Flashcards in Pediatric Orthopedics Deck (43)
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1
Head leans to one side, chin rotates to the other side ear to the ground, eyes to the sky
Torticollis
2
Tx for congenital torticollis
stretching of SCM. rarely needs surgical release
3
Talus plantar flexed. Heel cord tight. Fore foot adducted/supinated
clubfoot (Talipes equinovarus)
4
Tx for clubfoot (talipes equinovarus) that involves casting and percutaneous heel cord lengthening
Ponseti method
5
Loss of normal femoral head-acetabular relationship/stability. Caused by ligamentous laxity, hormonal and familial factors
Breech position and congenital deformities
congenital hip dysplasia
6
Test where hip is reduced but can be dislocated
Barlow
7
Test where hip is dislocated but can be reduced
Ortolani
8
Conservative Tx of congenital hip dysplasia
If hip can be reduced, harness or pillow first 6 months of age. If hip will not stay in, reduce under anesthesia, hold with spica cast.
9
Orthopedic hip emergency
septic arthritis of hip
10
most common organism to cause septic arthritis of hip
s. aureus
11
Sx include: fever, acutely ill. hip flexed and externally rotated pain with attempted motion
septic arthritis of the hip
12
When does normal arch develop in foot?
age 4
13
age that genu varum (bow legs) corrects
age 4
14
damage to epiphysis that may need bracing or surgery and causes bow legs
blount's disease
15
at what age would you need surgery for marked genu valgum (knock knees) if it hasn't corrected
age 11
16
radial head subluxation caused by sudden pull on extended, pronated arm. painful elbow held flexed/pronated. will not allow supination
nursemaid's elbow
17
tx for nursemaid's elbow
Gently flex, supinate and press on radial head to reduce
18
Most common pediatric fracture
clavicular
19
Heel pain associated with overuse. Late childhood. Diagnosed with squeeze test
CALCANEAL APOPHYSITIS
20
tx for calcaneal epophysitis
rest, heel pad, achilles' stretching
21
Loss of blood supply to femoral head. Head can collapse and subluxate. Eventually revascularizes but may not occur until fixed deformity present
Perthes disease
22
Males 6-8 yrs. Variable hip/knee sx (limp). Limited internal rotation and adduction of the hip
Perthes Disease
23
Most common cause of hip (groin) pain in adolescents
SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS (SCFE)
24
Metaphysis slides superior and head stays in socket. Most patients above 95th percentile for weight
SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS (SCFE)
25
Tx for SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS (SCFE)
surgical (pinning in situ)
26
Iliotibial band slipping over the great trochanter.
snapping hip
27
Tx for snapping hip
lateral hip stretching
28
Location of overuse injuries in kids vs adults
Adults – musculo-tendinous junction. Children – bone tendon junction
29
Most common overuse injury in kids
PATELLO-FEMORAL ARTHRALGIA (PFA)
30
