q
why did Hastings take over as Captain of Calais from Earl Rivers?
A
Rivers wished to go on crusade
16
Q
why was there bad blood between hastings and rivers?
A
- Rivers wished to go on crusade
- The king’s anger at Rivers’ led to his replacement as captain of calais by hastings
17
Q
who did edward iv pardon from the calais garrison?
A
Wrottesley and Gate
18
Q
who were Wrottesley and Gate?
A
warwick’s followers at the calais garrison
19
Q
how did edward iv secure submission of the calais garrison in july 1471?
A
Pardoned Warwick’s followers, Wrottesley and Gate, and paid the garrison’s wages
20
Q
how did edward iv prevent further rebellion of the calais garrison in july 1471?
A
Wrottesley, Gate, and Montagu’s heir, George Neville Duke of Bedford, who had been sent there for safety, were brought home to London
21
Q
who did edward iv reappoint as captains of Guines and Hammes in the Calais Pale in july 1471?
A
Richard Whetehill and John Blount
22
Q
what roles did edward iv appoint Richard Whetehill and John Blount to in july 1471?
A
as captains of Guines and Hammes in the Calais Pale
23
Q
how did edward iv attempt to secure submission of wales?
A
Roger Vaughan of Tretower sent to fight Jasper Tudor
24
Q
who did edward iv send to fight jasper tudor in wales, during his second reign?
A
Roger Vaughan of Tretower
25
who did edward iv send Roger Vaughan of Tretower to fight?
jasper tudor
26
what happened to roger vaughan in wales?
Captured by Jasper's forces and executed at Chepstow
27
why did jasper tudor kill roger vaughan?
likely due to a blood feud, as Roger had led Owen Tudor to the executioner's block after Mortimer's Cross
28
why was there a blood feud between jasper tudor and roger vaughan?
Roger had led Owen Tudor to the executioner's block after Mortimer's Cross
29
what did jasper tudor do after killing roger vaughan?
Jasper withdrew to Pembroke Castle, taking his nephew Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond
30
why did the yorkist siege of jasper and henry tudor at pembroke castle fail?
Yorkist siege of Pembroke Castle failed as a force of Jasper's Welsh supporters came to his aid
31
how did edward iv try to deal with rebellious wales after september 1471?
Commissions to deal with rebels issued to William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, & Walter Devereux, Lord Ferrers
32
what commissions were issued to deal with wales after september 1471?
William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, & Walter Devereux, Lord Ferrers
33
where did henry and jasper tudor flee to in late september 1471?
fled to France but landed in Brittany due to bad weather
34
what happened to henry and jasper tudor once in brittamy september 1471?
became the object of rival moves by Edward IV and Louis XI to obtain possession of them
35
why did jasper and henry tudor end up in brittany in late september 1471?
due to bad weather
36
how did edward iv deal with south east rebels after recovering the throne?
Edward IV appointed 2 commissions
37
who led the commisions appointed by edward iv 15-16 july 1471 to deal with south-east rebels?
- William FitzAlan, Arundel, and Lord Dinham led the one for Kent, Sussex, and the Cinque Ports
- Henry Bourchier, Earl of Essex, and Sir William Bourchier eld the one for Essex
38
who led the commision appointed by edward iv 15-16 july 1471 to deal with kent, sussex, and the cinque ports?
William FitzAlan, Arundel, and Lord Dinham
39
who led the commision appointed by edward iv 15-16 july 1471 to deal with essex?
Henry Bourchier, Earl of Essex, and Sir William Bourchier
40
what was the outcome of the commissions appointed by edward iv to deal with the southeast in july 1471?
Many people arrested and some executed; mainly fined
41
what were the communal fines for essex and kent in 1471?
£250 for Essex and over £1700 for Kent
42
who had to face fines during edwrad iv's pacification of the south east?
Some powerful individuals implicated in the Bastard's activities had to purchase the king's grace with heavy fines
43
what was the condition of lord de la warr's pardon?
had to enter into bonds and to pay a fine of 1000 marks
44
where apart from the south east also had to pay fines during edward iv's pacification?
Fines extracted from others outside the south-east, like Sir William Eure and other Yorkshire gentry (£400)
45
who did edward iv receive gifts from during his pacification?
'Gifts' extracted from Lancastrian bishops who had been placed in the Tower after Barnet, and obtained pardons in the summer and autumn
46
what happened to canterbury and the cinque ports during edward iv's pacification?
Canterbury and the Cinque Ports forfeited their liberties, which had to be bought back
47
how much did coventry have to pay to restore their liberties?
coventry had to pay 400 marks to secure the restoration of their liberties
48
how many sentences of attainder did edward iv pass after 1469-71?
Only 13 sentences of attainder after 1469-1471; at least 6 were already dead
49
how many attainders did edward iv reverse 1472-75?
23 attainders passed earlier in the reign reversed during parliament 1472-75.
50
who did edward iv pardon in october 1471?
everyone! (general pardon)
51
how many bishops did edward iv pardon during the pacification?
6 of 8 Bishops appointed by henry vi and who had supported the Readeption were pardoned before the end of 1471 - 2 Welsh bishops pardoned in 1472
52
how did edward iv deal with formerly committed lancastrians during the pacification?
Formerly committed Lancastrians received into the king's grace
53
who was john Fortescue?
chancellor in exile to Henry VI
54
who was John Morton?
had shared Margaret's exile and held the office of keeper of the privy seal for Henry VI
55
who was Sir Richard Tunstall?
defender of Harlech and had been made master of the mint 1470
56
who was Henry Lowys?
governor of Henry VI's household during the Readeption
57
how did edward iv forgive John Morton? what position did he gain?
by 1472, was Master of the Rolls, by 1478 made Bishop of Ely
58
how did edward iv forgive sir richard tunstall? what position did he gain?
became a royal councillor
59
which Formerly committed Lancastrians were received into the king's grace during edward iv's pacification?
- John Fortescue
- John Morton
- Sir Richard Tunstall
- Henry Lowys
- also several members of hostile noble families; Roos, Ormond, Courtenay
60
who did edward iv still not trust during the pacification?
henry holland
61
what happened to henry holland after edward iv recvoered the throne?
- May 1471: removed from sanctuary at Westminster and joined Margaret as a prisoner in the tower
- his wife, the king's sister, Anne, allowed to divorce him to marry her lover, Thomas St Leger
62
who did anne marry after divorcing henry holland?
her lover, thomas st leger
63
how were Mark Symondson, master of the Antony which had brought Edward IV to England in March, and the helmsman, Robert Michelson of Hull, rewarded?
both got annuities
64
who was mark symondson?
master of the Antony which had brought Edward IV to England in March
65
who was robert michelson of hull?
helmsman of the Antony which had brought Edward IV to England in March
66
how did edward iv reward Lewis of Bruges?
created Earl of Winchester with an annuity of £200
67
who was lewis of bruges?
Edward IV's host in exile
68
how did edward iv reward Thomas Milling?
- appointed prince's chancellor
- 1474: also became Bishop of Hereford
69
who was thomas milling?
abbot of Westminster, who had sheltered the queen and her family during Edward's absence abroad and stood godfather to the infant prince
70
how did edward iv reward William Dudley?
became dean of Windsor and chancellor to Queen Elizabeth, and bishop of Durham
71
who was william dudley?
one of the first to join Edward IV in March
72
how did edward iv reward hastings?
became constable of Nottingham castle and steward and keeper of Sherwood Forest, and gained custody of most of the estates of the West-Country heiress Cecily Bonville (his stepdaughter)
73
how did edward iv reward the earl of essex?
became treasurer of England and held that position until the end of the reign
74
how had john de vere previously opposed edward iv, before he regained the throne?
- March 1471: Earl of Oxford (prominent supporter of readeption regime) prevented Edward IV's army from landing in Norfolk
- April 1471: Oxford commanded the right wing at Barnet and then escaped to Scotland with Viscount Beaumont
75
where did john de vere prevent edward iv's army from landing in march 1471?
norfolk
76
where did john de vere go after escaping to scotland?
he then went to France, where he collected ships and privateered
77
what did john de vere do in france?
he collected ships and privateered
78
where did john de vere escape to after barnet?
scotland
79
who did john de vere escape to scotland with after barnet?
viscount beaumont
80
what role did john de vere play in the battle of barnet?
commanded the right wing
81
how did edward iv treat john de vere after he regained the throne?
He was not attainted after leaving England, but his lands were confiscated and his wife, Margaret Neville, suffered financial hardship
82
where did Oxford attempt an unsuccessful landing in may 1473?
St Osyth in Essex
83
where did Oxford sieze in september 1473?
st michaels mount in cornwall
84
what happened after oxford siezed st michael's mount in cornwall in september 1473?
- was besieged by Yorkist forces - he and Beaumont surrendered 15 February 1474
- Oxford imprisoned at Hammes Castle near Calais and attainted 1475
85
where was oxford imprisoned in 1474?
hammes castle
1.Complete War of the Roses
flashcards
Decks in class (103)
# Cards
-
Timeline pre 145035
-
Timeline 1450-59115
-
Timeline 146034
-
Timeline 1461-71118
-
Timeline 1471-8377
-
Timeline 1483-8655
-
Timeline 1486-990
-
War of the Roses quick facts and terms (starters and VLE)77
-
Background info5
-
Provenance of common sources regarding HVI 1450-5322
-
Conflict Origins (1450-1459) (mine)65
-
The Crisis of 1450 (school)50
-
Duke of Suffolk's Fall (mine)30
-
Cade's Rebellion (mine)31
-
Crisis of 1450 (mine)28
-
York and Somerset, 1451-1453 (school)42
-
why the relationship between york and somerset deteriorated (mine)44
-
Why Richard of York failed to dominate government (mine)40
-
York’s period of ascendance, 1454-1456 (school)55
-
Why did the Nevilles support York 1453-55? mine27
-
How successful was York's first period of dominance (the 'First Protectorate' 1454-55)? (mine)46
-
How successful was York's second period of dominance (the 'Second Protectorate' 1455-56) (mine)23
-
Key Battles 1455-59 (mine)22
-
Key Developments 1456-58 (mine)25
-
Queen Margaret's Triumph, 1456-1459 (school)52
-
How strong was York's position by the end of 1456 compared to the beginning of 1453?2
-
Importance of Margaret in the development of Conflict36
-
Why were the Yorkists attainted 1459?25
-
why was the parliament of devils so significant?10
-
How weak was the position of the yorkists by the end of 1459?10
-
The Yorkists in 1460 (school)45
-
Key events of 146025
-
Why were the Yorkists able to return in 1460?41
-
What motivated the Yorkists in 1460?16
-
Why did York claim the throne in 1460?13
-
What were the consequences of York's claim to the throne?12
-
The Yorkists after the death of Richard of York, 1461 (school)50
-
kEY eVENTS OF 14618
-
How strong was the Lancastrian position before Towton in 1461?22
-
Why did the Lancastrians lose the throne in 146126
-
What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Yorkists after Towton12
-
To what extent did financial & economic weakness undermine the Lancastrian regime 1460-113
-
Battles 1459-6178
-
How far had the reasons for conflict changed by 146110
-
Lancastrian Resistance, 1461-1464 (school)45
-
Key Events of Lancastrian Resistance 1461-6453
-
Why was the Lancastrian resistance 1461-64 unsuccessful?53
-
How did Edward IV assert his rule in England 1461-69/why was he able to rule succesfully?42
-
Edward IV's government, 1461-1469 (school)50
-
Key Events 1461-6933
-
Why did the Earl of Warwick turn against Edward IV?49
-
Why did Edward IV become a captive in 1469?23
-
English Trade and the Economy 1450-7154
-
How major was the impact of Baronial warfare 1459-71 on English society?17
-
Rebellion, Readeption and Restoration, 1469-1471 (school)60
-
Key Events 1470-7133
-
Why did Edward IV lose the throne in 1470?29
-
Why was Edward IV able to recover the throne in 1471?31
-
To what extent did English trade and the economy recover 1461-71?31
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Key Battles 1461-7169
-
Key Dates Timeline58
-
battles key info75
-
more key dates60
-
Pacification, 1471-147485
-
Edward IV's pacification and foreign policy, 1471-1483 (school)47
-
How did Edward IV pacify England?92
-
Edward IV's government, 1471-1483 (school)46
-
Edward IV, the royal family and the nobility, 1471-1483 (school)50
-
Edward IV and the regions97
-
Edward IV and Foreign Policy41
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Edward IV and Sources of Income63
-
Edward IV and Methods of Governing ( how did Edward IV rule the kingdom 1471-1483?)112
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Trade and the Economy (1467-83)113
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Feuding within the Regime of Edward IV90
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Execution of Clarence33
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Legacy of Edward IV20
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Richard of Gloucester's coup and the consequences, 1483 (school)50
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Government of Richard III, 1483-1485 (school)50
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The events of Gloucester's seizure of power53
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Motives for the usurpation45
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Strengths and weaknesses of the regime in 148323
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The Yorkist Succession under Richard III12
-
The disappearance of the princes in the tower27
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Reasons for rebellion in 148332
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Why did Buckingham's Rebellion fail?13
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Richard III and the Regions37
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How strong was Richard's position in 1484?31
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Richard's Problems in 148521
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Richard III and Henry Tudor, 1483-1486 (school)50
-
The Road to Bosworth23
-
The Battle of Bosworth19
-
Reasons why Henry Tudor became king23
-
The consolidation of HVII's power93
-
Richard's reign - a propaganda battle?8
-
Rebellions 1486-89121
-
Threats and rebellions against Henry VII, 1486-1499 (school)50
-
Threats to Henry VII37
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Henry VII's governance of the realm, 1486-1499 (school)50
-
Henry VII and the Regions68
-
Henry VII and the Nobility53
-
Henry VII and Government67
-
Henry VII's Financial Policy70
-
The Economy 1471-9921
