Paper 2 Unit one Flashcards
(18 cards)
what are the three learning stages
cognitive- performer is inconsistent and makes many mistakes
demo and reposition is key
performer requires support from coach
associative- fewer mistakes made
more complex info
performer uses internal feedback
more consistent lots of small gains
autonomous- consistent accurate effective
docent have to think about it
elite performers do lots of skills autonomously
what is a strategy
a general approach to a competitive scenario that may include specific teachings
for example position based football
what are some ways to develop a tactic or strategy
performer education (coaching)
adapting formation to opponent
pre planning team selections
what is a gross skill
involves large muscle groups from the whole body for example weightlifting or javelin
what is a fine skill
movement of specific body parts eg darts or archery
what is visual guidance
showing the performer the skill via a video or demo best for cognitive learners used in all stages of learning
what is verbal guidance
Verbal guidance is the coach using verbal
instructions to clearly explain to the learner how
the skill should be correctly performed. When
using verbal guidance, the coaching points should
be accurate, concise and relevant.
what are the 3 forms verbal guidance can be spit into
Direct guidance - Telling the performer exactly what is required from them
indirect guidance-Telling the performer what to do but not giving exact directions on how to complete the task
Prompts - Providing suggestions on how tocomplete the task
What is manual guidance
Manual guidance involves the coach physically
altering and restricting the learner’s body position
to ensure that their physical performance of the
skill is correct. This style of guidance is primarily
used when learning how to perform a dangerous
and complex skill.
what are advantages and disadvantages of manual guidance
Advantages:
Increases confidence levels.
Reduces the chance of injury during dangerous skills. Allows a complex skill to be broken down into simpler parts.
Disadvantages:
The learner can be over-reliant on physical guidance to perform the correct movements. It does not allow for any improvement in
kinaesthetic awareness.
what is mechanical guidance
Mechanical guidance involves the coach using equipment to help the performer learn
how to perform specific sections of a movement correctly. This style of guidance is generally used during the learning of a dangerous and complex skill by restricting
possible movement or by forcing the athlete to perform certain correct movements.
concurrent feedback
This form of feedback is delivered throughout a performance. An example
of this might be a tennis coach giving feedback during a training drill.
Concurrent feedback can also be internal.
what is intrinsic feedback
Intrinsic feedback comes from within the performer, relating to how the performer thought the performance felt. Information on the performance is gained from kinaesthetic feedback.
what is extrinsic feedback
Extrinsic feedback comes from
outside of the performer, in the
form of the information gathered by the performer’s senses.
Advantages:
Useful for those in the cognitive
and associative stages of learning.
Improves focus and motivation.
Disadvantages:
Disregards any kinaesthetic
awareness of the movement.
The performer becomes over-
reliant on external gratification.
what is fixed practice
Repetitive practices of whole skills, ideally replicating closed skills in a similar
environment to competition
+ Allows for the skills to be habitually learned
+ Useful for those with high fitness and motivation levels
what are Fitts & Posner’s stages of Learning
cognitive
assosiative
autonomous
how do you break down a skill
A skill can be dissected into three elements in order to study the technical components of the
skill. This can occur during post-match analysis of a skill. The three elements are:
- Preparation 2. Execution 3. Recovery
