PARASITOLOGY PART 1

Question 1

is an organism which has become adapted
to living on or in some other organism, the host, which
is usually larger than itself. or is an organism
that lives at the expense of its host.

Answer 1

Parasite

Question 2

is a relationship between two species where
member of one species (smaller ,called parasite )
derived food and shelter from member of another
species (larger ,called host )

Answer 2

Parasitism

Question 3

Parasitism is a relationship between two species where
member of one species (smaller ,called _____ )
derived food and shelter from member of another
species (larger ,called ____ )

Answer 3

parasite; host

Question 4

Types of Parasites

Answer 4

• Obligatory
• Facultative
• Endoparasite
• Ectoparasite
• Permanent
• Temporary
• Microparasite
• Macroparasite
• Intracellular
• Extracellular.
• Accidental
• Proliferous

Question 5

Types of Parasite that cannot survive outside the host

Answer 5

Obligatory

Question 6

Types of Parasite that are capable of existing independently to the
host

Answer 6

Facultative

Question 7

Types of Parasite that establish inside the host

Answer 7

Endoparasite

Question 8

Types of Parasite that establish in or on the exterior surface of
a host

Answer 8

Ectoparasite

Question 9

Types of Parasite that remains on or in the body of the host for
entire life

Answer 9

Permanent

Question 10

Types of Parasite that lives on the host for short period of time

Answer 10

Temporary

Question 11

Types of Parasite that are unicellular or single cell parasite like
protozoa.

Answer 11

Microparasite

Question 12

Types of Parasite that are multicellular parasites like helminths.

Answer 12

Macroparasite

Question 13

Types of Parasite that live and multiply inside the cell of host like
amastigote of Leishmania spp.

Answer 13

Intracellular

Question 14

Types of Parasite that live and multiply inside the cell of host like
Hydatid cyst of tapeworm.

Answer 14

Extracellular

Question 15

Types of Parasite that infect unusual host.

Answer 15

Accidental

Question 16

Types of Parasite that proliferates in the body of host and multiplies in
many forms to cause high intensity of disease (Plasmodium)

Answer 16

Proliferous

Question 17

Types of Hosts

Answer 17

Definitive
Intermediate
Reservoir
Vector ( biological/ mechanical)
Carrier
Accidental

Question 18

Type of host

The host which harbor the adult, replicates sexually.

Answer 18

Definitive

Question 19

Type of host

The host harbor larval stages, asexual
development.

Answer 19

Intermediate

Question 20

Type of host

Host that harbors the parasite and serve as an
important source of infection.

Answer 20

Reservoir

Question 21

Type of host

Are arthropods that transmit
parasite to host.

Answer 21

Vector ( biological/ mechanical)

Question 22

Type of Vector ( biological/ mechanical) host

parasites can multiply inside

Answer 22

Biological

Question 23

Type of Vector ( biological/ mechanical) host

mechanically transfer infective form of parasite

Answer 23

Mechanical

Question 24

Type of host

Parasite harboring host that is not exhibiting any clinical
symptoms but can infect others

Answer 24

Carrier

Question 25

Type of host A host that is under normal circumstances not infected with the parasite

Answer 25

Accidental

Question 26

Host Selection

Answer 26

Monoxenous Oligoxenous Polyxenous

Question 27

Host Selection If they possess a single host.

Answer 27

Monoxenous

Question 28

Host Selection If they utilize a small range of host.

Answer 28

Oligoxenous

Question 29

Host Selection If they use many suitable hosts.

Answer 29

Polyxenous

Question 30

Types of Parasitic life cycle

Answer 30

Simple or Direct Complex or Indirect

Question 31

Types of Parasitic life cycle All the developmental stage of the parasite are completed in a single host.

Answer 31

Simple or Direct

Question 32

Types of Parasitic life cycle Parasites require two or more different host to complete their various stages of development.

Answer 32

Complex or Indirect

Question 33

Stages Involve In Parasitic Life Cycle

Answer 33

Infective Diagnostic

Question 34

Stages Involve In Parasitic Life Cycle Stage when a parasite can invade human body and live in it

Answer 34

Infective

Question 35

Stages Involve In Parasitic Life Cycle Stage when parasite can exit from human body with stool, urine or sputum.

Answer 35

Diagnostic

Question 36

Sources of Infection

Answer 36

Soil Water Food Direct Contact

Question 37

Sources of Infection Embryonated eggs which are present in soil may be ingested.

Answer 37

Soil

Question 38

Sources of Infection Infective larvae present in soil may enter by penetrating exposed skin.

Answer 38

Soil

Question 39

- Soil - _______________ which are present in soil may be ingested. - _______ present in soil may enter by penetrating exposed skin.

Answer 39

Embryonated eggs; Infective larvae

Question 40

Sources of Infection Infective forms and intermediate host present in water may be swallowed.

Answer 40

Water

Question 41

- Water - _________ and intermediate host present in water may be swallowed.

Answer 41

Infective forms

Question 42

Sources of Infection Contamination with human or animal feces.

Answer 42

Food

Question 43

Sources of Infection Meat containing infective larvae

Answer 43

Food

Question 44

- Food - Contamination with human or animal _____. - Meat containing infective ______

Answer 44

feces; larvae

Question 45

Sources of Infection Through kissing animals such as domestic cats and dogs Unprotected sexual relation

Answer 45

Direct Contact

Question 46

Animal Kingdom: 1. ______->_______ 2. ______->_______

Answer 46

1. Unicellular animals; Protozoa 2. Multicellular animals; Metazoa

Question 47

_____-> Metazoa: 1. 2.

Answer 47

Multicellular animals 1. Invertebrates 2. Vertebrates

Question 48

Invertebrates:

Answer 48

Sponges Coelenterates Worms Arthropods Molluscs Echinoderms

Question 49

Vertebrates:

Answer 49

Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Question 50

Categories of Amoeba according to Residency:

Answer 50

Intraintestinal Extraintestinal

Question 51

Categories of Amoeba according to Residency Intraintestinal: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Answer 51

1. Entamoeba histolytica 2. Entamoeba hartmanni 3. Entamoeba coli 4. Entamoeba polecki 5. Endolimax nana 6. Iodameoba butschlii

Question 52

Categories of Amoeba according to Residency Extraintestinal: 1. 2. 3.

Answer 52

1. Entamoeba gingivalis (Mouth) 2. Naegleria fowleri (Brain) 3. Acanthamoeba spp. (Brain and cornea)

Question 53

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency:

Answer 53

Intraintestinal Extraintestinal Hemoflagellates

Question 54

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency Intraintestinal 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Answer 54

1.Giardia intestinalis/lamblia 2.Chilosmastix mesnili 3.Diantamoeba fragilis 4.Trichomonas hominis 5.Trichomonas tenax 6.Enteromonas homonis 7.Retortaminas instesinalis

Question 55

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency Extraintestinal: 1.

Answer 55

1.Trichomonas vaginalis (Vagina)

Question 56

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency Hemoflagellates: 1. 2.

Answer 56

1. Leishmania spp. (Blood&CNS) 2. Trypanosoma spp. (Blood&Tissue)

Question 57

Categories of Sporozoa according to Residency Intraintestinal: Subclass:______ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Answer 57

Subclass: Coccidia 1.Cryptosporidium 2.Toxoplasma 3.Cyclospora 4.Sarcosystis 5.Isospora

Question 58

Categories of Sporozoa according to Residency Extraintestinal: Subclass:_____ 1. Subclass:_____ 1. 2. 3. 4.

Answer 58

Subclass: Piroplasma 1. Babesia (RBC) Subclass: Haemosporidia 1. Plasmodium (RBC & Hepatocytes) 2. Subclass: Coccidia 3. Pneumocystis (Lungs) 4. Toxoplasma (Placenta & CNS)

Question 59

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency:

Answer 59

Intestinal Extraintestinal Tissue Lymphatic Tissue (Vector-dependent)

Question 60

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency Extraintestinal Tissue: 1. 2.

Answer 60

1. Trichinella spiralis 2. Dracunculus medinensis

Question 61

Categories of Flagellates according to Residency Lymphatic Tissue (Vector-dependent): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Answer 61

1. Wuchereria bancrofti 2. Brugia malayi 3. Loa loa 4. Onchocerca volvulus 5. Mansonella spp.

Question 62

Categories of Trematodes according to Residency:

Answer 62

Intestinal species Liver species Lung species Blood species

Question 63

Categories of Trematodes according to Residency Intestinal species: 1. 2. 3.

Answer 63

1. Fasciolopsis buski 2. Heterophyes heterophyes 3. Matagonimus yokogawai

Question 64

Categories of Trematodes according to Residency Liver species: 1. 2.

Answer 64

1. Fasciola hepatica 2. Clonorchis sinensis

Question 65

Categories of Trematodes according to Residency Lung species 1. Blood species 1.

Answer 65

Lung species 1. Paragonimus westermani Blood species 1. Schistosoma species

Question 66

Categories of Cestodes according to Residency Intestinal species: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Liver species 1.

Answer 66

1. Taenia solium 2. Taenia saginata 3. Hymenolepis diminuta 4. Hymenolepis nana 5. Dipylidium caninum 6. Diphyllobothrium latum 1. Echinococcus granulosus

Question 67

parasites consist of a single "cell-like unit" which is morphologically and functionally complete and can perform all functions of life

Answer 67

Protozoans

Question 68

Protozoan parasites consist of a single "_____" which is morphologically and functionally complete and can perform all functions of life.

Answer 68

cell-like unit

Question 69

Protozoans are made up of a mass of _____ differentiated into _____ and _____.

Answer 69

protoplasm; cytoplasm; nucleoplasm

Question 70

Protozoans The cytoplasm consists of an outer layer of _____ and an ______.

Answer 70

hyaline ectoplasm; inner voluminous granular endoplasm

Question 71

Protozoans reproduce:

Answer 71

sexually & asexually

Question 72

A unicellular membrane bound organism that has the ability to change its shape.

Answer 72

Amoebas

Question 73

They are usually found in water bodies such as ponds, lakes and slow-moving rivers.

Answer 73

Amoebas

Question 74

Amoebas general characteristics:

Answer 74

- Equipped with the so called "Pseudopods” - Multiplies asexually; Facultative parasite - Migrates and or take up residence outside the intestine - Has two (2) morphological forms -Cyst -Trophozoite -(Flagellate) for N. folweri

Question 75

Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite: 1. Motility : _______ 2. Number of nuclei : ____- 3. Cytoplasmic inclusions : ______

Answer 75

Progressive, finger-like pseudopodia 1 Ingested RBC

Question 76

Entamoeba histolytica Cyst: 1. Shape: _____ 2. Number of nuclei: _____ 3. Cytoplasmic inclusions: _______

Answer 76

Spherical to round 1 -4 Chromatid bars, rounded ends and diffuse glycogen mass