Parkinson's Disease

Question 1

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 1

1. It’s a neurodegenerative disease, meaning it gradually damages brain cells over time.
2. It specifically affects a part of the brain called the basal nuclei, which is involved in movement control.

Question 2

What are the symptoms?

Answer 2

• People with Parkinson’s often have a stooped posture, a masked facial expression (reduced facial expressions), and a forward-tilted trunk.
• Reduced arm swinging when walking.
• Rigidity (stiffness) in the body.
• Shuffling, short-stepped gait (walking with small, shuffling steps).
• Trembling (tremor) in the hands, arms, or legs, especially at rest.
• Slow movements (bradykinesia), making it hard to move quickly or start movements.

Question 3

What are the causes of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 3

1. Parkinson’s disease involves the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in an area called the substantia nigra.
2. Dopamine is a chemical in the brain that helps control movement. Without enough dopamine, the basal nuclei don’t work properly, leading to movement issues.

Question 4

What is the diagnosis?

Answer 4

Diagnosing Parkinson’s can be hard because it’s based on history/ symptoms and physical exams rather than a specific test.

Question 5

What is the treatment?

Answer 5

Levodopa is a common medication used to help increase dopamine levels in the brain, which can improve symptoms.

Question 6

In summary?

Answer 6

1. Parkinson’s disease is caused by a lack of dopamine in the brain, leading to symptoms like stiffness, tremors, and slow movements.
2. Medications that boost dopamine can help manage symptoms

Question 7

Other causes?

Answer 7

Combination of genetic and environmental factors such as exposure to toxins