Policy And Inequality

Question 1

1944 education act

Answer 1

Influenced meritocracy and brought about the tripartite system as children were selected and allocated to different types of secondary school

Grammar schools - access to none manual jobs and higher education

Secondary modern: practical curriculum and access to manual work for pupils who failed their exams

Question 2

The comprehensive school system

Answer 2

Overcame the class divide and made education more meritocratic

Question 3

Marxist and functionalist view on education

Answer 3

Functionalists see education as fulfilling its function such as social interrogation

Marxists see education as serving the interests of capitalism by reproducing and legitimising class inequality

Question 4

Marketisation

Answer 4

Basically a school selling itself to parents.it reduces the state control over parents

Examples of marketisation: formula funding : schools receiving the same amounts for more pupils, schools having to compete to attract pupils

Question 5

What does David argue?

Answer 5

Argues marketised education as a parentocracy ( rule by parents )

Question 6

Ball and Whitty

Answer 6

Marketisation policies such as exam league tables and funding formula reproduce class inequalities

Question 7

Cream skimming

Answer 7

Schools being more selective and choose their own customers , attracting MC pupils.

Question 8

Silt shifting

Answer 8

Good schools can avoid taking less able pupils and damage the schools exam league table position.

Question 9

Funding formula

Answer 9

Schools are given money for how much pupils they attract

Unpopular schools loose income as they attract less pupils

Question 10

Gerwitz

Answer 10

Differences in parents economic and cultural capital leads to less class differences.

Question 11

What are they types of parents in parental choice

Answer 11

Priveleged skilled choosers,disconnected local choosers and semi skilled choosers

Question 12

What is the role of privileged skilled choosers

Answer 12

Professional MC parents used economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children

THEY ARE WELL EDUCATED

Question 13

What are the disconnected local choosers

Answer 13

WC parents, restricted choices by their lack of educational and cultural capital l

DIFFICULT TO UNDERSTAND SCHOOL ADMISSIONS, less confident with schools

Limited funds

Question 14

Semi skilled choosers

Answer 14

WC Parents, ambitious for their children , lacked cultural capital

Question 15

Myth of parentocracy

Answer 15

Education system sees school as for the benefit of parents

BALL ARGUES THAT PATRNTOCRACY IS A MYTH

Question 16

Policies to reduce inequality

Answer 16

Education maintainace allowances

Payments to students from low income backgrounds to help them stay in school

Question 17

Academies

Answer 17

Schools were encouraged to leave local authority control , removing the focus on inequality

Question 18

Free schools

Answer 18

Set up and run by parents, teachers , businesses and faith organisations rather than the local authorities

Question 19

Fragmentation

Answer 19

The comprehensive system is being replaced by diverse provision

Question 20

Centralisation of control

Answer 20

Government has power to make schools into academies ,, these schools are funded by the government

Question 21

Privatisation

Answer 21

Transfer of public assets eg: schools to private companies

EDUCATION BECOMES A SOURCE OF PROFIT

Question 22

Define ESI

Answer 22

Education services industry

Question 23

Cola-isation of schools

Answer 23

Private sector penetrating schools indirectly eg : VENDING MACHIENES

Question 24

What does the Marxist Stuart Hall say?

Answer 24

Academies are an example of public services being handed to private capitalists

Question 25

Althusser ideological state apparatus

Answer 25

The repressive state apparatus Maintain the rule of the bourgeoisie The ideological state apparatus Maintain the rule of the bourgeoise by controlling people’s ideas values and beliefs