Nursing 213 > Pancreatitis > Flashcards

Pancreatitis Flashcards

(67 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Disease characterized by inflammation of the pancreas and is classified as acute or chronic.

A

Pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of pancreatitis is this?

  • Reversible
  • d/t activated pancreatic enzymes auto digesting the pancreas ranging from mild to necrotizing hemorrhagic pancreatitis
A

Acute pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of pancreatitis is this?

  • Irreversible
  • Defined as persistent inflammation that causes scarring and damage to the pancreas and surrounding tissue.
A

Chronic pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Causes of Acute pancreatitis

A

Gallstones, alcohol, infection, tumor, medications, trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Causes of chronic pancreatitis

A

Repeated episode of pancreatitis, excessive and prolonged consumption of alcohol, cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

S/S of Chronic pancreatitis

A
  • Chronic epigastric pain / no pain
  • Pain ↑ after drinking etoh
  • Weight loss
  • Jaundice
  • DM
  • Dark urine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

S/S of acute pancreatitis

A
  • Sudden severe pain ( LUQ )
  • N/v
  • ↑ HR and ↓ BP
  • ↑ glucose
  • confusion and agitation
  • ABD guarding / rigid board like ABD
  • Grey- turner’s sign
  • Cullens sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bluish discoloration of flank

A

Grey-turners sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bluish discoloration of umbilicus

A

Cullens sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The following are S/S of what kind of pancreatitis?

  • Chronic epigastric pain / no pain
  • Pain ↑ after drinking etoh
  • Weight loss
  • Jaundice
  • DM
  • Dark urine
A

Chronic pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

All of the following are S/S of what kind of pancreatitis

Sudden severe pain ( LUQ )
N/v
↑ HR and ↓ BP
↑ glucose
Mental confusion and agitation
ABd guarding / rigid board like ABd
Grey- turner’s sign
Cullens sign

A

Acute pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Expected labs for a patient with pancreatitis

A
  • Amylase → rapid increase ↑ d/t pancreatic enzyme
  • AST → elevated ↑ d/t bile flow obstruction
  • Alt → elevated ↑ d/t gallstone pancreatitis
  • Direct bilirubin → elevated ↑ d/t biliary obst
  • Lipase → elevated ↑ d/t pancreatic enzyme
  • WBC → elevated ↑ d/t inflammation
  • Calcium → decreased ↓ d/t fat necrosis, hypoalbunemia, malnutrition, common w/ etoh,
  • Albumin → decreased ↓ d/t poor nutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Risk factors for pancreatitis

A
  • Gender: male
  • Race: African American
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does kind of diet is a patient with pancreatitis put on after dx?

A
  • Initially NPO status
  • Carbs-containing foods (stimulate pancreas less)
  • Avoid fatty foods and protein-rich foods (stimulates pancreas more)
  • Small, frequent amounts (fist-sized) initially, advancing as pain subsides
  • Vitamin supplements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A patient with pancreatitis requires gastic decompression, what needs to be done?

A

NG tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Medications used to treat acute Pancreatitis

A
  • Opioid analgesics
  • Anticholinergics
  • Antibiotic
  • histamine blocker: cimetidine
  • Proton pump inhibitor
  • Pancreatic enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If pancreatitis is severe how is nutrition provided?

A

enteral or parental nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Procedures to treat pancreatitis

A
  • Ercp
  • Cholecystectomy/sphincterectomy/ endoscopic pancreatic necrosectomy
  • Pancreaticjejunostomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How should a patient with pancreatitis be positioned in bed

A

semi-fowlers position or fetal position to relieve ABD pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Breaks down carbs to glucose

A

Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Breaks down proteins

A

Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Breaks down fat

A

Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Medicaition given to acute pancreatitis patients for acute pain

A

Morphine and dilauded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Medication given to acute pancreatitis patients for moderate pain

A

Ketorolac or other NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Medications given to patients with acute pancreatitis to dry up secretions
Anticholinergics
26
Examples of Anticholinergics
Hyoscyamine (levsin) Scopolamine
27
Medications used to decrease gastric acid secretion in patients with acute pancreatitis
Histamine bockers and Proton pump inhibitors
28
Omeprazole is what kind of medication? what should a patient be monitored for if they are taking it?
Proton pump inhibitor Hypomagnesemia
29
Example of a histamine
Rnitidine or zantac
30
Is administering pancreatic enzymes and PERT the same thing
No
31
What is PERT
Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy
32
aids in fat and protein digestion. Pt teaching is important! Take with EVERY meals and snacks; open capsule and sprinkle it on non-protein foods; drink full glass of water following med; wipe lips and rinse mouth after taking to prevent skin breakdown or irritation
Pancrelipase (Ultresa)
33
An example of a pancreatic enzyme
Pancrelipase (Ultresa)
34
Teaching points for Pancrelipase (Ultresa)
* Take with EVERY meals and snacks * open capsule and sprinkle it on non-protein foods * drink full glass of water following med * wipe lips and rinse mouth after taking to prevent skin breakdown or irritation
35
What circumstance calls for ABX therapy to be used to treat acute pancreatitis
Necrotic pancreatitis
36
Expected outcomes for acute pancreatitis
Stable VS Stable weight Decreasing amylase and lipase levels Electrolytes WNL Decreased pain Decreased liver enzymes
37
Complications associated with Acute pancreatitis
* Necrotizing pancreatits * Pancreatic hemorrhage * Pancreatic pseudocyst * Tetany * Pleural effusion and atelectasis * Coagulation deficits
38
# What complication of pancreatitis is this? present 1 or more weeks after the initial onset of acute pancreatitis and is diagnosed by C T scan, which shows the presence of air and gas surrounding the pancreas.
Necrotizing pancreatitis
39
Necrotizing pancreatitis can lead to what?
develop sepsis, shock, and multiple-organ failure.
40
# What complication of pancreatitis is this? * Patients have increased pain * decreased BP * tachycardia * Turner’s and/or Cullen’s signs are present.
Pancreatic hemorrhage
41
encapsulated areas of fluid that contains pancreatic enzymes and tissue. Forms about 4-6 weeks after initial acute episode.
Pancreatic pseudocysts
42
# The following are s/s of what complication of pancreatitis include chills, fever, N/V, abd. pain.
Pancreatic pseudocysts
43
How are pancreatic pseudocysts treated
* Resolves spontaneously over several weeks. * Can become abcessed, which would need drained and/or debrided.
44
inflating BP cuff creates a carpal spasm indicates hypocalcemia
Trousseau sign
45
tapping over facial nerve leads to facial twitching d/t low calcium
Chvostek sign
46
Tetany is caused by what?
hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia
47
involuntary muscle contractions and overly stimulated peripheral nerves
Tetany
48
Why does the HCP need to be notified of tetany
Tetany=hypocalcemia hypocalcemia=cardiacdysrythmias
49
Nursing Dx for acute pancreatitis
* Acute pain * Ineffective breathing pattern * Imbalanced nutrition, less that body requirements
50
Expected VS of someone with acute pancreatitis
* Fever and tachycardia * Tachypnea * Hypotension * hypoxemia
51
Pain in a patient with acute pancreatitis
* Pain located in the RUQ or LUQ * Rebound tenderness * Muscle guarding/rigid abdominal muscles
52
Why would a patient with acute pancreatitis have an elevated glucose level
Glucose elevations due to the digestion of the pancreas, which leads to decreased production and availability of insulin
53
Nursing assessment for Acute pancreatitis
Vital signs Oxygen status Pain location, intensity, duration Abdominal assessment Presence of Turner’s and/or Cullen’s signs Serum lipase and amylase Serum glucose Serum calcium, Trousseau sign or Chvostek sign Stool color Nutritional intake Daily weight, monitoring of fluid intake and output
54
Nursing actions for acute pancreatitis
Maintain NPO status NGT to low sxn Administer ordered meds Analgesics Antiemetics Histamine blockers Sedatives/Anti-anxieties Promote bedrest Semi-fowler’s Fetal Encourage coughing & deep breathing
55
Patient teaching for acute pancreatitis
Dietary Teaching No alcohol No smoking Disease symptoms, progression, diagnostic procedures, and interventions
56
Dietary teaching for a patient with pancreatic cancer
Carbs-containing foods (stimulate pancreas less) Avoid fatty foods and protein-rich foods (stimulates pancreas more) Small, frequent amounts (fist-sized) initially, advancing as pain subsides Vitamin supplements
57
Treatment for Chronic pancreatitis
Pain management IV fluid replacement Electrolyte management Nutritional support Insulin therapy PERT Surgery
58
Sx procedures for Chronic hepatitis
Resection Puestow
59
Treatment of Acute pancreatitis
NPO status IV fluid-NS or LR ICU level care, if other organs involved Treat cause of pancreatitis
60
Nursing dx for Chronic pancreatitis
Acute pain Imbalanced Nutrition, less than body requirements Hopelessness
61
Nursing assessment for Chronic Pancreatitis
Vital signs Monitor lab values Weight Pain Assess abdomen Assess skin color Assess stool appearance
62
Pain management in patients with Chronic pancreatitis
Pain may be managed with the administration of opioids initially and then with non-opioids when the pain is less intense.
63
Nursing actions for Chronic pancreatitis
Administer pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) GI Prophylaxis Provide rest and calm environment Pain relief measures Collaborate with dietician
64
Medications for GI prophylasis in patients with chronic pancreatitis
H2 blockers PPIs
65
Patient teaching for chronic pancreatitis
No alcohol Do not chew pancreatic enzymes Limit fat in diet Avoid food triggers Support groups
66
what does grey turners sign indicate
acute necritizing pancreatitis
67
what does cullens sign indicate
hemorrhage
Nursing 213
flashcards
Decks in class (28)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions