Period 4.8-4.14 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Corrupt Bargain
The election of 1824 resulted in none of the candidates receiving a majority of electoral votes. In the subsequent HoR vote, Clay persuaded the house to vote JQA in exchange for Clay being appointed secretary of state.
Indian Removal Act
Signed into law by Jackson which forced the resettlement of thousands of Native Americans. Jackson sided with the states in the subsequent Supreme Court cases, so even though Georgia was ruled to not have any control over Cherokee lands, Georgia forced them out anyway.
Tariff of Abominations
The increased tariff of 1828 that resulted in SC threatening to nullify the act or secede from the Union.
Nullification Crisis
Born from the idea that states have a right to choose whether or not to obey certain federal laws. South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union after the ensuing debate regarding the role of the federal government.
States’ Rights
Rights owned by the states as opposed to the federal government. Supported by Jacksonian Democrats and opposed by the Whigs.
Democrats
Supporters of Jackson under the re-developing two-party system of the US. Opposed the Whigs, which resembled the Federalist party.
Bank Veto
Incident in which President Jackson vetoed a proposal to renew the charter for the Bank of the US, claiming it was unauthorized by the Constitution.
Panic of 1837
A result of Jackson’s Specie Circular which called for all purchase of federal lands be made in gold and silver, leading to the loss in value of banknotes and a severe financial crisis.
Whigs
Party opposed to Jackson and the Democrats that resembled the Federalist party and placed emphasis on internal improvements to infrastructure.
Transcendentalism
Small group of New England thinkers that reflected the European movement of romanticism that focused on intuition, feelings, individual acts of heroism, and the study of nature.
Utopia
The idea of withdrawing from conventional society to create an ideal community that included the Brook Farm.
Antebellum
The period before the Civil War.
Second Great Awakening
A religious revival that in some cases reasserted traditional Calvinist teachings but mainly reflected the idea of salvation for all.
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Founded by Joseph Smith who traced a connection between American Indians and the lost tribes of Israel. Followers were forced to move Westward, led by Brigham Young, and eventually settled near the Great Salt Lake in Utah.
Temperance
A response to the high rate of alcohol consumption that was led by women and the American Temperance Society.
Asylum movement
Movement led by those such as Dorothea Dix which called for the building of new mental hospitals to assist mental patients.
Common (public) school movement
Motivated by the new institution of universal white male suffrage and advocated for free, tax-paid public schools that would educate the masses. Movement was led by those such as Horace Mann and William McGuffey
Seneca Falls Convention
Meeting of leading feminists in which a document modeled after the Declaration of Independence declared that all men and women are created equal.
Abolition
Growing movement centered in the North calling for the freedom of slaves throughout the entire US.
The Liberator
Abolitionist newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison which advocated for the immediate abolition of slavery in all states and territories.
The North Star
Antislavery journal started by Fredrick Douglass, a formerly enslaved man who spoke in public about the brutality and degradation of slavery.
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Revolt led by Nat Turner in which 55 Whites were killed. Whites then murdered hundreds of African Americans and put down the rebellion, and fear regarding slave revolts largely brought to an end antislavery talk in the South.
Slave Codes
Legislation born of the fear that the booming slave population would revolt, restricted the education, movement, and gathering of slaves in many parts of the South.
King Cotton
Refers to the US’s reliance on cotton for its economy, especially the South.
