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Flashcards in Picornaviridae Deck (20)
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1
Q
SVD is a vesicular disease that has not been reported in North America. What other vesicular diseases of cattle, swine or horses do you know?
vesicular stomatitis
foot-and-mouth disease
vesicular exanthema of swine
       all of the above
A

all of the above

2
Q

The pig is the only natural host of Swine Vesicular Disease Virus.
True
False

A

True

3
Q

What is the difference between positive and negative sense viral RNA?
there is no difference because both types of RNA are translated in the cytoplasm
no answer is correct
viral proteins can be translated directly only from the positive sense RNA
there is no difference because both encode viral genes

A

viral proteins can be translated directly only from the positive sense RNA

4
Q

Sodium carbonate is a disinfectant of choice during FMDV outbreaks
True
False

A

True

5
Q

The Picornaviridae genome is organized in one open reading frame (ORF). What does this imply for protein translation?
no answer is correct
protein expression will be delayed
protein translation will ensue as a single polypeptide
protein expression will be difficult

A

protein translation will ensue as a single polypeptide

6
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus is sensitive to ambient temperature and to sodium carbonate.
True
False

A

False

7
Q

How would you clinically distinguish between Foot-and-mouth disease, Swine Vesicular disease and vesicular stomatitis in pigs?
lesions in vesicular stomatitis are located only in the oral cavity
lesions in swine vesicular disease are found throughout body
lesions in foot-and-mouth disease are located mostly on feet
lesions are indistinguishable, laboratory diagnosis is necessary

A

lesions are indistinguishable, laboratory diagnosis is necessary

8
Q

There is cross protection between the 7 serotypes of FMDV, which makes it easy to vaccinate against FMD.
True
False

A

False

9
Q
If FMDV was present on a farm with a mixture of animals such pigs, goats, sheep and cattle, which animal species would manifest clinical signs first?
horses
sheep
cattle and pigs
goats
A

cattle and pigs

10
Q

Pigs are always referred to as amplifiers of FMDV. What does this mean?
virion size of FMDV in pigs is twice that in cattle
replication of FMDV in pigs is intensive, resulting in a high concentration of virus on the premises
pigs have more vesicles than cattle
FMDV isolated from pigs is easily amplified by PCR

A

replication of FMDV in pigs is intensive, resulting in a high concentration of virus on the premises

11
Q

Which of the following statements is a consequence of FMDV infection in livestock?
limitation of international trade in livestock and animal products
economic losses to farmers and producers
loss in livestock production
all of the above

A

all of the above

12
Q

The following are routes of FMDV transmission: aerosols, direct contact and indirect contact via fomites.
True
False

A

True

13
Q

In FMD-free countries such the UK, how is FMD controlled when an outbreak occurs?
none of the above
vaccination
treatment of infected animals
quarantine, euthanization and disposal

A

quarantine, euthanization and disposal

14
Q

In North America who is authorized to handle diagnostic samples for FMD?
only veterinary hospitals
veterinary research centres
only reference laboratories
any diagnostic laboratory can handle such samples as long as they have appropriate equipment to run the tests

A

only reference laboratories

15
Q

What is your best choice of clinical samples for FMDV or SVD testing?
nasal swabs
skin scrapings
oral swabs
blood, vesicular fluid, raptured vesicular swabs

A

blood, vesicular fluid, raptured vesicular swabs

16
Q

Numerous assays have been developed to detect FMDV or SVDV in clinical samples. What assays would you choose to achieve rapid detection and confirmation of these viruses?
virus isolation in cell culture
RT-PCR, ELISA, virus isolation, in that order
western blot
inoculation of embryonated chicken eggs

A

RT-PCR, ELISA, virus isolation, in that order

17
Q
To which virus family and genus does FMDV belong?
Picornaviridae, enterovirus
Filoviridae, aphtovirus
Picornaviridae, aphtovirus
Paramyxoviridae, aphtovirus
A

Paramyxoviridae, aphtovirus

18
Q

Which of the following strategies of cell entry can be employed by members ofthe picornaviridae?
endocytosis
VP4 and VP1 mediated injection of the capsid
membrane fusion
all options are correct

A

all options are correct

19
Q
What are the prominent locations of FMD lesions in cattle and pigs?
oral mucosal only
foot and mouth
all over the body
exclusively on coronary bands
A

foot and mouth

20
Q
FMD is a highly contagious disease that always results in:
high morbidity and mortality
high morbidity
high mortality
       all of the above.
A

high morbidity