PCBT Surgical Study Final- the basics Flashcards
(165 cards)
1
Q
Neer’s Test
A
Test to rule out shoulder impingement
2
Q
Hawkin’s Test
A
Test to rule out shoulder impingement
3
Q
What is impingement related to the shoulder
A
A “pinching” of the rotator cuff under the end of the collar bone during overhead motion.
4
Q
O’brien’s Test
A
Rule out labral (SLAP) lesions/tears
5
Q
What is a SLAP Lesion Tear
A
Means that the cartilage that connects your arm to your shoulder has been damaged
6
Q
Jergeson’s Test
A
Rule out biceps tendon pathology
7
Q
Speed’s Test
A
Rule out superior labral tear or biceps tendon pathology
8
Q
Apprehension test
A
Tests the integrity of the glenohumeral joint capsule
9
Q
Relocation test
A
Test anterior stability of the glenohumeral joint
10
Q
McMurrary’s test
A
Test for torn meniscus
11
Q
Thessaly’s Test
A
Test for torn meniscus
12
Q
Thompson Test
A
Test to determine if Achilles tendon is ruptured
13
Q
What is ESR
A
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
14
Q
What is CRP
A
C-Reactive Protein
15
Q
What is CBC
A
Complete blood count
16
Q
What is GH
A
Growth Hormone
17
Q
What is IGF-1
A
Insulin Growth Factor-1
18
Q
What is ACTH
A
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
19
Q
What does F stand for (serum)
A
Cortisol
20
Q
What does PRL stand for
A
Prolactin
21
Q
What does FSH stand for
A
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
22
Q
What does LH stand for
A
Luteinizing Hormone
23
Q
What does T stand for
A
Testosterone
24
Q
What is Free T3
A
Free Triiodothyronine
25
What is Free T4
Free Thyroxine
26
What is TSH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
27
What is Achilles Tendonitis
Overuse of the Achilles tendon causing pain, inflammation, and swelling
28
What is osteoarthritis
Degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone
29
What is an Ankle Fracture
Fracture of one of the bone in the ankle
30
What is an Avulsion Fracture
When a small chunk of bone attached to a tendon or ligament gets pulled away from the main part of the bone
31
What is a bunion
Bony mass that typically forms at the base of the big toe
32
What is a hammertoe
Deformity of the toe in which the toe is bent at the middle joint
33
What is Ankle Instability
Instability of the ankle joint
34
Metatarsalgia
Overuse injury with pain at the ball of the foot
35
Neuroma
Also referred to as a “pinched nerve”
36
Osteochondral Defect
Focal area of damage to the cartilage and bone of an area
37
Plantar Fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia resulting in pain
38
Ankle Sprain
Rolling or twisting the ankle, possibly tearing the ankle ligaments
39
Rotator Cuff Tear
Tear of the rotator cuff
40
Biceps Tendonitis
Inflammation of the biceps tendon and resulting pain
41
ACL Tear
Tear of the ACL ligament
42
Frozen Shoulder
Adhesive Capsulitis
43
Adhesive Capsulitis
Stiffness (decreased ROM) and pain at the shoulder
44
SLAP Tear
Superior Labral Tear
45
Meniscus Tear
Tear of the meniscus (can be a medial or lateral meniscus tear)
46
Shoulder Instability
Instability of the shoulder joint - can result from traumatic injury to the labrum
47
Heterotopic Ossification
Abnormal growth of bone in non-skeletal tissues
48
Infection of Prosthesis
Infection at the site of a prosthesis (ie after a knee, shoulder, or hip arthroplasty/replacement)
49
Laceration
Cut/skin wound
50
Achilles Tendon Rupture
Rupture of the Achilles tendon
51
Dupuytren's Contracture
Abnormal thickening of the skin on the palm of the hand/base of the fingers.
Progressive contracture of palmar fascia causing fingers to become stuck in a flexed position
52
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Small, painful lumps under the skin
53
Closed Fracture
Bone break with no puncture through the skin
54
Proximal Humerus Fracture
Fracture of the proximal humerus
55
Clavicle Fracture
Fracture of the clavicle
56
Deviated Septum
Nasal septum is displaced to one side
57
Facial Paralysis
Inability to move the muscles of the face
58
Cleft Palate
Birth defect, opening or split in the ceft (root of mouth)
59
Cleft lip
Birth defect, opening or split in the lip
60
Lipoma
Slow growing, fatty lump
61
Fibrous Dysplasia
Scar-like tissue grows in place of normal bone
62
Plagiocephaly
When an infant’s soft skull becomes flattened in one area
63
Steroid Injection
Steroids are typically injected into an area of inflammation
64
Nasopharyngeal Laryngoscopy
Also called “nose noodle” - usually a flexible thin scope that is entered through the nasal passage to visualize the nasal passages, base of tongue, and larynx.
65
Fine Needle Aspiration
A needle is entered into the mass to collect a sample of cells. The sample is sent to the lab for formal pathologic biopsy and staining
66
Ultrasound Guided Injection
Usually a steroid injection, ultrasonography is used to visualize the surrounding structures
67
Botox Injection
A very thin needle is used to inject small amounts of botulinum toxin into specific muscles.
68
Biopsy
Can be performed surgically, via laryngoscopy, or via FNA. Biopsy is completed for masses or lesions to determine the presence of cancerous cells
69
What is the brand name for Diclofenac
Voltaren Gel
70
What is Voltaren Gel used for
Used to relieve joint pain from arthritis (topical cream)
71
What is the brand name for Capsaicin
Capsaicin
72
What is Capsaicin used for
Another form of pain relief used to treat minor muscle/joint pain
73
What is the brand name for Ibuprofen (NSAIDS)
Advil
74
What is Advil used for
Used for pain relief, fever, and inflammation
75
What is the brand name for Acetaminophen
Tylenol
76
What is Tylenol used for
Used for mild to moderate pain relief
77
What is the brand name for Hydrocodone
Norco
78
What is Norco used for
Oral opioid pain reliever used to relieve moderate to severe pain
79
What is the brand name for Neurontin
Gabapentin
80
What is Gabapentin used for
Primarily used to treat seizures, but can assist with neuropathy
81
What is the brand name for Lidoderm
Lidocaine Patch
82
What is the Lidocaine Patch used for
External local anesthetic patch used to relieve nerve pain
83
What is the brand name for Bactrim
Sulfamethoxazole
84
What is Sulfamethoxazole used for
Antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections; including urinary tract infections, middle ear infections (otitis media), bronchitis, traveler's diarrhea, and shigellosis (bacillary dysentery).
85
What is the brand name for Vibramycine/Doryx
Doxycycline
86
What is Doxycycline used for
To treat many different bacterial infections, such as acne, urinary tract infections, intestinal infections, respiratory infections, eye infections, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, periodontitis (gum disease), and others
87
What is the brand name for Celecoxib
Celebrex
88
What is Celebrex used for
Used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
89
What is the Spinal cord
Transmits impulses to and from the pain throughout the cervicothoracic spine and receives info from the peripheral nervous system
90
Spinal nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord
91
Vertebra
Each of the series of small bones forming the backbone
92
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Bathes the brain and spinal cord in fluid, and acts as a shock absorber. Water-like fluid that circulates the brain
93
Neurological deficit
An abnormal function of a body area due to weaker function of the brain, spinal cord, muscles, or nerves
94
Aphasia
Difficulty with language which is related to a brain lesion/abnormality
95
Ataxia
Loss of muscular coordination
95
Ataxia
Loss of muscular coordination
96
Benign tumor
non-cancerous and won’t spread (metastasize)
97
Malignant tumor
made of cancer cells and may spread (metastasize)
98
Stenosis
Narrowing or constriction of diameter of a bodily passage
99
Hematoma
A pool of mostly clotted blood that forms in an organ, tissue, or space
100
Radiculopathy
Irritation of a nerve root that can cause pain
101
Shunt
Used to diver cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain to another body compartment
102
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Effects on the brain after a head injury
103
Bradykinesia
Slowness of movement
104
Aneurysm
Abnormal bulging/ballooning at a weak spot in a blood vessel
105
Blood brain barrier (BBB)
Barrier between blood capillaries and brain tissue
106
Red flag symptoms
Signs/symptoms which may indicate urgent need for treatment (e.g. urinary or bowel incontinence or retention, saddle anesthesia, lower extremity weakness, gait disturbance, loss of sphincter tone)
107
Orthopedics
The branch of medicine concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system
108
Anterior (ventral)
toward the front of the body
109
Posterior (dorsal)
toward the back of the body
110
Superior
toward the head (above)
111
Inferior
toward the feet (below)
112
Medial
toward the midline
113
Lateral
away from the midline
114
Proximal
toward the trunk
115
Distal
away from the trunk
116
Arthritis
Degenerative or inflammatory joint disease causing chronic pain
117
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Compression of the carpal tunnel on the volar side of the wrist which contains the median nerve along with the FDP, FDS, and FPL tendons
118
Achilles tendinopathy
Partial tear or degeneration of the Achilles tendon
119
Adjuvant therapy
Treatment/therapy given after primary treatment (typically surgery) used to decrease the likelihood of disease recurrence
120
Carcinogen
A substance that is known to cause cancer
121
Clinical trial
A planned scientific study that studies the effect of diagnostic testing or treatment on selected patients
122
Invasive cancer
Cancer that has spread beyond the layers of cells where the cancer started or originated from
123
Remission
no evidence of disease on tests and scans, post cancer
124
Abbreviation ICP means what
Intracranial pressure
125
Abbreviation AVM means what
Arteriovenous malformation
126
Abbreviation CSF means what
Cerebrospinal Fluid
127
What does MRI stand for
Magnetic resonance imaging
128
What does PET stand for
Positron emission tomography
129
What does CT stand for
computed tomography
130
What does TBI stand for
traumatic brain injury
131
What does EMG stand for
electromyography
132
What does TIA stand for
transient ischemic attack
133
What does EEG stand for
electroencephalogram
134
What does ESI stand for
epidural steroid injection
135
What does VP stand for (VP Shunt)
ventriculoperitoneal
136
What does CTA stand for (CT A-)
computed tomography angiogram
137
What does FNAB stand for
Fine needle aspiration and biopsy
138
What does AC stand for (shoulder)
acromioclavicular
139
What does ACL Stand for (knee)
anterior cruciate ligament
140
What does EUA stand for
exam under anesthesia
141
What does I&D stand for
incision and drainage (debridement)
142
What does AROM stand for
active range of motion
143
What does PROM stand for
passive range of motion
144
What does TTP stand for
tenderness to palpation
145
What does WBAT stand for
weight bearing as tolerated
146
What does PWB stand for
partial weight bearing
147
What does TTWB stand for
toe touch weight bearing
148
What does NWB stand for
non-weight bearing
149
What does ORIF stand for
open reduction and internal fixation
150
What does TT stand for
tummy tuck
151
What does BA stand for
breast augmentation
152
What does NAD stand for
No acute distress
153
What does CVA Stand for
Costovertebral angle
154
What does BCC stand for
basal cell carcinoma
155
What does SCC stand for
squamous cell carcinoma
156
What does CIS stand for
carcinoma-in-situ
157
What does FNAP stand for
fine needle
158
What does CYTO stand for
cytology
159
What is the Elements of HPI?
Onset, timing, location, quality, severity, modifying factors, associated sx, context
160
What is included in the S of SOAP note?
Subjective-feeling complaints, HPI/ROS
161
What is included in the O of SOAP note?
Objective-Facts, PE, Orders & Results
162
What is included in the A of SOAP note?
Assessment, Current DX
163
What is included in the P of SOAP note?
Plan, treatment & F/U
164
What does PHI stand for
Protected health information
