Photosynthesis Test

Question 1

Autotrophs

Answer 1

-Organisms that make their own food using an external source of energy

-Ex: plants, algae, and bacteria

Question 2

Heterotrophs

Answer 2

-Organisms that consume energy by eating other organisms (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and decomposers)

-Ex: Animals

Question 3

ATP (What is it’s name and what is it made of)

Answer 3

-Adenosine Triphosphate

-It is made up of adenine, ribose, and three phosphates (triphosphate)

Question 4

ATP Storing Energy

Answer 4

• Adding a phosphate group to ADP adds energy to the molecule and turns it into ATP-Endergonic reaction

-Short term energy storage: ATP

-Long term energy storage: form of lipids and carbohydrates

Question 5

ATP Releasing Energy

Answer 5

-ATP can release energy by breaking the bonds between its second and third phosphate group

Question 6

Triphosphate

Answer 6

-3 phosphate groups (high energy)

Question 7

Diphosphate

Answer 7

• 2 phosphate groups (less energy)

Question 8

ATP —> ADP

Answer 8

-When a cell needs to use energy to perform a function, the third phosphate group of ATP is removed

-Way of ATP Releasing energy

-Exergonic Reaction

Question 9

Does ATP or ADP have a higher potential energy?

Answer 9

ATP

Question 10

How do cells use ATP?

Answer 10

-They use it to:

 -Carry out active transport

 -Cell division

 -Movement in cell 

-Biosynthesis

Question 11

Chemical Energy and ATP

Answer 11

-Chemical Energy is contained in the bonds between atoms

-ATP is the molecule that organisms use to temporarily store energy

-To store long term energy, it is in the form of lipids and carbohydrates

Question 12

Chemoautotrophs

Answer 12

-A type of autotroph where they use chemicals as a source of energy; they are only found in extreme environments

-Does not engage in photosynthesis

-Less common on earth

Question 13

Photoautotrophs

Answer 13

• A type of autotroph where they use sunlight as their source of energy

-Engages in photosynthesis

-More common on planet

Question 14

What happens in the Thylakoid membrane?

Answer 14

Light dependent reactions

Question 15

What happens in the stroma?

Answer 15

Calvin Cycle

Question 16

Thylakoid

Answer 16

-Saclike membranes that contain chlorophyll

Question 17

Granum

Answer 17

-Stack of Thylakoids

Question 18

Stroma

Answer 18

• The fluid portion of the chloroplast outside of the thylakoids

Question 19

Photosynthesis is possible due to which organelle?

Answer 19

Chloroplast

Question 20

How is light towards the red end of ROYGBIV?

Answer 20

-It has low energy, big wavelengths, and low frequency

Question 21

How is light towards the violent end of ROYGBIV?

Answer 21

-It has high energy, small wavelength, and high frequency

Question 22

Pigments

Answer 22

-Light absorbing compounds

Ex: Chlorophyll

Question 23

Do plants take in green light?

Answer 23

No it is reflected. If a plant was shown only green light, it would die.

Question 24

Chlorophyll

Answer 24

-Found on the Thylakoid membrane and is principle pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms.

Question 25

NADP+

Answer 25

- Empty electron carrier -Low energy

Question 26

NADPH

Answer 26

-Full electron carrier -high energy

Question 27

NADP+ ---> NADPH

Answer 27

-NADP+ picks up 2 electrons and a hydrogen ion to become NADPH

Question 28

Photosynthesis equation

Answer 28

-Element equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + sunlight→ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, -Word equation: -carbon dioxide + water + sunlight = glucose + oxygen

Question 29

What is the purpose of Photosynthesis?

Answer 29

- To convert light energy to chemical energy and to store this chemical energy in molecules of Carbohydrates (form of glucose) -It is also to make the plants food (glucose)

Question 30

Light dependent reactions reactants and products

Answer 30

Reactants: -H20 -ADP -NADP+ -Sunlight -Products: -02 -ATP -NADPH

Question 31

Role of Photosystems:

Answer 31

-To absorb light energy and transfer it to the electron transport chain leading to the production of ATP, NADPH and the release of oxygen

Question 32

Calvin Cycle Reactants and Products

Answer 32

-Reactants -ATP -NADPH -CO2 -Products: -Glucose -ADP -NADP+ -ADP and NADP+ travel back to the light dependent reactions to be re energized

Question 33

What is the purpose of the Light Dependent Reaction and the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 33

-Light Dependent Reaction -Convert light energy to chemical energy -Calvin Cycle -Make glucose

Question 34

Light Dependent Reaction Process

Answer 34

-Light is going to the thylakoids membrane -Water is split into H+ ions -When the sunlight hits due to the absorption of the chlorophyll, electrons are excited -The energy from the excited electrons is used to make ATP and NADPH

Question 35

Calvin Cycle Process

Answer 35

-Carbon dioxide enters the Calvin Cycle -Energy ( ATP and NADPH) form the liquid reactions which is used to make glucose

Question 36

What are the factors affecting Photosynthesis?

Answer 36

-Water -a reactant in photosynthesis and is essential for the light-dependent reactions -Carbon dioxide -Carbon dioxide is a key reactant in photosynthesis, used in the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) to produce sugars. -Temperature -affects the activity of enzymes involved in photosynthesis, which are crucial for the process to occur efficiently. -Light -the primary energy source for photosynthesis, driving the light-dependent reactions that convert light energy into chemical energy.