Pharmacology Test Five Flashcards
(198 cards)
Side/adverse effects for ARBs
Upper respiratory infection
Related to overdose: hypotension
Losartan potassium (Cozaar, Hyzaar) is classified as
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Teaching for ARBs
Don’t use in second and third trimesters. Pts being treated for hypertension must monitor BP
Nifedipine (Procardia) is classified as
Calcium channel blocker
Action of calcium channel blockers
Blocks calcium channels, promotes vasodilation
Side effects for calcium channel blockers
Peripheral edema, can make heart failure worse, angina, hypertension
Teaching for calcium channel blocker
Can be used with nitroglycerin. Don’t take with fruit juice (causes toxicity). Monitor BP. Report angina.
Prazosin (Minipress) is classified as
Alpha adrenergic blocker
Action of Minipress
Blocks sympathetic nervous system response and causes vasodilation
Side effects for Minipress
Dizziness, impotence with high doses, edema in mornings, first dose syncope ~30-90 minutes
Teaching for Minipress
Safest to give at night. Works well with blacks. Asians are twice of sensitive so need smaller dose
Doxazosin (Cardura) is classified as
Alpha adrenergic blocker
Action for Cardura
Blocks alpha receptors, used for lowering BP
Side effects for Cardura
Dizziness, first dose hypotension
Teaching for Cardura
Safest to give at night
Metoprolol (Lopressor) is classified as
Beta adrenergic blocker
Action of beta blocker
Beta blockade in the heart and conduction system
Side effects of beta blocker
Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output
Teaching for beta blocker
Assess BP and heart rate. Hold if heart rate is less than 60. Watch for orthostatic hypotension, impotence, does not work well with blacks
Heparin is classified as
Anticoagulant
Action of heparin
Inactivated thrombin formation and affects clowning factor 10A so fibrin doesn’t form
Side/adverse effects for heparin
Itching
Bleeding
Teaching for heparin
Given to pts that already have clots to keep from getting bigger. Also given for high risk of clots. Monitor for bleeding. Teach what to do if cut themselves. Use soft toothbrushes, electric razors
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is classified as
Anticoagulant