Pigs

Question 1

what is the aim for weaning weight?

Answer 1

7kg

Question 2

what is the aim for grower weight?

Answer 2

30kg

Question 3

what is the aim for finishing weight?

Answer 3

130kg

Question 4

what are breeding sows vaccinated for to give passive immunity to sows?

Answer 4

Erysipelas
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
E. coli
Clostridium perfringens
Haemophilus parasuis
atrophic rhinitis

Question 5

what are growing herds vaccinated against to create active immunity?

Answer 5

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

Question 6

what autogenous vaccine is available for pigs?

Answer 6

Salmonella typhimurium

Question 7

what are the three types of vaccines?

Answer 7

inactivated
live
autogenous

Question 8

how can vaccines be administered to pigs?

Answer 8

SC, IM, intradermal, oral, in water

Question 9

what are piglets vaccinated against?

Answer 9

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

Question 9

what are piglets vaccinated against?

Answer 9

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

Question 10

when are autogenous vaccines used?

Answer 10

only in emergency cases/outbreak prevention

Question 11

what site should be used for subcutaneous injections?

Answer 11

neck

Question 12

what site should be used for intramuscular injections?

Answer 12

neck

Question 13

how long should records of drugs and vaccines be able to date back to?

Answer 13

> 5 years

Question 14

how are the majority of antibiotics administered to pigs?

Answer 14

in feed

Question 15

what antibiotics can be used prophylactically in pigs?

Answer 15

none - prophylactic use is banned

Question 16

what drugs have high penetration to most tissues?

Answer 16

tetracyclines, fluoroquinolone, florfenicol

Question 17

what size needle should be used for weaners?

Answer 17

21G 5/8” (green)

Question 18

what size needle should be used for growers?

Answer 18

19G 1” (pink)

Question 19

what size needle should be used for finishers?

Answer 19

16G 1’ (metal)

Question 20

what coccidiostat is used in pigs?

Answer 20

toltrazuril

Question 21

what drugs can be used in pigs to stimulate oestrus?

Answer 21

PG600 - chorionic gonadotropin
GnRH analogues

Question 22

what drugs can be used to synchronise oestrus in pigs?

Answer 22

synthetic progestogens

Question 23

what drugs can be used to induce farrowing in pigs?

Answer 23

prostaglandin F2 alpha

Question 24

what drugs can be used to cause uterine contraction in pigs?

Answer 24

oxytocin

Question 25

how are progestogens used to synchronise oestrus in pigs?

Answer 25

given orally for 18 days then oestrus is seen 5 days after last dose (need to be accurate)

Question 26

how long is the normal ovarian cycle of a sow?

Answer 26

19-23 days

Question 27

what is the positive feedback loop associated with lactation?

Answer 27

suckling stimulates prolactin release which causes more milk production

Question 28

what is the negative feedback loop associated with lactation?

Answer 28

suckling stimulates death of gonadotrophin so there is no ovarian activity

Question 29

what is a very prominent feature of a pig with BCS 1?

Answer 29

prominent backbone

Question 30

when does ovulation occur in relation to heat?

Answer 30

38-42 hours after the start of true heat

Question 31

how can you stimulate a sow during AI?

Answer 31

rub mammary glands put pressure on back/shoulders put pressure on side/flanks vulval stimulation gentle manipulation of catheter vocalisation

Question 32

what are the signs a sow is in heat?

Answer 32

vulva - red, swollen, mucous vocalisation interest in boar flank nosing smelling/standing next to boar allows mounting

Question 33

what is the possible fate of semen post insemination?

Answer 33

reflux phagocytosis fertilisation

Question 34

what are the features of a good AI area?

Answer 34

close to sows away from boars nose/nose contact with boar individual insemination pen stress free post service area good pig flow, gates, storage, light

Question 35

what is the overall production of farrowing unit measured by?

Answer 35

pigs born alive per sow per year

Question 36

what is the ideal time from weaning to service?

Answer 36

1 week

Question 37

what is the ideal time from farrowing to weaning?

Answer 37

4 weeks

Question 38

what is the ideal time from service to farrowing?

Answer 38

16 weeks

Question 39

what are some possible infectious causes of poor fertility?

Answer 39

porcine parvovirus PRRS porcine circovirus 2 swine influenza leptospirosis SMEDI viruses

Question 40

what could cause irregular returns?

Answer 40

being in pig loss of pregnancy infection (tracking endometritis)

Question 41

what are the points at which the cervix is open and infection could enter to cause endometritis?

Answer 41

at/post service farrowing

Question 42

what ate some possible causes of implantation disruption?

Answer 42

stress nutrition seasonal influence disease

Question 43

what diseases influence the number of piglets born alive or mummified?

Answer 43

stress parvovirus RSSV PCV2 erysipelas leptospirosis