paper 2 group theories Flashcards
(9 cards)
what is a group
a collection of people who all share similar goals while interacting both each other
what is Tuckmans theory on group formation
forming storming norming performing
Forming group members are coming together and trying to understand their roles and relationships within the group. coach tells the group what to do. there is a high dependence on the leader individual roles in the group are still unclear
storming- in which group members argue and compete with each other and a leader may emerge from this point. There is a clear sense of team and purpose although there is still many uncertainties. cliques may form or power struggles. lots on the coach to push through this time
norming- in which group members agree how to work together and riles created with acceptable behaviour defined. during this stage leaders emerge and take responsiubkity the coach becomes a consultant. the roles come clearer there is now a stronger sense of community and unity. more friendly and respect for leader.
performing- in which the group works as a unit some group members become independent and the more skilful people take decisions on independently. the team has more strategies and clear vision and clear aims. disagreements may still occur but they ares solved within the team. team needs less instruction but may still ask for help from leader.
what is group cohesion
the way in which group members gel together and the extent to which they exhibit a desire to achieve goals.
this can ,mean a selection of less skilled but more coprative players.
what is Weinbergs group cohesion theory
His theory is split into two. there is task and social cohesion.
task cohesion focuses on how well people work together to achive a desired goal.
social cohesion is focused on how well people get on personally.
successful teams tend to display high levels of tsk cohesion.
performance success will often lead to social cohesion.
high social cohesion can affect compeitveness and affect task cohesion.
the value of social cohesion is debatable.
successful team do not need to have high level of social cohesion if there is a high level of commitment to achieving the common goal.
what is carrons theory
carrot identified 4 factors that effect group cohesion
environmental factors contacts location age and eligibility.
personal factors motives for taking part do they want to be in the group
leadership factors behaviour of the leader or coach eg the style they adopt
team factors team identify targets member ability and role.
what’s Steiners model
actual productivity = Potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes.
actual productivity is teams level of achievement. eg a team getting to the fa cup final.
potential productivity best outcome for the team if they were fully cohesive.
losses due to faulty processes- are coordination or motivational problems which reduce levels of cohesion
a coach can deal with this by
what is the ringleman effect
average individual performance decreases with group size.
what is social loading
individuals appear to reduce their effort when in a group and can hide lack of effort amongst others
