Part A: Lecture 4 Flashcards
nucleic acid rules apply to (3)____
-DNA replication in a cell
-RNA synthesis in a cell
-DNA replication in a test tube
nucleic acid rules
-made using triphosphate nucleotides
-nucleic acids have a 5’ and a 3’ end + made 5’ to 3’
-made using a ssDNA template
-pair antiparallel
-pair with complementary base pairing
template strand
3’ to 5’
base pairing (nucleic acids)
A = T/U
C =- G
circular pieces of DNA replicated
-prokaryotic chromosomes & plasmids
-eukaryotic organelle chromosome (chloroplast, mitochondria etc.)
circular pieces of DNA replicated mechanism
-one origin of replication and two replication forks
linear pieces of DNA replicated
-eukaryotic nuclear chromosomes
linear pieces of DNA replicated mechanism
-linear pieces are really long –> thousands of oris on each chromosome
-end replication problem (DNA poly can’t go at the ends) –> telomere DNA (end parts) at the ends + telomeres made with telomerase
telomerase is made of ___ and is a ___
-RNA (for extending DNA ends) + Protein
-dedicated DNA polymerase for telomeres
Telomerases are an expectation to which nucleic acid rule?
-made using a ssDNA template (uses RNA as template instead)
telomerases are ___
RNA dependent DNA polymerases
chromosomes during interphase
-in a loose fiber to be accessible for DNA replication, repair, and RNA synthesis
DNA + histone proteins (8) =
nucleosome
many nucleosomes =
irregular 30 nm fiber (some places binding to polymerase etc.)
chromosomes during mitosis & meiosis
DNA must be compact & mobile (condensed)
