Flashcards in Pediatric Nutrition Deck (22):
1
What is the most clinically useful way to look at FTT
Percentage of child’s median weight for age
2
Mild undernutrition
76-90%. Children are in no immediate danger and may be safely observed over time
3
Moderate undernutrition
61-75%. Warrant immediate evaluation and intervention with close follow-up in an outpatient setting
4
Severe undernutrition
<61%. May require hospitalization for evaluation and nutritional support
5
nonorganic causes of malnutrition resulting in FTT
inadequate nutrition from an environmental issue such as poverty, inexperienced parents, abuse or neglect, or poor bonding between infant and parent
6
Causes of organic malnutrition resulting in FTT
causes include malabsorption, metabolic disease, cardiac or pulmonary disease, malignancy, chronic or acute infection, endocrine disturbances
7
How many ounces of formula should a baby be getting per day?
6 oz/kg
8
During the first year of life, how many calories does an infant need?
120 kcal/kg/day
9
When should solid foods and be added to diet?
solid foods around 4-6 months beginning w/rice cereal (requires proper head control/swallowing).
10
When should vegetable baby foods be introduced to diet?
around 6 months
11
What is the most common cause of infantile hyponatremia?
water intoxication
12
When can an infant be switched to cow’s milk?
1 yr
13
Why is adding rice cereal to formula or breast milk contraindicated in FTT patient?
actually decreases its nutritional value
14
One of the most common diagnoses in early childhood
FTT- 30% of children presenting to ED for unrelated complaints
15
Absolute CI to breastfeeding
Maternal HIV/Hep B/TB/CMV, chemo, infant w/galactosemia
16
Medications that are CI for breastfeeding
neuroleptics, antidepressants, some abx, hyper/hypothroid meds
17
What suggest inadequate milk intake and supply in the first weeks of life?
failure to pass several stools a day
18
Prime indicator for true milk intolerance
bloody stool. nearly always associated with eczema
19
Maximum amount of cow's milk per day after one year of age
16-24 oz
20
Characterized by severe and paroxysmal crying that occurs mainly in the late afternoon for more than 3 hours a day, for more than 3 days a week, and for more than 3 weeks
Colic
21
Timing of colic
begins in first few weeks of life, then peaks at about 2-3 months and then goes away by 4-5 months
22