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Flashcards in Pharm: Antibiotics Deck (11)
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0
Q

Which two classes of drugs interfere with bacterial DNA synthesis by blocking production of THF?

A

Sulfonamides (a PABA analogue) and trimethoprim (dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor)

1
Q

Name the six antibiotics that act by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.

A

Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, lindomycin, clindamycin

2
Q

Penicillin

A

Binds PBPs to block peptidoglycan cross-linking necessary for formation of bacterial cell wall

3
Q

Ampicillin and amoxicillin

A

Same as penicillin but extended spectrum. Can be used for gram- rods as well as gram +/- cocci.

4
Q

Methicillin

A

Same as penicillin but methicillin is beta lactamase resistant. Used to treat staph infections.

5
Q

Piperacillin

A

Same as penicillin. Used to treat infection with pseudomonas and gram- rods.

6
Q

Aztreonam

A

Same as penicillin but can be used in pts who are allergic to penicillin. Used against gram- rods. Somewhat resistant to beta lactamases.

7
Q

Meropenem

A

Same as penicillin but broad spectrum. Administered with cilastatin to reduce inactivation by renal dihydropeptidase.

8
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Same as penicillin but more resistant to beta lactamase.

9
Q

Gentamicin (aminoglycosides)

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor. Binds the 30s subunit, inhibiting the formation of the ribosomal initiation complex. Used against gram- rods.

10
Q

Clindamycin

A

Binds the 50s subunit, inhibiting formation of ribosomal initiation complex. Can be used against MRSA and VRE.