Period 7.8-7.10 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Modernism
New way of defining faith influenced by the changing roles of women, the Social Gospel movement, and scientific knowledge. These followers took a historical and critical view of the Bible.
Fundamentalism
Protestantism based on the belief that every word in the Bible was true literally. Creationism was one of their main doctrines, and they blamed Modernists for a decline in morals.
Scopes Trial
Culmination of tensions between religious Fundamentalists and Modernists in which a high school teacher was tried for teaching the theory of evolution. He was convicted but later released on a technicality.
Prohibition
Movement following WWI that banned the sale of alcohol. Created a culture of defying the law, was highly ineffective at curbing drinking, and even increased violent crime. The amendment was repealed after the Great Depression.
18th Amendment
The Prohibition amendment: banned the manufacture and sale of alcoholic drinks.
21st Amendment
Repealed the 18th Amendment, ending Prohibition.
Quota Laws
Two laws passed by Congress that sought to exclude people from countries nativists nated the most. This was mainly focused on southern and eastern Europe, Asia, and particularly Japan. Canada and Latin America are exempt.
Ku Klux Klan
The 1920’s marked a resurgence in membership for the KKK as a result of modern marketing techniques. The group targeted African Americans, Catholics, Jews, foreigners, and suspected Communists. The Klan became very powerful politically until its eventual decline.
Lost generation
The name given to artists of the post WWI-era due to their disillusionment with the ideals of an earlier time and with modern materialism.
Harlem Renaissance
Name given to a period in which Harlem, New York, a quickly developing African American community, became famous for its concentration of talented actors, artists, musicians, and writers.
Black pride
Movement that Marcus Garvey helped inspire through his views of individual and racial pride for African Americans.
Black Tuesday
Day on which stock market prices collapsed after a short period of selling frenzy across the country.
Buying on Margin
Allowed people to borrow most of the cost of a stock and depended on stock increasing to pay back the loan.
Bank failures
As a result of the Federal Reserve trying to preserve the Gold Standard. Without depositors’ insurance, people panicked and tried to get their money out of banks, which resulted in more failures.
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Signed into law by Hoover that set tax increases from 31 to 49 percent on foreign imports. This prevented international trade and drastically worsened the economic situation.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Federally run corporation created by Congress to prop up financial institutions and marked an attempt by the federal government to become more active in financial markets.
Bonus Army March
Incident in which veterans of WWI protested in D.C. to demand payment of their promised bonuses. In a clash with police, veterans were killed tanks and tear gas were used to drive the protest away.
Three R’s
The philosophy of FDR’s New Deal; Relief for people out of work, Recovery for business and the economy, and Reform of economic institutions.
Bank holiday
Period in which the government shut down failing banks for a time in order to reorganize them on a stronger basis.
Fireside Chats
A series of radio talks presented by FDR that restored the nation’s confidence in the banks.
PWA
Public Works Administration, allotted money to state and local governments for building infrastructure, creating thousands of federal jobs.
CCC
Civilian Conservation Corps, employed young men in federal projects and paid their family monthly sums.
TVA
Tennessee Valley Authority, hired thousands of people in a largely poor region of the US to work in energy sectors, creating cheap electricity for the area.
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, guaranteed individual bank deposits.
