Paraneoplasitc Syndromes

Question 1

Paraneoplastic syndroms alteration in

Answer 1

Structure / function occurring distant to the tumor

Question 2

Causes of paraneoplastic syndrome

Answer 2

Production of small molecules released into circulation and immune cross reactivity between malignant and normal tissues

Question 3

How do you treat PNS

Answer 3

Treat tumor

Question 4

Hypercalcemia value

Answer 4

iCal > 1.6

Question 5

Most common paraneoplastic syndrome

Answer 5

Hypercalcemia

Question 6

Hypercalcemia of malignancy is less common in

Answer 6

Cats

Question 7

Tumor associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy in dogs

Answer 7

lymphoma

Question 8

Tumors associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy in feline

Answer 8

Lymphoma

Question 9

Malignancy panel can diagnose

Answer 9

Hyperparathyroidism

Question 10

Abscess of PTHrP does not mean

Answer 10

Pet is cancer free

Question 11

2/3 dog with high calcium are diagnoses with

Answer 11

Cancer

Question 12

Consider hospitalization when

Answer 12

Ionized calcium is greater than 1.8, Ca x Phos > 70, clinical signs - azotemia and dehydration

Question 13

Rehydration does with hypercalcemia with

Answer 13

0.9 % NaCl

Question 14

Rehydration does with hypercalcemia with

Answer 14

0.9 % NaCl

Question 15

How do you treat hypercalcemia once rehydrated

Answer 15

Furosemide

Question 16

After using furosemide what can be used in treatment

Answer 16

Biphosphates

Question 17

Biphosophonates

Answer 17

Inhibit osteoclasts - Zoledronate

Question 18

Causes of feline hypercalcemia

Answer 18

SHIRT

Question 19

Shirt

Answer 19

Spurious, hyperparathyroidism, idiopathic, renal disease, tumors

Question 20

c/s hypercalcemia

Answer 20

Vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, Melena

Question 21

Lab findings with hypercalcemia

Answer 21

Anemia, increased BUN, decreased Albumin

Question 22

What causes GI ulceration from hypercalcemia

Answer 22

Mast celll degranulation leads to excess histamine

Question 23

How do you treat GI ulceration from hypercalcemia

Answer 23

Treat tumor, omperazole, ,sucralfate

Question 24

Hyperviscocity syndrome

Answer 24

Increase blood components - increase blood viscosity

Question 25

HVS causes

Answer 25

End organ damage

Question 26

What organs are affected by HVS

Answer 26

Brain, arteries, retina, kidney, heart

Question 27

Multiple myeloma

Answer 27

Cancer of plasma cells that make excess Ig

Question 28

What are the TP and globulin in multiple myeloma

Answer 28

Increase TP and increase globulin

Question 29

Clinical signs of multiple myeloma

Answer 29

Lameness, epitaxy’s, PU/PD, neuro, cytopenias, increased calcium

Question 30

Need what for myeloma diagnosis

Answer 30

2/4

Question 31

M LOM

Answer 31

Monoclonal gammopathy, light chains, osteoblasts, marrow Plasmacytosis

Question 32

Monoclonal gammopathy

Answer 32

Increase globulins and spe

Question 33

Light chains significance in myeloma

Answer 33

Spill over into urine, not detected on dipstick

Question 34

Osteolysis significance in myeloma

Answer 34

Punched out lesions or osteopenia and rare in cats

Question 35

Marrow significance with myeloma

Answer 35

Marrow plasmacytosis - rare in cats

Question 36

Hyperestrogenism causes

Answer 36

Bone marrow hypoplasia, alopecia and feminization syndrome

Question 37

What can cause hyperestrogenism

Answer 37

Serotolli cell tumor and cryptorchism

Question 38

10% of dogs with malignant tumors have

Answer 38

DIC

Question 39

What is the most common tumor causing DIC

Answer 39

Hemangiosarcoma

Question 40

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 40

Antibodies to AChR block transmission at NM junction

Question 41

Myasthenia Gravis is associated with

Answer 41

Thymoma

Question 42

C/s of myasthenia gravis

Answer 42

Intermittent muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, regurgitation, megaesophagus, Dysphagia

Question 43

Thymoma is more common in

Answer 43

Older dogs and cats

Question 44

Thymoma

Answer 44

Cranial mediastinal mass

Question 45

Do Thymoma usually spread

Answer 45

No

Question 46

TX of Thymoma

Answer 46

Surgical removal, radiation, cholinestrase inhibitor

Question 47

Hypertrophic osteopathy

Answer 47

Overproduction of periosteum

Question 48

Hypertrophic osteopathy preferentially affect

Answer 48

Long bones

Question 49

How do you DX hypertrophic osteopathy

Answer 49

Radiographs, nodular, radiating 90 degree from long axis of affected bone

Question 50

Hypertrophic osteopathy cause neoplasia

Answer 50

Primary lung tumor or pulmonary metastasis

Question 51

How do you treat hypertrophic osteopathy

Answer 51

Remove underlying, multimodal pain control, euthansia