Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

To synthesize carbohydrates
(i.e glucose) using the Sun’s energy

Question 2

Where is photosynthesis located?

Answer 2

chloroplast

Question 3

What is the general equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

6CO2 + 6H2O 🡪 C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 4

What is light also known as?

Answer 4

electromagnetic radiation

Question 5

A form of energy that travels in wave
packets are called ….

Answer 5

photons

Question 6

Photons w/ short wavelengths have
____________, long wavelengths have _____________

Answer 6

high energy, low energy

Question 7

Sunlight contains photons of
every ___________________.

Answer 7

wavelengths

Question 8

What is visible light?

Answer 8

A small part of the electromagnetic
spectrum and utilized for photosynthesis

Question 9

What does the range 380-750
nm mean?

Answer 9

That pigments absorb light in this
range

Question 10

What is Photoelectric Effect?

Answer 10

Formation of electrically charged
particles in matter when illuminated
by light.

Question 11

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 11

A cell organelle found in plants and algae.
Site of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted into chemical energy

Question 12

What is stroma?

Answer 12

rich semi-liquid inside the chloroplast where calvin cycle occurs

Question 13

What is Thylakoids?

Answer 13

membrane bound sacs

Question 14

Membranes contain ________ & ________.

Answer 14

chlorophyll & ETC’s

Question 15

Stacked thylakoids are called

Answer 15

grana (plural)

Question 16

What is chlorophyll

Answer 16

Green colored pigment found in
chloroplasts, it reflects a green light

Question 17

What is Lamellae?

Answer 17

unstacked thylakoid

Question 18

On average, in one chloroplast
there are __ grana, with ________
thylakoids each

Answer 18

60 grana, 30-50 thylakoids

Question 19

What are Pigment molecules?

Answer 19

They are molecules that absorb light.

Question 20

Why do plants have many different types of pigment molecules?

Answer 20

Because each absorbs light in a different region of the spectrum.

Question 21

Pigment molecules appear the color of the light wavelength they _______.

Answer 21

Reflect

Question 22

What does chlorophyll do?

Answer 22

Absorbs light energy and begins the
process of Photosynthesis

Question 23

2 Types of Chlorophyll?

Answer 23

a and b

Question 24

What is Chlorophyll a?

Answer 24

Primary pigment for photosynthesis.
Reflects green light (why plants appear green).

Question 25

What is Chlorophyll b?

Answer 25

Acts as an accessory pigment that helps capture more light energy. Absorbs photons that chlorophyll a absorbs poorly or not at all

Question 26

What are Carotenoids?

Answer 26

Orange and yellow accessory pigments Example: β-carotene = orange colour of carrots and autumn leaves.

Question 27

What do Carotenoids do?

Answer 27

Absorb light which would otherwise damage chlorophyll Then loses the energy as heat

Question 28

Where are Photosystems located?

Answer 28

In the thylakoid membrane

Question 29

What are photosystems made up of?

Answer 29

Made up of chlorophyll molecules, accessory pigments and proteins

Question 30

Photosystems contains...

Answer 30

Antenna complex and reaction centre

Question 31

What is Antenna complex?

Answer 31

A group of pigments (including chlorophylls and carotenoids) that capture light energy and transfer it to the reaction center. It acts like a "light-harvesting" system.

Question 32

What is reaction centre?

Answer 32

The part of the photosystem where light energy is converted into chemical energy. It's where chlorophyll a absorbs light and excites electrons, starting the electron transport chain.

Question 33

PSI (P700) also known as photosystem 1 – chlorophyll a absorbs wavelengths of light at _____

Answer 33

700nm

Question 34

PSII (P680) also known as photosystem 2 – chlorophyll a absorbs wavelengths of light at _____

Answer 34

680nm

Question 35

P/S is most efficient when..

Answer 35

PSI and PSII work together (called non-cyclic photophosphorylation)

Question 36

3 components of light reactions

Answer 36

Photoexcitation ETC Photophosphorylation

Question 37

What is Photophosphorylation?

Answer 37

Photophosphorylation is the process of generating ATP using light energy during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. In simple terms, it’s the creation of ATP using the energy from sunlight.

Question 38

What is photoexcitation?

Answer 38

Photoexcitation is when a particle, like an electron, absorbs light energy and moves to a higher energy state.

Question 39

What is chemiosmosis?

Answer 39

The process of using proton gradient (H+) across a membrane to produce ATP. Ex. ETC with ATP synthetase

Question 40

What is gradient?

Answer 40

The buildup of protons (H+) on one side of the inner membrane, more buildup = higher concentration of protons (H+).