Peptic ulcer Flashcards
1
Q
what is melaena?
A
dark black, tarry faeces
2
Q
what is melaena a feature of?
A
Upper GI bleed
3
Q
why is the blood black by the time it gets excreted in melaena?
A
gets altered by digestive enzymes and intestinal bacteria
4
Q
What is peptic ulcer?
A
it is a sore in the innner layer of the stomach/ duodenum, which arises when the mucosal protective barrier is destroyed
5
Q
what does a peptic ulcer cause?
A
increased production of acid
6
Q
aetiology?
A
- H.Pylori
- NSAIDs
- smoking / alcohol
7
Q
Symptoms?
A
- epigastric pain
- nausea & vomiting
- weight loss/anorexia
- if it bleeds –> haematemesis/ melaena/ anaemia
8
Q
Tests?
A
- endoscopy
H.Pylori tests:
- serology –> raised IgG
- urea breath test
9
Q
Treatment?
A
- pharmacological
H. Pylori eradication therapy
- surgical
vagotomy/ partial gastrectomy
10
Q
what is H.Pylori eradication therapy?
A
CAP
- Clarithromycin
- Amoxycillin
- PPI
triple therapy for 7 days
11
Q
what are complications that may arise?
A
- acute bleeding –> haematemesis, melaena
- chronic bleeding –> iron deficiency anaemia
- perforation
- fibrotic stricture
