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paper 1 buddhism - practices Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Buddhist place of worship called?

A

A temple.

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2
Q

What are common features of a Buddhist temple?

A

A main hall (or shrine room), meditation hall, study hall, pagoda/stupa, and living quarters for monks.

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the main hall in a temple?

A

Used for worship, meditation, and listening to teachings.

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4
Q

What is usually found in the main shrine room?

A

A statue of the Buddha, often in a meditation or teaching pose.

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5
Q

What is a stupa or pagoda?

A

A structure that holds relics or sacred items and symbolizes the Buddha’s mind and the path to enlightenment.

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6
Q

Why are temples important in Buddhism?

A

They help focus the mind, show devotion, and support the sangha (community).

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7
Q

What is a vihara?

A

A monastery where monks live and worship.

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8
Q

How are temples used in the Buddhist community?

A

For worship, meditation, teaching, community gatherings, and festivals.

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9
Q

How do Buddhists use shrines at home?

A

They make offerings (e.g., incense, flowers, candles), meditate, and chant in front of a Buddha image.

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10
Q

What do offerings at shrines symbolize?

A

Gratitude and respect; they also remind Buddhists of key teachings like impermanence (e.g., flowers wilt).

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11
Q

What is worship called in Buddhism?

A

puja.

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12
Q

Where can worship take place?

A

At home or in a temple.

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13
Q

What are common practices during Buddhist worship?

A

Chanting, meditation, making offerings, reciting scriptures.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of worship in Buddhism?

A

To show devotion, express gratitude, and develop qualities like wisdom and compassion.

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15
Q

What is the significance of chanting in Buddhism?

A

Helps focus the mind, remember teachings, and show respect for the Buddha.

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16
Q

What is a mantra?

A

A sacred syllable or phrase repeated during meditation or chanting, often linked to a particular Buddha.

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17
Q

What is samatha meditation?

A

A calming practice that focuses on breathing to develop concentration and calm.

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18
Q

What is vipassana meditation?

A

Insight meditation used to develop understanding of reality, including the 3 marks of existence.

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19
Q

How does samatha differ from vipassana?

A

Samatha calms the mind; vipassana seeks insight into the true nature of reality.

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20
Q

What is the purpose of using kasinas in meditation?

A

To focus the mind by concentrating on simple objects (e.g., coloured discs, water).

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20
Q

What are the four sublime states in meditation?

A

Loving-kindness (metta), compassion (karuna), sympathetic joy, and equanimity.

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21
Q

What is mindfulness of breathing?

A

Focusing on the breath to calm the mind and increase awareness.

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22
Q

Why is meditation important in Buddhism?

A

It helps develop concentration, insight, and progress toward enlightenment.

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23
Q

What does mantra recitation help develop?

A

Qualities of a bodhisattva, like compassion

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24
What do mala beads help overcome?
The 108 delusions impacting human life
25
What is the main goal of samatha meditation?
To develop concentration and tranquillity
26
How does vipassana meditation relate to the 3 marks of existence?
It focuses on impermanence, suffering, and non-self as part of understanding reality
27
Who practices zazen meditation?
Zen Buddhists
28
What is visualisation meditation primarily used by?
Tibetan Buddhists and some Mahayana traditions
29
What do Buddhists visualize in visualisation meditation?
A Buddha or bodhisattva and their qualities
30
What is the main practice in visualisation meditation?
Imagining an object or deity and focusing on its details
31
What is the goal of visualisation meditation?
To emulate the qualities of a Buddha or bodhisattva
32
How do practitioners hold the object in their mind?
By examining its intricacies and focusing on it for as long as possible
33
What does visualisation meditation help practitioners do?
Become more like the Buddha or bodhisattva they visualize
34
What does Buddhism teach about death?
Death is part of samsara, marking the end of one life and the start of another.
35
What is the process of death in Buddhism?
The consciousness leaves the body and is reborn based on karma.
36
What does the Tibetan Book of the Dead describe?
It describes the journey of consciousness after death and guides the deceased.
37
What is bardo?
The intermediate state between death and rebirth.
38
How do Buddhists view the concept of an afterlife?
Buddhists believe in rebirth, not a permanent afterlife.
39
What are the traditional Buddhist death rituals?
Chanting, meditation, and offerings to guide the deceased.
40
What is the significance of chanting during death rituals?
It helps the deceased's consciousness through bardo towards rebirth.
41
What is the role of family and community during a Buddhist death ritual?
They offer prayers and support for a positive rebirth.
42
How do Buddhists view death in relation to impermanence?
Death reminds Buddhists of the impermanent nature of life.
43
What is the ultimate goal of a Buddhist in the context of death?
To achieve nirvana and escape samsara.
44
How do Buddhists grieve?
By remembering the deceased, coming together, reflecting on teachings, and performing rituals.
45
What role does the community play in grieving?
The community offers support and guidance.
46
What rituals ensure a positive rebirth?
Chanting, offerings, and donations.
47
What happens at a Theravada funeral?
A shrine is set, a sermon is given, and cremation or burial occurs with donations made.
48
What is the purpose of the Theravada shrine?
To remember the deceased and reflect on teachings.
49
What happens at a Pure Land funeral?
The body faces west, a chant is recited, and offerings are made after 7 and 49 days.
50
How does the Japanese Pure Land funeral differ?
It includes Shinto practices like kotsuage, removing bones with chopsticks.
51
What is unique about Vajrayana funerals?
The body is exposed for vultures, symbolizing impermanence.
52
What is the meaning of body exposure in Vajrayana funerals?
It shows impermanence, with prayers and offerings made.
53
What happens to revered Vajrayana teachers' bodies?
They are cremated and enshrined in a stupa.
54
What is the purpose of Buddhist festivals?
To celebrate key events in the Buddha’s life and reinforce teachings.
55
What is Vesak?
A festival celebrating the Buddha's birth, enlightenment, and death.
56
What is the significance of Wesak in Buddhism?
It honors the Buddha and his teachings.
57
What is the role of food in Buddhist festivals?
To make offerings and share with the community.
58
What is the purpose of retreats in Buddhism?
To deepen meditation and spiritual practice.
59
What is a meditation retreat?
A time for intense practice, focusing on silence and reflection.
60
How long do Buddhist retreats typically last?
They can last from a few days to several months.
61
What is a key aspect of a Buddhist retreat?
Focusing on mindfulness, meditation, and teachings.
62
How do retreats help Buddhists?
They offer time for self-reflection, meditation, and growth.
63
What is Parinirvana Day?
It celebrates the Buddha’s death and his attainment of nirvana.
64
When is Parinirvana Day celebrated?
In February.
65
How do Buddhists observe Parinirvana Day?
Reflecting on death, reading scriptures about the Buddha’s final days, and meditating.
66
What is the purpose of a Buddhist retreat?
To temporarily leave everyday life and focus on spiritual development.
67
What activities are common during Buddhist retreats?
Listening to teachings, meditation, puja, and community interaction.
68
What is Vassa?
An annual retreat where Buddhists engage in meditation and study.
69
what denomination celebrates parinirvana day?
mahayana.
70
What are the main ethical principles in Buddhism?
The Five Precepts and the Noble Eightfold Path.
71
What are the Five Precepts in Buddhism?
avoid killing living beings, avoid taking what is not given, avoid sexual misconduct, avoid false speech, avoid inotoxicants that cloud mind
72
What is the purpose of the Five Precepts?
To guide Buddhists in living ethical lives and reduce suffering.
73
What is the Noble Eightfold Path?
It is the path leading to the cessation of suffering and the attainment of enlightenment.
74
What are the components of the Noble Eightfold Path?
Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration.
75
How does Right View relate to Buddhist ethics?
It involves understanding the Four Noble Truths and seeing the world as it truly is.
76
What is Right Intention in Buddhist ethics?
The intention to renounce attachment, avoid harmful actions, and develop compassion.
77
What is Right Speech?
Avoiding false, harmful, or divisive speech and speaking truthfully.
78
What does Right Action involve?
Acting in ways that are ethical and free from harm, including following the Five Precepts.
79
What is Right Livelihood?
Earning a living in a way that does not cause harm to others.
80
What does Right Effort mean in Buddhism?
Making constant effort to avoid unwholesome states and cultivate wholesome ones.
81
What is Right Mindfulness?
Being aware of one’s body, feelings, mind, and phenomena in each moment.
82
What is Right Concentration?
Focusing the mind on meditation to attain deep states of mental clarity and insight.
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