Flashcards in Pharmacology Test Five Deck (198)
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Losartan potassium (Cozaar, Hyzaar) is classified as
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
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Side/adverse effects for ARBs
Upper respiratory infection
Related to overdose: hypotension
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Teaching for ARBs
Don't use in second and third trimesters. Pts being treated for hypertension must monitor BP
3
Nifedipine (Procardia) is classified as
Calcium channel blocker
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Action of calcium channel blockers
Blocks calcium channels, promotes vasodilation
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Side effects for calcium channel blockers
Peripheral edema, can make heart failure worse, angina, hypertension
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Teaching for calcium channel blocker
Can be used with nitroglycerin. Don't take with fruit juice (causes toxicity). Monitor BP. Report angina.
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Prazosin (Minipress) is classified as
Alpha adrenergic blocker
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Action of Minipress
Blocks sympathetic nervous system response and causes vasodilation
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Side effects for Minipress
Dizziness, impotence with high doses, edema in mornings, first dose syncope ~30-90 minutes
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Teaching for Minipress
Safest to give at night. Works well with blacks. Asians are twice of sensitive so need smaller dose
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Doxazosin (Cardura) is classified as
Alpha adrenergic blocker
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Action for Cardura
Blocks alpha receptors, used for lowering BP
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Side effects for Cardura
Dizziness, first dose hypotension
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Teaching for Cardura
Safest to give at night
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Metoprolol (Lopressor) is classified as
Beta adrenergic blocker
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Action of beta blocker
Beta blockade in the heart and conduction system
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Side effects of beta blocker
Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output
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Teaching for beta blocker
Assess BP and heart rate. Hold if heart rate is less than 60. Watch for orthostatic hypotension, impotence, does not work well with blacks
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Heparin is classified as
Anticoagulant
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Action of heparin
Inactivated thrombin formation and affects clowning factor 10A so fibrin doesn't form
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Side/adverse effects for heparin
Itching
Bleeding
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Teaching for heparin
Given to pts that already have clots to keep from getting bigger. Also given for high risk of clots. Monitor for bleeding. Teach what to do if cut themselves. Use soft toothbrushes, electric razors
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Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is classified as
Anticoagulant
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Action for Lovenox
Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
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Advantages of Lovenox
Less bleeding, safer than heparin
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Dabigatran (Pradaxa) is classified as
Anticoagulant
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Pradaxa acts how
Affects clotting
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Advantages of Pradaxa
No food interactions. Needs no blood monitoring
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