phys Final ex 3

Question 1

The neurotransmitter receptor in a sympathetic ganglion:

Answer 1

nicotinic

Question 2

Heart rate is slowed by

Answer 2

activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the heart

Question 3

An increase in sympathetic activity

Answer 3

causes dilation of the bronchioles in the lungs

Question 4

The neurotransmitter receptor in a sympathetic ganglion:

Answer 4

nicotinic

Question 5

The neurotransmitter receptor in sympathetic target tissue:

Answer 5

adregenic

Question 6

The neurotransmitter receptor in parasympathetic target tissue:

Answer 6

muscarinic

Question 7

An increase in parasympathetic activity

Answer 7

slows heart rate

Question 8

The neurotransmitter receptor in a parasympathetic ganglion:

Answer 8

nicotinic

Question 9

Heart rate and contractility are increased by

Answer 9

norepinephrine activation of beta-1 receptors

Question 10

Which type of muscle is striated?

Answer 10

both cardiac and skeletal muscle

Question 11

During contraction myosin heads bind to

Answer 11

g-actin

Question 12

The motor protein of a muscle that is an ATPase:

Answer 12

myosin

Question 13

During isometric contraction neither the muscle nor the sarcomeres shorten. (T/F)

Answer 13

false, sarcomeres shorten

Question 14

During contraction of striated muscle the Z disk is pulled toward the M line. (T/F)

Answer 14

true

Question 15

In muscle, the power stroke occurs when

Answer 15

Pi is released from myosin

Question 16

Excitation contraction coupling occurs when

Answer 16

calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

The rigor state occurs in muscle when

Answer 17

there is a deficiency of ATP

Question 18

The contractile muscle cells of the heart receive

Answer 18

only sympathetic autonomic innervation

Question 19

The S1 heart sound is produced by

Answer 19

closure of the atrioventricular (AV) valves

Question 20

Blood passively enters the heart during ventricular

Answer 20

diastole

Question 21

The pacemaker cells of the heart receive

Answer 21

both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation

Question 22

The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in the

Answer 22

SA node

Question 23

In which of the following vessels is blood most oxygenated?

Answer 23

the left pulmonary veins

Question 24

The sympathetic input to the heart regulates:

Answer 24

the force of heart muscle contraction.

the volume of blood pumped per contraction.

the heart rate

Question 25

Which heart valve is opened during ventricular systole?

Answer 25

Aortic

Question 26

Excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle cells involves

Answer 26

calcium induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

The ventricles contract from the apex up to the base of the heart. (T/F)

Answer 27

True

Question 28

With regard to the blood vessels, the pressure is highest in the _____ and lowest in the _______.

Answer 28

aorta, venae cavae

Question 29

Which of the following increases the force of ventricular contractions?

Answer 29

increased intracellular Ca2+

Question 30

The main site of variable resistance in the vascular system:

Answer 30

Arterioles

Question 31

Activation of which adrenergic receptor in the heart increases both heart rate and stroke volume?

Answer 31

Beta1

Question 32

Which of the following occurs when acetylcholine receptors in cardiac pacemaker cells are activated?

Answer 32

K+ channels are opened, slowing heart rate

Question 33

Which of the following increases cardiac output?

Answer 33

Increased sympathetic activity

Question 34

Stroke volume is ___

Answer 34

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction

Question 35

When the radius of a blood vessel increases:

Answer 35

Resistance decreases

Question 36

Which of the following receptors causes vasodilation during sympathetic stimulation?

Answer 36

Beta2 adrenergic

Question 37

Systolic blood pressure has a greater influence on mean arterial pressure than diastolic blood pressure because the heart spends 2/3 of the cardiac cycle in ventricular systole. (T/F)

Answer 37

False -Diastolic BP has a greater influence on MAP than Systolic BP because the heart spends 2/3rd of the time in diastole

Question 38

Increased end diastolic volume (EDV) results in:

Answer 38

Increased stroke volume Increased stretching of the left ventricle Increased cardiac output

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 39

return excess fluid from the interstitium to the arterial end of capillaries

Question 40

Functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 40

return excess fluid from the interstitium to the venous circulation immune system (lymphocytes and macrophages) activity return excess fluid from the interstitium to the venous circulation transfer of fat, absorbed from the small intestine, to the circulatory system

Question 41

Granulocytic blood cells that secrete chemical agents in response to tissue damage:

Answer 41

Basophils

Question 42

Which ion is required for blood clot formation by the coagulation cascade?

Answer 42

Ca2+

Question 43

Lymph capillaries are highly permeable to

Answer 43

fluid proteins bacteria

Question 44

Phagocytic blood cells:

Answer 44

Macrophages

Question 45

Blood flow velocity is slowest through

Answer 45

capillaries

Question 46

The movement of fluid out of capillaries into the interstitium results from

Answer 46

hydrostatic pressure in the arterial end

Question 47

Blood cells that synthesize antibodies and attack invading pathogens:

Answer 47

Lymphocytes

Question 48

All exchange of materials (nutrients, wastes, etc.) between blood and interstitial fluid occurs across the walls of

Answer 48

capillaries

Question 49

Thrombin is involved in both the formation of fibrin clots and fibrinolysis. (T/F)

Answer 49

True

Question 50

The movement of fluid from the interstitium into capillaries results from

Answer 50

colloidal osmotic pressure in the venous end