PE - sports psychology Flashcards
(57 cards)
1
Q
4 types of skill classification / continuum
A
- basic to complex
- open to closed
- self paced to externally paced
- gross to fine
2
Q
basic - classification
A
- simple and easily learned
- little thinking
3
Q
complex - classification
A
- requires lots of decision making
4
Q
open - classification
A
- performed in different environments
- must react and adapt
5
Q
closed - classification
A
- same environment / situation
6
Q
self-paced - classification
A
- start when ready
- based on own feeling
7
Q
externally paced - classification
A
- someone else controlling
8
Q
gross - classification
A
- large muscle movements
- precision not needed
9
Q
fine - classification
A
- small, precise muscle movement
- usually hands and fingers
10
Q
importance of goal setting
A
- improves motivation bec athletes will have something to aims for / look forward too
- increases focus / progress to concentrate on a goal
- boosts confidence by achieving
- helps to prepare mentally and physically
11
Q
2 types of goal setting
A
- performance goals
- outcome goals
12
Q
performance goals
A
- comparing yourself against yourself
- using the past as a guide
13
Q
outcome goals
A
- comparing yourself to competitors
- ## used to judge the end result
14
Q
SMART target setting
A
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time bound
15
Q
information processing - definition
A
- process that a performer goes through when they make an act on decision
16
Q
4 stages of info processing
A
- input
- decision making
- output
- feedback
17
Q
input
A
- info received based on the situation / environments
- uses 5 senses
- performer will decide the best decision in that moment
- selective attention used to select the most important info
18
Q
decision making
A
- selected info is analysed to give the accurate response
- STM (short-term memory) is the working memory
- LTM (long-term memory) holds info that has been stored from the past
19
Q
output
A
- decision is acted on
- appropriate muscles carry out the skill
20
Q
feedback
A
- info is received in response to the output
- happens during and after the skill
- can become the input for further decision / future decision making
21
Q
4 types of guidance
A
- visual
- verbal
- manual
- mechanical
22
Q
visual guidance
A
- giving live demonstrations
- using video
- using posters
23
Q
verbal guidance
A
- when a skill is describes how to perform a skill / tells a performer something
- performer listens
24
Q
manual guidance
A
- coach physically moving a performer into the correct position
25
mechanical guidance
- objects / aids are used to assist
26
visual guidance - advantages
- useful for all levels
- good for beginners
- whole aspect of skill can be seen
- performers can copy
27
visual guidance - disadvantages
- demonstration must be perfect
- some skills are too hard to demonstrate
- not effective if they arent paying attention
28
verbal guidance - advantages
- useful for high level of performers
- good way to highlight key points
- useful for sharing basic info
29
verbal guidance - disadvantages
- boring
- info overload
- noisy = cannot hear
- complex things are hard to explain
30
manual guidance - advantages
- good for beginners
- allows performer to get correct feel
31
manual guidance - disadvantages
- movement may not be the same
- loss in confidence
32
mechanical guidance - advantages
- good for dangerous skills
- gain a feel of movement without fear
- good for building confidence
33
mechanical guidance - disadvantages
- equipment is expensive
- performer may rely on aid
34
stages of guidance (3)
1. cognitive
2. associative
3. autonomous
35
cognitive guidance
- beginner
- visual, mechanical, manual
36
associative guidance
- average
- verbal, visual
37
autonomous guidance
- elite
- verbal
38
7 types of feedback
1. positive
2. negative
3. intrinsic
4. extrinsic
5. kinaesthetic
6. knowledge of results (KR)
7. knowledge of performance (KP)
39
positive feedback
- what is correct / good abt the performance
40
positive feedback - advantages
- motivates performer
41
positive feedback - disadvantages
- can suggest performance was better than it actually was
42
negative feedback
- incorrect / bad about the performance
43
negative feedback - advantages
- enables coach to show properly
- helps performer prioritise
44
negative feedback - disadvantages
- demoralising
- negative comments can make them struggle
45
intrinsic feedback
performer receives feedback about their performance from within
46
intrinsic feedback - advantages
- experienced performers can make immediate adjustments
47
intrinsic feedback - disadvantages
- high level of knowledge to find out whats wrong
- beginners dont have this knowledge
48
extrinsic feedback
received from outside them / by another person
49
extrinsic feedback - advantages
- beginners need extrinsic feedback from coaches
- experienced performers can combine extrinsic and intrinsic
50
extrinsic feedback - disadvantages
- can be difficult to get the advice from qualified coach
51
knowledge of results
- provides performer with info abt their placing in comp / results
52
KR - advantages
- gives performer a quick measure of success
53
KR - disadvantages
- can be demotivating (only one winner)
54
Knowledge of performance
- provides performer with info abt their performance generally abt their technique more specifically
55
KP - advantages
- feedback is detailed
56
KP - disadvantages
- can be challenging to break performance down
- experienced performers need detailed feedback
57
kinaesthetic
- received by the receptors in the muscles
