Plants (paper2)

Question 1

What can plants and algae do to sunlight?

Answer 1

Trap it’s energy in the chloroplasts

Question 2

What is sunlight energy then transferred to?

Answer 2

Molecules of sugar called glucose by the process of photosynthesis

Question 3

What is the photosynthesis equation

Answer 3

Co2 + water -> glucose + oxygen

Question 4

Where else can animals get stores of energy from

Answer 4

Food

Question 5

What are the materials inside an organism called

Answer 5

Biomass

Question 6

Where does photosynthesis occur

Answer 6

Chloroplasts

Question 7

What type of reaction is photosynthesis

Answer 7

Endothermic as energy enters from the surroundings

Question 8

What do the glucose molecules link together to make?

Answer 8

A polymer called starch

Question 9

What happens to the starch after it is made

Answer 9

Broken down into smaller substances then transferred to the cytoplasm to make sucrose

Question 10

Why are the palisade cells at the top of the leaf?

Answer 10

As they contain lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 11

What do stomata allow

Answer 11

carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapour to diffuse into and out of the leaf

Question 12

What open and closes the stomata

Answer 12

Guard cells

Question 13

How do guard cells open

Answer 13

When in light, water flows into the pair making them rigid

Question 14

How do the stomata close

Answer 14

At night, water flows out and they lose the rigidity

Question 15

Why are leaves thin

Answer 15

So that the carbon dioxide doesn’t have far to diffuse

Question 16

What is gaseous exchange

Answer 16

The flow of different gases in and out of the leaf

Question 17

What does a reduced concentration of air molecules affect

Answer 17

The rate of photosynthesis( it lowers )

Question 18

What are the reactions in photosynthesis catalysed by

Answer 18

Enzymes that work better at warmer temperatures

Question 19

What is a factor that prevents a rate increasing

Answer 19

A limiting factor

Question 20

Name some limiting factors in photosynthesis

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide concentration, temp and light intensity

Question 21

What is the maximum rate of photosynthesis controlled by

Answer 21

The factor in shortest supply

Question 22

What does a straight line on a graph show

Answer 22

A linear relationship

Question 23

What is the inverse square law equation

Answer 23

New light intensity = original light intensity x original distance squared divided by new distance squared

Question 24

What is the new light intensity inversely proportional to?

Answer 24

The new distance squared

Question 25

What happens in transpiration

Answer 25

It's the movement of water from roots to leaves, through the xylem, which is passive

Question 26

What happens in translocation

Answer 26

It's the movement of sucrose from the leaves to other parts of the plant, through the phloem. It requires energy

Question 27

Name some xylem adaptations

Answer 27

Disintegrated cell walls, making long empty vessels. Rings of lignin for rigidity, so water pressure doesn't burst the vessel

Question 28

Name some phloem adaptations

Answer 28

Contains sieve tubes for translocation, packed with companion cells to pump the sucrose in or out of sieve cells

Question 29

What do gibberellins do

Answer 29

Helps seeds to germinate and grow roots and shoots.

Question 30

What does ethene gas do

Answer 30

It helps fruits ripen

Question 31

What do selective weed killers contain

Answer 31

Artificial auxins that help kill weeds

Question 32

Where are auxins also found

Answer 32

Rooting powders

Question 33

What is photoperiodism

Answer 33

Response of an organism to the number of daylight hours in a day

Question 34

How do plants use photoperiodism

Answer 34

They use it to flower at certain times (when suitable pollinators are around)

Question 35

How is ethene used by plant manufacturers

Answer 35

They ripen un ripe fruit with it