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Flashcards in Photosynthesis Deck (27)
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1
Q

Balanced Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis

A

6Co2 + 6 H2O = C6H1206 + 6O2

2
Q

Explain the benefits of a leaf having a large surface area.

A

The larger surface area the more chance of exposure to sunlight that it has.

3
Q

What is the cuticle in a plant.

A

A waxy layer on outer surface of epidermal cells which prevents the leaf from loosing water.

4
Q

Define Photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process where light energy is transformed into chemical energy and is stored as sugars.

5
Q

What is the role of the stomata in a plant?

A

Provides access into the leaf for carbon dioxide.

6
Q

What is the role f the xylem vessels?

A

Supply water form the roots to the cells of the leaf.

7
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

Chloroplast

8
Q

Define chlorophyll

A

Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment which absorbs blue and red light. They reflect green, hence the colour of plants.

9
Q

Which form of chlorophyll has direct involvement with photosynthesis?

A

Chlorophyll A

10
Q

Why is it a benefit to have other pigments?

A

Other pigments such as chlorophyll b absorb light and transfer it to chlorophyll a, thus broadening the range of different wavelengths that can drive photosynthesis.

11
Q

Where does the light-dependent stage occur?

A

Thylakoid Membrane

12
Q

List inputs for the light dependent stage

A
  • Sunlight
  • Chlorophyll
  • NADP
  • ADP + Pi
  • H20
13
Q

List outputs for the light dependent stage

A
  • ATP
  • Oxygen (waste product)
  • NADPH
14
Q

Explain briefly what happens in the light dependent stage

A
  1. Light energy is trapped in the chlorophyll causing electrons to become excited.
  2. The electrons drive photolysis: The splitting of a water molecule into hydrogen ions, oxygen gas and electrons are also relased
  3. NADP joins with a hydrogen ion to for NADPH
  4. ADP+ Pi forms ATP
15
Q

What drives the second stage of photosythesis

A

The NADPH AND ATP from the first stage/

16
Q

What is the light independent stage also known as?

A

The Calvin Cycle

17
Q

Inputs of the Calvin Cycle

A

NADPH
ATP
CO2

18
Q

Outputs of the calvin cycle

A

Glucose
NADP
ADP + Pi

19
Q

Briefly explain the steps of the calvin cycle

A
  1. Co2 molecues in the stroma combine with a 5C compound called RuBP. The enzyme that joins these two is called RiBisCo. This is called carbon fixation
  2. A 6C compound splits in 2 3C compounds
  3. ATP and NADPH are used to rearrange the structre of the molecules in a number of steps to form 2 triosphosphate molecules.
  4. A 3C sugar compound is released to form glucose.
  5. The remaingin molecules reform RuBP
20
Q

What are the main factors that affect the photosynthetic Rate?

A
  • Light Intensity
  • Temperature
  • Co2 Concentration
21
Q

What are the main parts in a chloroplast?

A
Thylakoid
Granum
Grana
Intermembrane Space
Outer Membrane
Inner Membrane
Stroma
Stroma Lamella
Starch Molecule
DNA
22
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water ——-> (in the presecence of light (energy) and chlorophyll)) yields glucose and oxygen1

23
Q

Define autotrophs

A

Self feeding organisms that synthesis their own organic molecules

24
Q

Define hetertrphs

A

Animals receiving their energy from other organisms

25
Q

Where does the LD stage occur?

A

Grana

26
Q

Where does the LID occur

A

stroma

27
Q

Photosynthesis is an

A

endergonic reaction