Pathology of Neoplasia

Question 1

Tumor

Answer 1

non-specific term referring to a swelling

Question 2

neoplasm

Answer 2

new growth

Question 3

cancer

Answer 3

refers to a group of neoplasms infiiration adjacent itssue

Question 4

neoplasm from arise form?

Answer 4

cells that are actively proliferation

Question 5

rate of growth benign

Answer 5

slow

Question 6

rate of growth of malignant

Answer 6

usually rapid

Question 7

benign (spread_

Answer 7

localized

Question 8

malignant (spread)

Answer 8

transfered via lymphatics, blood vessels

Question 9

benign (boundaiies)

Answer 9

circumference, encapsualted

Question 10

malignant (boundaies)

Answer 10

irregular

Question 11

malignant (relationship to surronding tissue)

Answer 11

ivades and destroyrs

Question 12

benign (relationship to surronding tissue)

Answer 12

merely compresses)

Question 13

benign (effects)

Answer 13

pressure on vessels, ubes, nerves

Question 14

malignant (effects)

Answer 14

destroys structures and remove of tumor will not restore function

Question 15

irregular, ill-defind margins are typical for

Answer 15

carcinomas

Question 16

benign tumors exhibit

Answer 16

expansive growth

Question 17

tumors are comprised of?

Answer 17

parenchyma (tumor cells) and supproting tissue (stroma)

Question 18

benign tumors are identified by the suffix

Answer 18

oma

Question 19

malignant epithelial suffix

Answer 19

carcinoma

Question 20

malignant mesenchymal suffic

Answer 20

sacroma

Question 21

benign
- fibrous
fat tissue
smooth mucke
striated muscle
bone
cartilage

Answer 21

firboma
lipoma
leiomyoma
rhabdomyoma
osteoma
chondroma

Question 22

malignant
-fibrous
fat tissue
smooth muscle
striated muscle
bone
cartilage

Answer 22

fibrosarcoma
liposarcoma
leiomyosacroma
rhadomyosarcoma
osteosarcoma
chondrosacroma

Question 23

finger like growth secondary descriptor

Answer 23

papillary (fibro-vascular core)

Question 24

big water balloon, translucent

Answer 24

cystic

Question 25

mucinous

Answer 25

tumor makes a lot of mucus(matrix)

Question 26

what can mucinous or colloid cause?

Answer 26

dessemination of tumor cells if ruptured

Question 27

phases of malignant tumor growth

Answer 27

malignant change in tumor cell cell growth local invasion distant metastasis

Question 28

dysplasia

Answer 28

increased mitosis==>Disordered development

Question 29

epithlial neoplasia

Answer 29

epithlieal tumors origniate as local dysplastic cell proliferation

Question 30

when neoplastic cells occupy full thickness of an epithelium

Answer 30

carcinoma in situ

Question 31

invasion is the

Answer 31

process of a malignant epitheliel tumor gorwing beyond its basement membrane

Question 32

penetration of the basmene membrane may give tumor cells

Answer 32

vascular and lymphatic access

Question 33

invasion of BM

Answer 33

1) new receptor interact with BM | 2) secondary messenger acively activated producing diff. enzymes -->break down BM

Question 34

Carcinoma -->

Answer 34

lymphaics

Question 35

lymphoma-->

Answer 35

vasculature

Question 36

Well differentiated

Answer 36

low differentiation-->tumor looks much like the cell of origin

Question 37

poorly differentiated

Answer 37

high variation-->tumors have little resemblance to cell of origin

Question 38

anaplasia

Answer 38

tumor cells that lack differentiation

Question 39

rapid prolfieration marked by numerous mitoses

Answer 39

anaplasia

Question 40

abnormal nuclear morphology

Answer 40

anaplsia

Question 41

tumor grading specifics

Answer 41

grading system depon on tumor type

Question 42

local effects of neoplasms

Answer 42

``` swelling irritation and pain vascular effects obstruction of hollow viscera infection involvment of adjacent vital structures infection ```

Question 43

cachexia

Answer 43

general wasting

Question 44

system tumor effects - hormonal

Answer 44

excess or reduction directly cuased by tumor

Question 45

hypercoaguable state

Answer 45

DIC endocarditis migrating intravascular thrombophlebitis

Question 46

evaluation of neoplasm

Answer 46

serum protein (tumor) markers)

Question 47

alphafeto protein marker

Answer 47

hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 48

carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 48

colon carinoma

Question 49

prostate specific antigen

Answer 49

prostate cancer

Question 50

chroionic gonadotropin

Answer 50

choriocarcinoma

Question 51

placental alkaline phosphatase

Answer 51

seminoma

Question 52

more reliable prognostically than grading

Answer 52

TNM Staging

Question 53

T =

Answer 53

tumor size

Question 54

To=

Answer 54

occult tumor

Question 55

Tis=

Answer 55

carcinoma in situ

Question 56

N=

Answer 56

number and distribution of lymph node metastasis

Question 57

M=

Answer 57

distant non-lymphoid metastasis

Question 58

T1 =

Answer 58

tumor less than 2 cm max dimension

Question 59

T2=

Answer 59

5 cm 2cm

Question 60

T3=

Answer 60

tumor > 5cm

Question 61

T4=

Answer 61

any size tumor with direct extension to chest wall or skin

Question 62

N0=

Answer 62

no node met

Question 63

N1=

Answer 63

movable nodes, ipsilateral

Question 64

N2=

Answer 64

ipsilateral nodes fixed to each other or adjacent strucutre

Question 65

N3=

Answer 65

ipsilateral internal mamrmary node

Question 66

M0=

Answer 66

no metastasis

Question 67

M1=

Answer 67

distant metastasis