PAES 401:2001

Question 1

PAES 401:2001

Answer 1

Agricultural Structures – Housing for Swine Production

Question 2

refers to a male breeding swine which is at least 8 months old

Answer 2

boar

Question 3

place for piglets inside the farrowing pen

Answer 3

creep area

Question 4

rate of removing undesirable or unproductive animals within the herd

Answer 4

culling rate

Question 5

unbred sows which have just been weaned; non-pregnant sows

Answer 5

dry sows

Question 6

act of giving birth in swine

Answer 6

farrowing

Question 7

area in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods, but in which the sow
can turn around

Answer 7

farrowing pen

Question 8

device in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods and which prevents
sow from turning around

Answer 8

farrowing stall
farrowing crate

Question 9

swine raised for meat production usually starts at 15 kg

Answer 9

fattener

Question 10

female swine that has not farrowed

Answer 10

gilt

Question 11

swine which are 66 kg and up

Answer 11

finisher

Question 12

swine from 40 to 65 kg

Answer 12

grower

Question 13

piglets born in one farrowing

Answer 13

litter

Question 14

average number of farrowings of one sow per year

Answer 14

litter index
farrowing index

Question 15

number of days an animal stays in a pen

Answer 15

occupancy

Question 16

any breeding female pig that has farrowed

Answer 16

sow

Question 17

piglet that has been recently separated from its mother

Answer 17

weaner
weanling

Question 18

In this system, the sows are removed when the piglets reach weaning age. The pigs remain in
the same building from farrowing until they reach the desired weight for slaughtering.

Answer 18

One-unit system

Question 19

The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until the piglets are weaned. The
weanlings are transferred to a growing-finishing house.

Answer 19

Two-unit system

Question 20

The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until weaning. The weanlings are moved
to a nursery house and finally to a growing-finishing unit where they stay until they are ready
for slaughter.

Answer 20

Three-unit system

Question 21

The sows and piglets remain in the farrowing house until weaning. After weaning, piglets are
moved to a nursery house, then to a growing house and finally to a finishing house until they
are ready for slaughter

Answer 21

Four-unit system

Question 22

Roofing material should be made of corrugated ??? and other durable roofing materials. At least ??? roof overhang shall be provided to ensure shade and to protect
the swine from rain.

Answer 22

G.I. sheets
one-meter

Question 23

Ceiling height shall be at least ??? high.

Answer 23

2.4 m

Question 24

Building sidewalls shall have a minimum height of ??? and shall be made of durable
materials.

Answer 24

1 m

Question 25

Solid floors Concrete floors shall be paved on a well compacted gravel fills. Floor shall be skid-resistant with ??? slope towards a gutter or drainage canal. The direction of the slope shall be away from the feeding trough.

Answer 25

2% - 4 %

Question 26

Slotted floors should be made of ??? or combination of such materials. It shall be constructed to allow manure and urine to pass through.

Answer 26

concrete, plastic, metals

Question 27

In partially slotted floors , the slats shall be placed ??? of pens. For totally slotted floors, slat should be place ???

Answer 27

perpendicular to the long dimension parallel to the sow

Question 28

Concrete slats shall be used preferably for swine over ???, including gestating sows. The top finish shall be smooth wood float finish and slat top edges shall be rounded.

Answer 28

30 kg

Question 29

For swine under 20 kg, ??? shall be used . Supporting joists shall be spaced at ???. Expanded metal shall be treated to prevent corrosion. Sharp edges shall be avoided.

Answer 29

flattened expanded metal (20 mm, 9 –11 gauge) 300 mm

Question 30

Welded wire flooring shall be made of ??? wire spaced at ???. It shall be supported every ???.

Answer 30

5.3 mm (5 gauge) 12.5 mm, 15 mm or 18 mm 300 mm

Question 31

Plastic flooring shall be coated with rough surface. ??? should be used for creep areas in farrowing pens/crates and nursery. Slats shall be ??? wide and slots shall be ???. It shall be supported every ???.

Answer 31

Fiberglass reinforced T-slats 38 mm 9 mm 600 mm

Question 32

In case rearing pen is used, guardrail should be provided on both sides of the pen. It should be fixed ??? from the pen wall and ??? above the floor.

Answer 32

250 mm 250 mm

Question 33

Weaners should be either penned in a ground pen or in an elevated nursery cages. These cages shall be provided with ??? with slot space clearance of ???. It is recommended that the weaners with the same size shall be housed in a ???.

Answer 33

slatted floor 10 mm – 14 mm pen or cage

Question 34

Separate pens for growers should be provided. The size of each pen shall be designed to hold ??? growers. Growing pen with a dimension of ??? shall accommodate ??? growers.

Answer 34

not more than 25 1.5 m x 4.8 m 20

Question 35

Separate pens for finishers should be provided. The size of each pen shall be designed to hold ??? finishers. Finishing pen with a dimension of ??? shall accommodate ??? finishers.

Answer 35

not more than 25 1.5 m x 4.8 m 10

Question 36

Gestating pen Sows should be either housed individually (box/stall) or by group. For individual pen, the dimension should be ???

Answer 36

0.66 m x 1.8 m

Question 37

Pen partitions should be either solid or slotted. The slot shall be within the range of ???.

Answer 37

160 mm – 210 mm

Question 38

Pen gate Pen gate should be made of at least ??? or at least ??? fastened securely to a G.I. pipe frame. The dimension of the gate shall be ??? wide and ??? high. For weanling, a height of ??? shall be used.

Answer 38

10 mm iron bars 30 mm pipe 600 mm wide 0.9 m – 1m high 750 mm

Question 39

Primary and secondary walkways shall have a minimum width of ???, respectively.

Answer 39

1.5 m and 1 m

Question 40

Heaters Heaters shall be installed in creep areas to provide newborn pigs its required temperature of ??? until they are ???. Heat lamps shall be placed ??? above the floor or ??? above the sow.

Answer 40

27°C - 35°C 3 days old 762 mm 152 mm

Question 41

The feeding trough width shall be at least ??? and the depth shall be ???.

Answer 41

300 mm 250 mm

Question 42

For automatic watering cups or bowls, ???, ???, and ???, shall be provided. The bottom rim of the bowl should be ??? above the floor level for weaners and finishers, respectively.

Answer 42

1 cup/20 weaner 1cup/12 gilts 1 cup/10 sows 120 mm and 300 mm

Question 43

Water spray nozzles should be provided to provide cooling effect. Nozzles should be placed approximately ??? above the floor and pointing straight down to obtain the best pattern and cover the width of the pen.

Answer 43

1.8 m