1944 education act
Influenced meritocracy and brought about the tripartite system as children were selected and allocated to different types of secondary school
Grammar schools - access to none manual jobs and higher education
Secondary modern: practical curriculum and access to manual work for pupils who failed their exams
The comprehensive school system
Overcame the class divide and made education more meritocratic
Marxist and functionalist view on education
Functionalists see education as fulfilling its function such as social interrogation
Marxists see education as serving the interests of capitalism by reproducing and legitimising class inequality
Marketisation
Basically a school selling itself to parents.it reduces the state control over parents
Examples of marketisation: formula funding : schools receiving the same amounts for more pupils, schools having to compete to attract pupils
What does David argue?
Argues marketised education as a parentocracy ( rule by parents )
Ball and Whitty
Marketisation policies such as exam league tables and funding formula reproduce class inequalities
Cream skimming
Schools being more selective and choose their own customers , attracting MC pupils.
Silt shifting
Good schools can avoid taking less able pupils and damage the schools exam league table position.
Funding formula
Schools are given money for how much pupils they attract
Unpopular schools loose income as they attract less pupils
Gerwitz
Differences in parents economic and cultural capital leads to less class differences.
What are they types of parents in parental choice
Priveleged skilled choosers,disconnected local choosers and semi skilled choosers
What is the role of privileged skilled choosers
Professional MC parents used economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children
THEY ARE WELL EDUCATED
What are the disconnected local choosers
WC parents, restricted choices by their lack of educational and cultural capital l
DIFFICULT TO UNDERSTAND SCHOOL ADMISSIONS, less confident with schools
Limited funds
Semi skilled choosers
WC Parents, ambitious for their children , lacked cultural capital
Myth of parentocracy
Education system sees school as for the benefit of parents
BALL ARGUES THAT PATRNTOCRACY IS A MYTH
Policies to reduce inequality
Education maintainace allowances
Payments to students from low income backgrounds to help them stay in school
Academies
Schools were encouraged to leave local authority control , removing the focus on inequality
Free schools
Set up and run by parents, teachers , businesses and faith organisations rather than the local authorities
Fragmentation
The comprehensive system is being replaced by diverse provision
Centralisation of control
Government has power to make schools into academies ,, these schools are funded by the government
Privatisation
Transfer of public assets eg: schools to private companies
EDUCATION BECOMES A SOURCE OF PROFIT
Define ESI
Education services industry
Cola-isation of schools
Private sector penetrating schools indirectly eg : VENDING MACHIENES
What does the Marxist Stuart Hall say?
Academies are an example of public services being handed to private capitalists
Althusser ideological state apparatus
The repressive state apparatus
Maintain the rule of the bourgeoisie
The ideological state apparatus
Maintain the rule of the bourgeoise by controlling people’s ideas values and beliefs
