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z:Anat 200 > Part 2: Appendicular skeleton > Flashcards

Part 2: Appendicular skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

bone # in appendicular skeleton

A

126

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2
Q

main parts of appendicular skeleton

A

-pectoral girdle (4)
-upper limbs (60)
-pelvic girdle (2)
-lower limbs (60)

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3
Q

parts of pectoral girdle

A

clavicle (2)
scapula (2)

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4
Q

parts of upper limbs

A

Humerus (2)
Radius (2)
Ulna (2)
Carpals (16)
Metacarpals (10)
Phalanges (28)

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5
Q

parts of pelvic girdle

A

hip bones (2)

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6
Q

parts of lower limbs

A

Femur (2)
Tibia (2)
Fibula (2)
Tarsals (14)
Metatarsals (10)
Phalanges (28)

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7
Q

label

A

green: Pectoral/Pelvic girdle
blue: Arm/Thigh
yellow: Forearm/Leg
pink: Hand/Foot

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8
Q

label clavicle ends

A
  1. sternal (medial) end
  2. acromial (lateral) end
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9
Q

label clavicle joint

A

1) sternoclavicular joint
2) acromioclavicular joint

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10
Q

sternal (medial) end of clavicle articulates with ____

A

manubrium of the sternum

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11
Q

acromial (lateral) end of clavicle articulates with ____

A

shoulder

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12
Q

acromioclavicular joint is a _____

A

passive joint

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13
Q

sternoclavicular joint and acromioclavicular joint are both ____ that ____

A

synovial joints that provide stability but limited movement

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14
Q

sternoclavicular joint of clavicle allows for _____ of shoulder

A

elevation + depression
retraction + protraction

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15
Q

Label anterior view of scapula

A
  1. Vertebral (medial) border
  2. Axillary (lateral) border
  3. Superior border
  4. Subscapular fossa (lies on the thoracic cage)
  5. Acromion
  6. Coracoid process
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16
Q

Label lateral view of scapula

A
  1. Axillary (lateral) border
  2. Acromion
  3. Coracoid process
  4. Glenoid fossa
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17
Q

Label posterior view of scapula

A

green: inferior angle
1. Vertebral (medial) border
2. Axillary (lateral) border
3. Superior border
5. Scapular spine
6. Acromion
7. Supraspinous fossa
9. Coracoid process

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18
Q

Glenoid fossa articulates with _____

A

humerus

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19
Q

Acromion articulates with ____

A

clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.

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20
Q

Supraspinous fossa is _____ than infraspinous fossa

A

smaller

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21
Q

Label humerus

A
  1. Humeral head
  2. Greater tubercle
  3. Lesser tubercle
  4. Intertubercular sulcus
  5. Deltoid tuberosity
  6. Medial epicondyle
  7. Lateral epicondyle
  8. Olecranon fossa
  9. Capitulum
  10. Trochlea
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22
Q

Capitulum + Trochlea = ____

A

condyle

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23
Q

Glenohumeral (shoulder) joint is a _____ that allows for movement in ____

A

synovial ball & socket joint
multiple planes
(flexion/extension/abduction/adduction/lateral & medial rotation/circumduction
of the shoulder)

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24
Q

Joint capsule of glenohumeral joint is ______; reinforced by ____

A

weak
four shoulder muscles (rotator cuff muscles)

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25
Q

Inferior dislocation of humerus is ______ because _____

A

most common
nothing is protecting the joint at the axilla - armpit)

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26
Q

Capitulum articulates with ____

A

radius

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27
Q

trochlea articulates with _____

A

trochlear notch on ulna

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28
Q

Label radius and ulna

A
  1. Trochlear notch
  2. Coronoid process
  3. Olecranon
  4. Radial head
  5. Radial tuberosity
  6. Radial styloid process
  7. Ulnar styloid process
  8. Interosseous membrane
    (syndesmosis)
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29
Q

radius ___ ulna

A

turns over the

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30
Q

The coronoid process does what?

A

stabilizes the elbow joint and prevents hyperflexion

31
Q

olecranon is what forms ____

A

the bony part you see sticking out of your elbow

32
Q

radial head articulates with ____

A

capitellum of the humerus

33
Q

Joint between trochlea (humerus) & trochlear notch (ulna) is a _____ and allows for ____

A

hinge joint (synovial uniaxial)
flexion/extension of forearm

34
Q

Joint between capitulum (humerus) & radial head (radius) is a ______ and allows for ____

A

Pivot joint (synovial uniaxial)
pronation/supination of forearm

35
Q

Label forearm

A

green: humerus
orange: ulna
blue: radius

36
Q

Digit 1 in your hand is ____

A

your thumb

37
Q

Label hand

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Lunate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
  5. Trapezium
  6. Trapezoid
  7. Capitate
  8. Hamate
    M: Metacarpal (5)
    P: Phalanx (plu. phalanges – 14)
38
Q

4 bones in the hand with radius

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Lunate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
    (aka proximal row)
39
Q

4 bones in the hand with ulna

A
  1. Trapezium
  2. Trapezoid
  3. Capitate
  4. Hamate
40
Q

Joint between radius & scaphoid is a _____ and allows for _____

A

condylar joint (synovial biaxial)
flexion/extension & abduction/adduction of hand

41
Q

biaxial vs uniaxial

A

biaxial : two planes of movement
uniaxial : one plan of movement

42
Q

Joints between phalanges are _____ and allows for _____

A

hinge joints (synovial uniaxial)
flexion/extension of the digits

43
Q

Joints between carpals are _____ and allows for _____

A

plane joints (synovial)
slight motions

44
Q

Joints between metacarpals & phalanges are _____ allows for ____ with _____

A

condylar joints (synovial biaxial)
flexion/extension & abduction/adduction of the digits
the 3rd digit for hand line of reference

45
Q

Joint between trapezium & 1st metacarpal (thumb) is ______ allows for ____

A

saddle-shaped joint (synovial specialized biaxial)
opposition of thumb (in addition to flexion/extension & adduction/abduction)

46
Q

Os coxae (def.)

A

the hip bone

47
Q

Label os coxae

A
  1. Ilium (superior)
  2. Ischium (posterior)
  3. Pubis (anterior)
  4. Acetabulum (articular surface)
  5. Iliac crest
  6. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
  7. Iliac fossa
  8. Auricular surface
  9. Greater sciatic notch
  10. Ischial spine
  11. Ischial tuberosity
  12. Pubic symphysis
48
Q

acetabulum articulates with ___ to form ____

A

head of femur
hip joint

49
Q

ilium, ischium , pubis fuses to form _____

A

acetabulum

50
Q

The Iliac articulates with three bones: _____

A

Sacrum, Femur and the Iliac on the opposite side

51
Q

Auricular surface articles with ___

A

the sacrum

52
Q

The pubic symphysis is the articulation between _____

A

the left and right pubis bones

53
Q

Label femur

A
  1. Femoral head
  2. Femoral neck
  3. Greater trochanter
  4. Lesser trochanter
  5. Intertrochanteric line
  6. Gluteal tuberosity
  7. Linea aspera
  8. Medial condyle of the femur
  9. Lateral condyle of the femur
  10. Patellar surface
54
Q

Femoral head articulates with ____

A

the acetabulum of the pelvis

55
Q

The medial and lateral femoral condyles articulate with ____ to form ____

A

the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia the knee joint

56
Q

The patella does not articulate with ____

A

the tibia

57
Q

The patella articulates with _____ to form _____

A

the femur
the Patellofemoral Joint

58
Q

Hip joint is a ______ and allows for ____

A

ball & socket joint (synovial multiaxial)
extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, circumduction

59
Q

capsule of hip joint is reinforced anteriorly
by the ______ (important for _____ )

A

iliofemoral ligament
upright posture

60
Q

Unlike the shoulder joint, the hip joint ______

A

has more reinforcements due to high demands from body weight

61
Q

Label lower limb

A
  1. Medial condyle of the tibia
  2. Lateral condyle of the tibia
  3. Tibial tuberosity
  4. Head of fibula
  5. Medial malleolus (tibia)
  6. Lateral malleolus (fibula)
  7. Interosseous membrane (syndesmosis)
62
Q

Label knee joint

A
  1. Patella
  2. Quadriceps tendon (muscle to bone)
  3. Patellar ligament (bone to bone)
  4. Meniscus (fibrocartilage)
63
Q

Knee joint is _____ and allows for _____

A

modified hinge joint (synovial biaxial)
flexion/extension of leg, slight rotation, easy to injure

64
Q

Label knee ligament

A
  1. Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
  2. Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
  3. Lateral meniscus
  4. Medial meniscus
  5. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
  6. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
65
Q

Distally, the tibia articulates with the____to form the _____

A

talus
talocrural joint of the ankle

66
Q

Label foot

A
  1. Calcaneus
  2. Talus
  3. Navicular
  4. Cuboid
  5. Cuneiforms (3: medial, intermediate, lateral)
    M: Metatarsal (5)
    P: Phalanx (phalanges – 14)
67
Q

Tarsals (7) are made of ____

A
  1. Calcaneus
  2. Talus
  3. Navicular
  4. Cuboid
  5. Cuneiforms (3: medial, intermediate, lateral)
68
Q

Label foot

A

Ti: tibia
Ta: talus
Ca: calcaneus
Na: navicular

69
Q

Joint between tibia & talus (_____) is a ____ that allows for _____

A

ankle joint
hinge joint (synovial uniaxial)
plantarflexion/dorsiflexion of foot

70
Q

Joint between talus & navicular (_____) is a ______ that allows for _____

A

subnavicular/talonavicular joint
condylar joint (synovial biaxial)
inversion/eversion of foot (combination of movements)

71
Q

Most commonly injured joint in the body is _____

A

talo-navicular joint
* most are inversion injuries
* involve stretching of fibular ligament(s) - can result in fractures of the lateral malleolus

72
Q

Joints between other tarsals are _____ and allows for _____

A

plane joints (synovial)
slight motions

73
Q

Joints between metatarsals & phalanges are _______ and allows for ____

A

condylar joints (synovial biaxial)
flexion/extension & abduction/adduction of the digits with 2nd digit for foot line of reference

74
Q

Joints between phalanges are _____ and allows for _____

A

hinge joints (uniaxial)
flexion/extension of the digits

z:Anat 200 (23 decks)

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