phys ex2

Question 1

Insulin is a _____ hormone.

Answer 1

protein

Question 2

Type II diabetes mellitus results from

Answer 2

insulin receptor insensitivity

Question 3

The receptor for insulin is

Answer 3

tyrosine kinase linked

Question 4

Glucagon

Answer 4

increases blood glucose

Question 5

Polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia are cardinal signs of

Answer 5

both type I and type II diabetes mellitus

Question 6

Insulin

Answer 6

decreases blood glucose

Question 7

Insulin is produced by the _____ cells of the pancreas.

Answer 7

beta

Question 8

The alpha cells of the pancreas secrete a hormone that

Answer 8

increases blood glucose

Question 9

Vitamin D

Answer 9

increases the intestinal absorption of calcium

Question 10

Vitamin D deficiency in children results in

Answer 10

rickets

Question 11

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 11

increases calcium in the blood

Question 12

Low calcium in the blood is known as

Answer 12

hypocalcemia

Question 13

High calcium levels in the blood stimulates the secretion of

Answer 13

calcitonin

Question 14

The action potentials of a neuron

Answer 14

all have the same amplitude

Question 15

Action potentials in a myelinated axon

Answer 15

are saltatory

Question 16

The rapid depolarization phase of an action potential is produced by

Answer 16

voltage-gated Na+ channels

Question 17

Voltage (mV) measured across a membrane is known as

Answer 17

membrane potential

Question 18

The concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane of neurons is established by

Answer 18

the Na+/K+ ATPase (sodium pump)

Question 19

The resting membrane potential of cells is established and maintained by

Answer 19

K+ leak channels

Question 20

Graded membrane potentials

Answer 20

vary with stimulus strength

Question 21

Open Na+ channels

Answer 21

depolarize the cell membrane

Question 22

Action potentials begin

Answer 22

in the axon hillock

Question 23

The hyperpolarization phase of an action potential is produced by

Answer 23

open K+ channels

Question 24

Which cell type has multiple processes that simultaneously form myelin sheathing around multiple axons?

Answer 24

oligodendrocyte

Question 25

Secretes, circulates and maintains cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 25

ependyma

Question 26

Which cell type forms myelin sheathing in the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 26

Schwann

Question 27

Neuronal cell type with 2 processes emanating from the cell body

Answer 27

Bipolar

Question 28

Glial cell that has perivascular feet

Answer 28

Astrocyte

Question 29

Phagocytic cell of the nervous system

Answer 29

microglia

Question 30

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 30

are the sites of action potentials in myelinated axons

Question 31

Acetycholine neurotransmission is terminated by

Answer 31

acetycholinesterase

Question 32

Norepinephrine directly activates

Answer 32

g-protein linked receptors

Question 33

Norepinephrine neurotransmission is terminated by

Answer 33

reuptake into the presynaptic terminal

Question 34

Ligand gated channels for which ion create EPSPs?

Answer 34

sodium

Question 35

The nicotinic acetycholine receptor

Answer 35

is both a sodium and potassium channel

Question 36

The ion that triggers presynaptic exocytosis of neurotransmitter:

Answer 36

calcium

Question 37

Ligand gated channels for which ion create IPSPs?

Answer 37

potassium

Question 38

Which of the following are functions of the basal nuclei?

Answer 38

Plan, initiate and maintain voluntary motor activities Regulate voluntary control of eye movements Inhibit antagonistic and unnecessary movements

Question 39

Which part of the cerebrum is involved in speech preparation and production?

Answer 39

Broca's area

Question 40

Which part of the brain continually produces new neurons and is crucial for learning and memory?

Answer 40

the hippocampus

Question 41

Which cerebral lobe is involved in cutaneous and muscular sensations?

Answer 41

Parietal

Question 42

Which cerebral lobe is involved in voluntary motor control of skeletal muscles; personality; and higher intellectual processes?

Answer 42

Frontal

Question 43

Which is a descending (motor) spinal tract?

Answer 43

pyramidal

Question 44

Stretch reflexes are initiated by activation of a

Answer 44

muscle spindle

Question 45

Which is an ascending (sensory) spinal tract?

Answer 45

Lateral spinothalamic

Question 46

The efferent component of a stretch reflex:

Answer 46

Alpha motor neuron

Question 47

Spinal nerves contain the axons of both sensory and motor neurons.

Answer 47

True