PHARMACOKINETICS & THE LADMER SYSTEM

Question 1

The drug’s uptake from the site of administration to the systemic circulation

Answer 1

ABSORPTION

Question 2

The drug’s movement to various sites after entering systemic circulation

Answer 2

DISTRIBUTION

Question 3

The drug’s conversion to metabolites

Answer 3

METABOLISM

Question 4

The drug’s removal from the body

Answer 4

EXCRETION

Question 5

The release of active ingredient from its dosage form.

Answer 5

LIBERATION

Question 6

Rate-limiting step in absorption of solid dosage forms and consequently onset, intensity, and duration of action of the drug

Answer 6

Dissolution

Question 7

Factors that influence the dissolution rate (3)

Answer 7

Surface Area
Salt Forms
State of Hydration

Question 8

Factors that influence the dissolution rate (2)

Answer 8

Crystal Form
Amorphous Drug Form

Question 9

The proportion of a drug that is delivered to its site of action in the body

Answer 9

Bioavailability

Question 10

RATE and EXTENT of DRUG entry into the systemic circulation

Answer 10

ABSORPTION

Question 11

The large surface area of the gastro-intestinal tract is due to the presence of?

Answer 11

Microvilli

Question 12

Location of microvilli

Answer 12

Small intestines. (Duodenum)

Question 13

Essential for absorption of weakly acidic drugs

Answer 13

STOMACH

Question 14

Not good as an absorption site

Answer 14

Stomach

Question 15

Essential organ for weakly basic drugs

Answer 15

Intestine

Question 16

Basic (pH 6-8); depending on part

Answer 16

Intestine

Question 17

Highly acidic (pH 1.5-2) (pH 2-6; fasting pH)

Answer 17

Stomach

Question 18

Covered with thick mucus layer

Answer 18

Stomach

Question 19

Exception to Liberation are Oral Solutions, Parentals, TDDS (T/F)

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The Smaller the molecule the larger the surface area (T/F)

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Salt forms dissolve less than free form drugs (T/F)

Answer 21

False (dissolve much readily)

Question 22

Amorphous Drugs are short acting compared to crystalline (T/F)

Answer 22

True

Question 23

The higher the blood supply the shorter extent / slower absorption (T/F)

Answer 23

False (Greater extent / Faster Absorption)

Question 24

It has the largest absorbing surface at 120 - 200 sq. m

Answer 24

Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GIT)

Question 25

Time it takes for the stomach to empty its contents

Answer 25

Gastric emptying rate

Question 26

Has the greatest capacity for the absorption of drugs from the GI tract

Answer 26

Duodenum